Effect of ambient water vapour on stability of lithium niobate electro-optic waveguide devices

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Beaumont ◽  
B.E. Daymond-John ◽  
R.C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Waveguide Devices ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Optic Waveguide

High Performance Hermetic Package For LiNbO 3 Electro-Optic Waveguide Devices

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Preston ◽  
B. M. Macdonald ◽  
R. A. Harmon ◽  
C. W. Ford ◽  
R. N. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Waveguide Devices ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Optic Waveguide ◽  
Hermetic Package

Epitaxially induced secondary grain growth in Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 424-425
Author(s):  
M. A. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Waveguide Devices ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electro Optic

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is one of the most promising materials for use in hybrid optical waveguide devices because of its high electro-optic coefficient and its availability as large single crystals. Optical waveguides in LiNbO3 are most commonly made by Ti indiffusion in which strips of Ti metal (between 10 and 100 nm thick) are deposited on a single crystal LiNbO3 substrate. The device is then heated to temperatures around 1000°C typically for 6 hours. During this time, the Ti diffuses into the LiNbO3 to form a Ti-rich LiNbO3 solid solution. This solid solution has a higher refractive index than the substrate and forms the waveguide region. Factors controlling the indiffusion process, however, are not very well understood and very little is known about the microstructural changes which occur during Ti indiffusion. In this study, the microstructure of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides was examined as a function of time and temperature using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

LiNbO3 High Speed Travelling Wave Electro-Optic Waveguide Devices

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Beaumont ◽  
K. R. Preston ◽  
B. M. Macdonald ◽  
R. N. Shaw ◽  
R. A. Harmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Waveguide Devices ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Optic Waveguide

The case for electro-optic waveguide devices from ferroelectric (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O 3 thin film epilayers

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ørnulf Nordseth ◽  
Jon Øyvind Kjellman ◽  
Change Chuan You ◽  
Arne Røyset ◽  
Thomas Tybell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Waveguide Devices ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Optic Waveguide

Silicon lithium niobate electro-optic waveguide modulator structures in the parallel-plate configuration

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (21) ◽  
pp. 3981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Robinson ◽  
Christopher W. Pitt ◽  
Rod A. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Optic Waveguide ◽  
Waveguide Modulator

Simulation studies of silicon electro‐optic waveguide devices

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 4964-4970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Giguere ◽  
Lionel Friedman ◽  
Richard A. Soref ◽  
Joseph P. Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Waveguide Devices ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Optic Waveguide

scholarly journals Electro-Optic Control of Lithium Niobate Bulk Whispering Gallery Resonators: Analysis of the Distribution of Externally Applied Electric Fields

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Yannick Minet ◽  
Hans Zappe ◽  
Ingo Breunig ◽  
Karsten Buse
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Parametric Oscillation ◽  
Pockels Effect ◽  
Optical Mode ◽  
Cylindrical Resonator ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Electro Optic

Whispering gallery resonators made out of lithium niobate allow for optical parametric oscillation and frequency comb generation employing the outstanding second-order nonlinear-optical properties of this material. An important knob to tune and control these processes is, e.g., the linear electro-optic effect, the Pockels effect via externally applied electric fields. Due to the shape of the resonators a precise prediction of the electric field strength that affects the optical mode is non-trivial. Here, we study the average strength of the electric field in z-direction in the region of the optical mode for different configurations and geometries of lithium niobate whispering gallery resonators with the help of the finite element method. We find that in some configurations almost 100% is present in the cavity compared to the ideal case of a cylindrical resonator. Even in the case of a few-mode resonator with a very thin rim we find a strength of 90%. Our results give useful design considerations for future arrangements that may benefit from the strong electro-optic effect in bulk whispering gallery resonators made out of lithium niobate.

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