scholarly journals Microsatellites used to establish full pedigree in a half-sib trial and correlation between number of male strobili and paternal success

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 703-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole K. Hansen ◽  
Ulrik B. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Paternal Success ◽  
Male Strobili

Microsporogenesis in Larix laricina

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peter Hall
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Abnormal Chromosome ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Larix Laricina ◽  
Normal Pattern ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Male Strobili

Microsporogenesis was studied in Larix laricina in eastern Newfoundland at weekly intervals from October to April in four successive seasons. Male strobili were fixed in a 3:1 ethanol – propionic acid mixture, stained in alcoholic carmine, and squashed in 45% acetic acid.Pollen mother cells began development from interphase in early October and passed through leptotene, zygotene, and pachytene by mid-November. They remained in diplotene until mid-March to early April when meiosis was completed over a 2-to 4-week period. Microspores were produced by early May. The pattern of meiotic divisions, their duration, and variability within and between trees in L. laricina was similar to those reported for L. decidua, L. kaempferi, L. sibirica, and L. eurolepis.Deviation from the normal pattern occurred infrequently. In six trees the "resting diplotene" of winter was interrupted on one occasion and some male strobili had a "delayed meiosis" which occurred several days after meiosis in all other sampled strobili. Abnormal chromosome separations were observed on a few occasions; these consisted mostly of lagging chromosomes, a common abnormality in Larix meiosis. The implications for pollen development and seed yield are discussed.La microsporogénèse chez Larix laricina dans l'est de Terre-Neuve a été étudiée à intervalles hebdomadaires d'octobre à avril, pendant quatre années successives. Les strobiles mâles étaient fixés dans un mélange 3 : 1 d'éthanol – acide propionique, colorés au carmin alcoolique et écrasés dans l'acide acétique 45%.

scholarly journals Stem Branching of Cycad Plants Informs Horticulture and Conservation Decisions

Horticulturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler ◽  
Michael Calonje
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Conservation Decisions ◽  
Male Strobili ◽  
Number Of Branches

The number of branches in male and female plants of Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill, Cycas edentata de Laub., Cycas wadei Merr., and Zamia encephalartoides D.W. Stev. were counted in Guam, Philippines, and Colombia, to confirm earlier reports that female plants develop fewer branches than males. Cycas plants produce determinate male strobili and indeterminate female strobili, but Zamia plants produce determinate strobili for both sexes. More than 80% of the female trees for each of the Cycas species were unbranched with a single stem, but more than 80% of the male trees exhibited two or more branches. The mean number of branches on male plants was more than double that of female plants. The number of branches of the Zamia male plants was almost triple that of female plants. Moreover, the Zamia plants produced 2.8-fold greater numbers of branches than the mean of the Cycas plants. Most of Guam’s unsexed C. micronesica trees in 2004 were unbranched, but after 15 years of damage from non-native insect herbivores, most of the remaining live trees in 2020 contained three or more branches. The results confirm that male Cycas and Zamia plants produce more branches than female plants and suggest cycad species with determinate female strobili produce more branches on female plants than species with indeterminate female strobili. Our results indicate that the years of plant mortality on Guam due to non-native insect herbivores have selectively killed more female C. micronesica trees. Horticulture and conservation decisions may be improved with this sexual dimorphism knowledge.

scholarly journals Demonstration of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Identifying Markers for Wood Property and Male Strobili Traits in Cryptomeria japonica

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e79866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Uchiyama ◽  
Hiroyoshi Iwata ◽  
Yoshinari Moriguchi ◽  
Tokuko Ujino-Ihara ◽  
Saneyoshi Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptomeria Japonica ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Wood Property ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Male Strobili

scholarly journals Fertility Variation and Genetic Diversity in a Clonal Seed Orchard of Cryptomeria japonica

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kang ◽  
Y. A. El-Kassaby ◽  
M. S. Chung ◽  
C. S. Kim ◽  
Y. J. Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cryptomeria Japonica ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Fertility Variation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Status Number ◽  
Census Number ◽  
Male Strobilus ◽  
Male Strobili

