scholarly journals AI and Industry: Postings and Media Portrayals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Phinisee ◽  
◽  
Autumn Toney ◽  
Melissa Flagg
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Practical Reality ◽  
The Media ◽  
Job Postings ◽  
The U.S

Artificial intelligence is said to be transforming the global economy and society in what some dub the “fourth industrial revolution.” This data brief analyzes media representations of AI and the alignments, or misalignments, with job postings that include the AI-related skills needed to make AI a practical reality. This potential distortion is important as the U.S. Congress places an increasing emphasis on AI. If government funds are shifted away from other areas of science and technology, based partly on the representations that leaders and the public are exposed to in the media, it is important to understand how those representations align with real jobs across the country.

scholarly journals Victims’ Rights and the Struggle over Crime in the Media

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie A. Rentschler
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Crime Victim ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Murder Victims ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Journalistic Practice ◽  
The U.S

Abstract: This paper seeks to explain how crime victims have become increasingly visible in the criminal justice system and in media portrayals of crime by looking to the U.S. victims’ rights movement and its strategic mobilization of a particular construction of “crime victim” into the public sphere. Through analysis of the movement’s documentation of its media strategies and new forms of victim-oriented journalistic practice, the paper demonstrates how the movement portrays crime through its construction of crime victims as a class of citizens without rights, through which the families of murder victims become proxy-victims. Résumé : Cet article cherche à expliquer la visibilité croissante des victimes de délits dans le système criminel de justice et dans les représentations de crime dans les médias en observant le mouvement des droits des victimes et sa mobilisation stratégique d’une construction spécifique de la “victime de délits” dans la sphère publique. Par l’analyse de la documentation que possède le mouvement de ses stratégies médiatiques et de nouvelles formes de pratiques journalistiques orientées vers les victimes, l’article démontre comment le mouvement dépeint le crime via une construction des victimes de délits en tant que classe de citoyens sans droits, où les familles des victimes de meurtre peuvent tenir lieu de victimes.

scholarly journals Generating Ambivalence: Media Representations of Canadian Transplant Tourism

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey McKay
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transplant Tourism ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Organ Trade

This article addresses transplant tourism as one facet of the international organ trade. It asks whether mainstream media portrayals of Canadian transplant tourist journeys convey messages supportive of stronger efforts to stop extra-territorial organ purchase. A postcolonial theoretical approach using Mary Louise Pratt’s study of travel writing is employed to conduct a discourse analysis of Canadian media and cultural representation from 1988 to 2015. The public learns that transplant tourism is “bad” but understandable, and either not our problem or a symptom of another problem. Three forms this message takes are: the broader organ trade is a distant and insurmountable problem; transplant tourists are innocent victims; and, resolution of a larger, national organ scarcity problem will end transplant tourism. I conclude that the media generates ambivalence towards the issue of transplant tourism. Reader attention is drawn away from health outcomes and human rights, especially of organ providers – reasons Canada might do more to stop transplant tourism – towards the challenges faced by transplant tourists, with the effect of eclipsing public discussion of whether and how to stop Canadians from buying organs in other countries. 

Party Messaging in the U.S. House of Representatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110297
Author(s):  
Tyler Hughes ◽  
Gregory Koger
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Legislative Agenda ◽  
The Media ◽  
Party Members ◽  
The U.S

Both Congressional parties compete to promote their own reputations while damaging the opposition party’s brand. This behavior affects both policy-making agendas and the party members’ communications with the media and constituents. While there has been ample study of partisan influence on legislative agenda-setting and roll call voting behavior, much less is known about the parties’ efforts to shape the public debate. This paper analyzes two strategic decisions of parties: the timing of collective efforts to influence the public policy debate and the substantive content of these “party messaging” events. These dynamics are analyzed using a unique dataset of 50,195 one-minute speeches delivered on the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1989 to 2016. We find a pattern of strategic matching—both parties are more likely to engage in concurrent messaging efforts, often on the same issue.

scholarly journals Corporate Governance of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Interest

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Peter Cihon ◽  
Jonas Schuett ◽  
Seth D. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media ◽  
The U.S

Corporations play a major role in artificial intelligence (AI) research, development, and deployment, with profound consequences for society. This paper surveys opportunities to improve how corporations govern their AI activities so as to better advance the public interest. The paper focuses on the roles of and opportunities for a wide range of actors inside the corporation—managers, workers, and investors—and outside the corporation—corporate partners and competitors, industry consortia, nonprofit organizations, the public, the media, and governments. Whereas prior work on multistakeholder AI governance has proposed dedicated institutions to bring together diverse actors and stakeholders, this paper explores the opportunities they have even in the absence of dedicated multistakeholder institutions. The paper illustrates these opportunities with many cases, including the participation of Google in the U.S. Department of Defense Project Maven; the publication of potentially harmful AI research by OpenAI, with input from the Partnership on AI; and the sale of facial recognition technology to law enforcement by corporations including Amazon, IBM, and Microsoft. These and other cases demonstrate the wide range of mechanisms to advance AI corporate governance in the public interest, especially when diverse actors work together.

