scholarly journals BioInspired, BioDriven, BioMADE: The U.S. Bioindustrial Manufacturing and Design Ecosystem as a driver of the 4 th Industrial Revolution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick P. Rose ◽  
Douglas Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The U.S

KNOWING MORE AS KNOWING LESS? ALTERNATIVE HISTORIES OF COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN THE U.S. AND THE U.K.

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith W. Hoskin ◽  
Richard H. Macve
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The U.S

In attempting to understand the genesis and scope of modern cost and management accounting systems, accounting historians adopting what has been labeled a “Foucauldian” approach have been rewriting the history of key 18th and 19th century developments in the U.K. and U.S. through new evidence, new interpretation, and a refocusing of attention on familiar events. This is a “disciplinary” history which sees modern cost and management accounting as articulating a new kind of “expert disciplinary knowledge,” as well as exercising a “disciplinary power,” in the construction of a new human accountability. However, this “disciplinary” view has been challenged by more “economic rationalist” historians, e.g., Boyns and Edwards [1996] for the British Industrial Revolution and Tyson [1998] for the U.S., as being too narrowly concerned with labor control. This paper takes up the gauntlet. It addresses the theoretical issues and seeks to clarify the import of the “disciplinary view” and its contribution to understanding how 19th century accounting practices shaped emerging managerial discourses, initially in the U.S. It argues that, until businesses adopted this new disciplinarity, there remained an absence of practices focused on calculating human performance, and accounting was not fully deployed to construct that system of “administrative coordination” [Chandler, 1977] which distinguishes modern management action and control.

scholarly journals AI and Industry: Postings and Media Portrayals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Phinisee ◽  
◽  
Autumn Toney ◽  
Melissa Flagg
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Practical Reality ◽  
The Media ◽  
Job Postings ◽  
The U.S

Artificial intelligence is said to be transforming the global economy and society in what some dub the “fourth industrial revolution.” This data brief analyzes media representations of AI and the alignments, or misalignments, with job postings that include the AI-related skills needed to make AI a practical reality. This potential distortion is important as the U.S. Congress places an increasing emphasis on AI. If government funds are shifted away from other areas of science and technology, based partly on the representations that leaders and the public are exposed to in the media, it is important to understand how those representations align with real jobs across the country.

Notes from the Editors, January 2015

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
The Editors
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Index Volume ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Publishing Firm ◽  
Back Issue ◽  
Monthly Review ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

<div class="buynow"><a title="Back issue of Monthly Review, January 2015 (Volume 66, Number 8)" href="http://monthlyreview.org/back-issues/mr-066-08-2015-01/">buy this issue</a></div>The publication of socialist books in the United States has always encountered serious institutional obstacles. This can be seen in the enormous hurdles that stood in the way of the successful publication 130 years ago of the English translation of Engels&rsquo;s <em>The Condition of the Working Class in England </em>(1845)&mdash;today recognized as the classic account of the impact of the Industrial Revolution on workers. In 1885 Florence Kelley (-Wischnewetzky), the daughter of William D. Kelley, a U.S. Congressman and supporter of Lincoln, translated Engels&rsquo;s book into English. Her initial plan was to publish the translation in the United States with the respected publishing firm of G.P. Putnam &amp; Co. However, Putnam declined to publish it on the grounds that the book was outdated&hellip;and did not apply to U.S. industrialization, where such conditions of class exploitation were supposedly absent.&hellip; It is owing to these difficulties, associated with the U.S. publication of his book, that we have the benefit of some of Engels&rsquo;s more important comments regarding the problem of publishing socialist works in a capitalist society.<p class="mrlink">This article can also be found at the <a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-66-number-7" title="Vol. 66, No. 7: January 2015" target="_blank"><em>Monthly Review</em> website</a>, where most recent articles are published in full.</p><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-66-number-7" title="Vol. 66, No. 7: January 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>

Property Rights, Innovation, and Constitutional Structure

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Macey
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Other ◽  
James Madison ◽  
A Value ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The U.S

The Industrial Revolution caused an expansion of our ideas of property to include other forms of wealth, such as innovations and productive techniques. And the modern age has caused a further expansion of our ideas of property to include inchoate items, particularly information. The Framers of the U.S. Constitution presumed that government not only took an expansive view of the nature of property rights, they also believed that such rights should be protected. To James Madison and the other Framers, property was a “broad and majestic term” that “embraces everything which may have a value to which man may attach a right.”

Energy, transport, and consumption in the Industrial Revolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Tainter ◽  
Temis G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Underlying Assumption

Abstract We question Baumard's underlying assumption that humans have a propensity to innovate. Affordable transportation and energy underpinned the Industrial Revolution, making mass production/consumption possible. Although we cannot accept Baumard's thesis on the Industrial Revolution, it may help explain why complexity and innovation increase rapidly in the context of abundant energy.

Historical Introduction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
R. D. Heidenreich
Keyword(s):  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Secondary Emission ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Nobel Prize In Physics ◽  
Primary Electrons ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Mutual Agreement

This program has been organized by the EMSA to commensurate the 50th anniversary of the experimental verification of the wave nature of the electron. Davisson and Germer in the U.S. and Thomson and Reid in Britian accomplished this at about the same time. Their findings were published in Nature in 1927 by mutual agreement since their independent efforts had led to the same conclusion at about the same time. In 1937 Davisson and Thomson shared the Nobel Prize in physics for demonstrating the wave nature of the electron deduced in 1924 by Louis de Broglie.The Davisson experiments (1921-1927) were concerned with the angular distribution of secondary electron emission from nickel surfaces produced by 150 volt primary electrons. The motivation was the effect of secondary emission on the characteristics of vacuum tubes but significant deviations from the results expected for a corpuscular electron led to a diffraction interpretation suggested by Elasser in 1925.

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