scholarly journals Surface‐modified nanosilica–chitinase (SiNp‐Chs)‐doped nano enzyme conjugate and its synergistic pesticidal activity with plant extracts against armyworm Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-134
Author(s):  
G. Narendrakumar ◽  
S. Karthick Raja Namasivayam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Enzyme Conjugate ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Efektivitas Campuran Ekstrak Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosal L.) dan Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) pada Mortalitas Larva Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Taufika ◽  
Setyo Andi Nugroho ◽  
Anni Nuraisyah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90 ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Spodoptera litura F. larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are polyphagous insects that cause damages to many types of plantations and horticulture that need to be protected. One of environmentally friendly method to protect ecological balance is the use of botanical insecticides whose bioactive compounds come from plant extracts. This study used a mixture of two plant extracts from A. squamosa leaves extract and C. domestica rhizome exstract (the mixed of experimental extracts). The mixed of experimental extracts are synergistic so that they are more effective and need a lower concentration to cause the mortality of S. litura larvae than the use of a single extract. The aims of the research were to know the efficacy of the mixed of experimental extracts on the mortality of S. litura larvae and determine the value of LC50 and LC90 extract test on its mortality. The initial and efficacy test were conducted by bait dip into the mixed of experimental extracts. The mortality data were analyzed using ANAVA, then continued by Duncan test and Probit analysis. The results of this research showed that the mixed of experimental extracts were effective to kill S. litura larvae. The calculated result of LC50 and LC90 showed that the LC50 value of the experimental extracts on the second and the third instar larvae were 5.252 ppm and 10.559 ppm, respectively, and the LC90 value for both instar larvae were 11.124 ppm and 13.638 ppm, respectively. It could be concluded that the mixed of experimental extracts is effective in S. litura larvae mortality and more effective in the mortality of the second instar larvae than that of the third instar larvae. Therefore, this test extract mixture can be developed further in a greenhouse to evaluate the effectiveness in the mortality of S. litura larvae which can be used as an alternative to controlling S. litura larvae with an environmentally friendly material in farmers.   Keywords: control, extract, mortality, Spodoptera litura

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Farlow) Kepler, S.A. Rehner and Humber isolates against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and their extracellular enzymatic activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurmehar Kaur Grewal ◽  
Neelam Joshi ◽  
Yadhu Suneja
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Extracellular Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious agricultural pest that infests many commercially important crops of Southeast Asian countries. Indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides has led to various health hazards as well as insecticide resistance. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) provide an important alternative as biological control agents. Metarhizium rileyi is an EPF with a specific host range for lepidopteran pests. The present study aimed to identify virulent M. rileyi isolate against S. litura larvae and analyse their extracellular cuticle-degrading enzyme activities. Results Three M. rileyi isolates viz M. rileyi NIPHM, M. rileyi MTCC 4254 and M. rileyi MTCC 10395 formulations were evaluated at different concentrations against 2nd instar larvae of S. litura. A maximum percent mortality of 63.33% was recorded in M. rileyi NIPHM (12 g/l), followed by M. rileyi MTCC 4254 (58.33%) at the same concentration, 10 days post-treatment. Maximum means of chitinase, protease and lipase activities (0.44, 1.58 and 2.95 U/ml, respectively) were recorded in the case of M. rileyi NIPHM. Correlation analysis was positive between enzyme activity and larval mortality. Conclusions Metarhizium rileyi NIPHM recorded the highest enzymatic activity and exhibited the maximum mortality rate against 2nd instar larvae of S. litura, suggesting the possible role of these enzymes in the pathogenicity of the fungus. Further knowledge in this regard may help in the development of enzyme-based screening methods for selecting virulent fungal isolates for the eco-friendly management of crop pests.

High toxicity of camphene and γ-elemene from Wedelia prostrata essential oil against larvae of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 10383-10391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Benelli ◽  
Marimuthu Govindarajan ◽  
Mohamad S. AlSalhi ◽  
Sandhanasamy Devanesan ◽  
Filippo Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Wedelia Prostrata

Effect of Plant Essential Oils and Their Major Constituents on Cypermethrin Tolerance Associated Detoxification Enzyme Activities in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2167-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torranis Ruttanaphan ◽  
Wanchai Pluempanupat ◽  
Chutikan Aungsirisawat ◽  
Polnarong Boonyarit ◽  
Gaelle Le Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

Abstract Essential oils are well known to act as biopesticides. This research evaluated the acute toxicity and synergistic effect of essential oil compounds in combination with cypermethrin against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The effects of distillation extracts of essential oils from Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae (Zingiberales) rhizomes and Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae (Lamiales) leaves; one of their primary essential oil compounds 1,8-cineole; and linalool were studied on second-instar S. litura by topical application under laboratory conditions. The results showed that A. galanga had the highest control efficiency, whereas1,8-cineole provided a moderate efficacy. The mixtures of linalool, 1,8-cineole, O. basilicum, or A. galanga with cypermethrin were synergistic on mortality. Activity measurements of the main detoxification enzymes show that linalool and 1,8-cineole inhibit the activity of cytochromes P450 and carboxylesterases, which could explain their synergistic effect. Based on our results, the use of these mixtures represents an ideal eco-friendly approach, helping to manage cypermethrin resistance of S. litura.

Pre-treatment with melatonin decreases abamectin induced toxicity in a nocturnal insect Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanian P. Subala ◽  
Eduardo E. Zubero ◽  
Moises A. Alatorre-Jimenez ◽  
Muthugounder S. Shivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae
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