scholarly journals Media and War

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Media Representations ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Spanish American War ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Future ◽  
Yellow Journalism ◽  
The Media ◽  
Television Media ◽  
Over Time

Representations of war in the media have changed drastically over time. Like the media representations of war, the American public's view of wars has also shifted over time; this is often a result of the media portrayals of war events. This paper examines the role of newspaper, yellow journalism, and sensationalism writing during the Spanish-American War on the American public's support for the war and juxtaposes this with television media accounts of the American war in Vietnam and how this created public disapproval for the war. Both had everlasting effects on US war policy for the future.

scholarly journals The positive representation of the image of women in the media

Comunicar ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
Núria García-Muñoz ◽  
Luisa del Carmen Martínez-García
Keyword(s):  
Gender Issues ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Representation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

This article aims to outline the positive assessments made by the public, through the service of the Catalan Women’s Institute (ICD) on speeches containing media representations of gender. It is a way to illustrate how the products of cultural industries are part of the audience’s social imaginary and how it is able to identify and assess constructive representations of gender. The media and audience as agents of social change suggest ways of teaching on gender issues. Finally, the text encourages us to think about the possibility of creating and enhancing educational strategies to form a critical audience that generates proposals, guidelines, a discourse on gender according to social reality.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir las valoraciones positivas realizadas por la ciudadanía a través del servicio del Instituto Catalán de las Mujeres (ICD) sobre los discursos mediáticos que contienen representaciones de género. Es una forma de ilustrar cómo los productos de las industrias culturales forman parte del imaginario social de la audiencia y cómo ésta es capaz de identificar, valorar, las representaciones constructivas de género. Los medios de comunicación y la audiencia como agentes sociales de cambio sugieren vías pedagógicas sobre cuestiones de género. Finalmente, el texto nos anima a pensar en la posibilidad de crear y potenciar estrategias educativas para formar una audiencia crítica que genere propuestas, pautas, sobre un discurso de género acorde a la realidad social.

How to Better Manage Public Expectations and Information Concerning Oil and Chemical Spill Response

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 300295
Author(s):  
Doug Helton ◽  
Vicki Loe
Keyword(s):  
Technical Information ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
Natural Resource Damage Assessment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Response Decisions ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Mechanical Recovery

NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R) provides scientific expertise to support incident response and initiates natural resource damage assessment both in the U.S. and internationally. Although OR&R has responded to every major spill in the U.S. over the past 35 years, OR&R continues to face challenges in communicating realistic expectations of response outcomes, in having technical products interpreted correctly by the public, and communicating the degree of uncertainty surrounding such events. Unlike hurricanes, and because large spills are rare and generally man-made, the public expects rapid, complete, and accurate information on the fate and effects, even as the spill event is still unfolding and the response is on-going. An example of a product that is frequently confusing to the public is the OR&R trajectory map, the modeling tool used to predict the possible route of an oil spill. These maps are frequently misinterpreted as the footprint of the spill as opposed to where the oil might go. Another common misconception concerns how much oil can be recovered following a spill. Given the limitations of mechanical recovery, and the rapidity with which oil spreads, evaporates, and disperses at sea, it is impossible to recover all of the spilled oil. Furthermore, oil may be left in environmentally sensitive areas because the attempt to recover the oil could cause irreparable damage. As a result, mechanical recovery generally accounts for less than 5-20% of the overall oil budget, yet the public has an expectation that the goal of a response is to remove all of the oil from the environment. Public pressure, based on these expectations, may result is response decisions that cause more harm than good. This poster will detail a project that will give recommendations on how to manage public expectations on spill response and communicate technical information through the media and elsewhere. The goal of this project, which will be detailed on our poster, is to make OR&R a reliable and comprehensive source of information on ongoing or past spill events and close the disconnect caused by differing expectations.

A Century of Experimentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-769
Author(s):  
Alexey Ivanov ◽  
Elena Voinikanis
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Mode Of Production

The Soviet system of knowledge production based on cooperation, knowledge sharing, but also intense competition was already an inspiration for innovation policymakers in the U.S. and in Europe back in the 1950 and 1960s. Nowadays, as the global economy is moving towards a new mode of production, the Soviet case may still play an important role to help to frame a better institutional approach to innovation. With the dramatic challenges already brought by the fourth industrial revolution and the tectonic economic and social shifts it is expected to cause around the world, the Soviet case with all its pros and cons is becoming more and more relevant for this debate as it provides necessary empirical data to consider other institutional approaches to innovation distinct from the established property-focused model. In this context, intellectual property and competition law scholars hopefully would better understand the Soviet innovation system through further academic studies.

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