Abstract Clonal differences in fertility (expressed as the number of female and male strobili) were determined for three consecutive years (2002-2004) in a clonal seed orchard of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) in Korea. Fertility varied among clones and among years producing three-year averages of 196 and 652 for female and male strobili per ramet, respectively. Correlation between female and male strobilus production was positive over the three years and statistically significant in 2003, a good flowering year. Based on the observed fertility variation, the status numbers (Ns, measure of genetic diversity) were calculated and varied from 25.6 to 31.7 among the three studied years. On average (pooled), relative status number was 86% of the census number (N). Variation in female fertility was higher than that in male fertility, and this variation was reflected on female and male parents’ status numbers. Pooled Ns estimated from the three years was higher than that for any single year, implying that genetic diversity would increase when seeds collected from different years are pooled.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis of small RNAs expressed in developing male strobili of Cryptomeria japonica

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e0193665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuko Ujino-Ihara ◽  
Saneyoshi Ueno ◽  
Kentaro Uchiyama ◽  
Norihiro Futamura
Keyword(s):  
Small Rnas ◽  
Cryptomeria Japonica ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Male Strobili

In vitro culture of western red cedar (Thuja plicata). II. Induction of male strobili from vegetative shoot tips

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren K. Coleman ◽  
Trevor A. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Vegetative Shoot ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Male Strobili

Vegetative shoot tips of mature western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) were cultured on defined nutrient media. In the presence of high concentrations of various gibberellins, microsporangiate strobili were induced from the vegetative tips during an 8-week period under continuous illumination. No strobili were induced by GA3 under short-day (SD; 8-h photoperiod) conditions or continuous darkness. The ontogenetic stages of strobilus induction and development in culture were similar to those reported for intact plants. Prolonged culture produced externally mature male strobili. However, histological examination of the sporogenous tissues revealed either abortion of the tissues or an apparent arrest in early meiosis. Wide concentration ranges of either IAA or NAA in the presence or absence of 1 × 10−4 M GA3 did not qualitatively modify the early development of male strobili or induce female strobili, although 1 × 10−4M IAA completely inhibited induction of the male strobili by GA3. Benzylaminopurine or kinetin suppressed the induction of male strobili by GA3, while Ethrel or abscisic acid at the concentrations tested had no apparent qualitative effects on microsporangiate strobili formation.

Development of flowering and the effect of pruning in a clonal seed orchard of lodgepole pine

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Fries
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Male Strobili

The development of female and male flowering among 20 clones was studied in a clonal seed orchard of lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta var. latifolia Engelm.) in central Sweden. Flowering in relation to height, crown volume, and pruning was also studied. Twelve years after grafting (7 years after field planting), female flowering averaged 43 strobili per graft while male strobili were few. Eighteen years from grafting, the number of female and male strobuli were 143 and 142, respectively. The female effective population size was around 80% of maximum and was stable during the whole period. The male effective population size increased from 25 to 68%. Index of monoecy increased from 58 to 81% of maximum. The results indicate that at around 18 years after grafting, female and male flowering were satisfactorily distributed among the clones. There were no clonal correlations between male flowering and female flowering, while correlations between years for those traits separately were strong. Male flowering showed stronger correlation to the size of the graft than female flowering.

A quantitative requirement for long day in the induction of staminate strobili by gibberellin in the conifer Cupressus arizonica

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Pharis ◽  
M. D. E. Ruddat ◽  
J. L. Glenn ◽  
W. Morf
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Indeterminate Growth ◽  
Photoperiodic Control ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Exogenous Gibberellin ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Cupressus Arizonica ◽  
Male Strobili

Induction of male strobili in Arizona cypress (Cupressus arizonica Greene) by exogenous gibberellin A3 (GA3) appears to have an absolute requirement for light, a quantitative requirement for long day (LD), and as shown by interruption of the dark periods, is in part under photoperiodic control. Under LD conditions the total number of new meristems produced is 10-fold greater than under short day (SD) even though this species exhibits indeterminate growth and does not set dormant buds under SD. Hence the total number of strobili resulting from GA3 application is higher under LD than under SD. However, strobili produced by GA3, when expressed as a percentage of the total number of meristems, is the same under both LD and SD, provided the GA3 concentration under SD is increased, and a longer period of time is allowed under SD. The factor(s) responsible for the enhanced meristem production under LD decrease(s) to an apparent steady state within the first 10 days after transfer of the plant to SD.

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