scholarly journals Seasonal changes of plant hydraulics, water relations and growth of Aesculus hippocastanum seedlings infested by the leafminer Cameraria ohridella

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Raimondo ◽  
Patrizia Trifilò ◽  
Sebastiano Salleo ◽  
Andrea Nardini
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Plant Hydraulics

scholarly journals Plant hydraulic traits reveal islands as refugia from worsening drought

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R Ramirez ◽  
Mark E De Guzman ◽  
Todd E Dawson ◽  
David D Ackerly
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Plant Hydraulics ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Potential Climate Change

Abstract Relatively mesic environments within arid regions may be important conservation targets as ‘climate change refugia’ for species persistence in the face of worsening drought conditions. Semi-arid southern California and the relatively mesic environments of California’s Channel Islands provide a model system for examining drought responses of plants in potential climate change refugia. Most methods for detecting refugia are focused on ‘exposure’ of organisms to certain abiotic conditions, which fail to assess how local adaptation or acclimation of plant traits (i.e. ‘sensitivity’) contribute to or offset the benefits of reduced exposure. Here, we use a comparative plant hydraulics approach to characterize the vulnerability of plants to drought, providing a framework for identifying the locations and trait patterns that underlie functioning climate change refugia. Seasonal water relations, xylem hydraulic traits and remotely sensed vegetation indices of matched island and mainland field sites were used to compare the response of native plants from contrasting island and mainland sites to hotter droughts in the early 21st century. Island plants experienced more favorable water relations and resilience to recent drought. However, island plants displayed low plasticity/adaptation of hydraulic traits to local conditions, which indicates that relatively conserved traits of island plants underlie greater hydraulic safety and localized buffering from regional drought conditions. Our results provide an explanation for how California’s Channel Islands function as a regional climate refugia during past and current climate change and demonstrate a physiology-based approach for detecting potential climate change refugia in other systems.

Seasonal Changes in the Water Relations of Desert Plants

Ecology ◽  
1923 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith B. Shreve
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Desert Plants

scholarly journals Seasonal changes in carbohydrates, cyclitols, and water relations of 3 field grown Eucalyptus species from contrasting taxonomy on a common site

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Merchant ◽  
Stefan K. Arndt ◽  
Douglas M. Rowell ◽  
Sabine Posch ◽  
Andrew Callister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Common Site

The basics of plant hydraulics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e001
Author(s):  
Hervé Cochard
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Plant Hydraulics

This short text gives the fundamentals of plant hydraulics and its impact of their water relations and gas exchanges.

scholarly journals Vacuolar status and water relations in embryonic axes of recalcitrant Aesculus hippocastanum seeds during stratification and early germination

AoB Plants ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie V. Obroucheva ◽  
Snezhana V. Lityagina ◽  
Galina V. Novikova ◽  
Irina A. Sin'kevich
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Early Germination

Seasonal changes in plant–water relations influence patterns of leaf display in Miombo woodlands: evidence of water conservative strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royd Vinya ◽  
Yadvinder Malhi ◽  
Nick D Brown ◽  
Joshua B Fisher ◽  
Timothy Brodribb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Plant Water Relations ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Miombo Woodlands

scholarly journals Evolution of C 4 plants: a new hypothesis for an interaction of CO 2 and water relations mediated by plant hydraulics

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1588) ◽  
pp. 583-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin P. Osborne ◽  
Lawren Sack
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
High Light ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Evolutionary Transitions ◽  
Physiological Models ◽  
Plant Hydraulics ◽  
Selective Agents ◽  
Environmental Transitions ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
New Hypothesis

C 4 photosynthesis has evolved more than 60 times as a carbon-concentrating mechanism to augment the ancestral C 3 photosynthetic pathway. The rate and the efficiency of photosynthesis are greater in the C 4 than C 3 type under atmospheric CO 2 depletion, high light and temperature, suggesting these factors as important selective agents. This hypothesis is consistent with comparative analyses of grasses, which indicate repeated evolutionary transitions from shaded forest to open habitats. However, such environmental transitions also impact strongly on plant–water relations. We hypothesize that excessive demand for water transport associated with low CO 2 , high light and temperature would have selected for C 4 photosynthesis not only to increase the efficiency and rate of photosynthesis, but also as a water-conserving mechanism. Our proposal is supported by evidence from the literature and physiological models. The C 4 pathway allows high rates of photosynthesis at low stomatal conductance, even given low atmospheric CO 2 . The resultant decrease in transpiration protects the hydraulic system, allowing stomata to remain open and photosynthesis to be sustained for longer under drying atmospheric and soil conditions. The evolution of C 4 photosynthesis therefore simultaneously improved plant carbon and water relations, conferring strong benefits as atmospheric CO 2 declined and ecological demand for water rose.

scholarly journals Water relations and hydraulic architecture in Cerrado trees: adjustments to seasonal changes in water availability and evaporative demand

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra J. Bucci ◽  
Fabian G. Scholz ◽  
Guillermo Goldstein ◽  
Frederick C. Meinzer ◽  
Augusto C. Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Hydraulic Architecture ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Water Deficits

We determined adjustments in physiology and morphology that allow Neotropical savanna trees from central Brazil (Cerrado) to avoid water deficits and to maintain a nearly constant internal water balance despite seasonal changes in precipitation and air saturation deficit (D). Precipitation in the study area is highly seasonal with about five nearly rainless months during which D is two fold higher compared to wet season values. As a consequence of the seasonal fluctuations in rainfall and D, soil water potential changes substantially in the upper 100 cm of soil, but remains nearly constant below 2 m depth. Hydraulic architecture and water relations traits of Cerrado trees adjusted during the dry season to prevent increasing water deficits and insure homeostasis in minimum leaf water potential ψL and in total daily water loss per plant (isohydry). The isohydric behavior of Cerrado trees was the result of a decrease in total leaf surface area per tree, a strong stomatal control of evaporative losses, an increase in leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity and leaf hydraulic conductance and an increase in the amount of water withdrawn from internal stem storage, during the dry season. Water transport efficiency increased in the same proportion in leaves and terminal stems during the dry season. All of these seasonal adjustments were important for maintaining ψL above critical thresholds, which reduces the rate of embolism formation in stems and help to avoid turgor loss in leaf tissues still during the dry season. These adjustments allow the stems of most Cerrado woody species to operate far from the point of catastrophic dysfunction for cavitation, while leaves operate close to it and experience embolism on a daily basis, especially during the dry season.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document