Рассматривается состояние эндемичных байкальских амфипод в р. Енисей, приводятся результаты экспедиционных исследований. Отмечается факт многоразового увеличения количества амфипод в Енисее после зарегулирования плотиной Красноярской ГЭС. Данные гидробиологического мониторинга оформлены в виде геопространственной базы данных на геопортале, который предоставляет возможности визуализации результатов исследований в виде интерактивных тематических карт, прямого доступа к данным через картографические веб-сервисы из
современных ГИС.
The purpose. The purpose of the work is the theoretical and practical studies
of the possibilities for using the geoinformation web-system modern technologies for
improving the efficiency of hydrobiological monitoring, and design of software tools of
data presentation and analysis for field research.
Methods. The technologies for development of distributed information systems
in multi-tier architecture, along with software interfaces and protocols, information
exchange standards are considered. The possibilities for using of geoinformation and
cartographic modelling methods for searching the relationship between the spatial
distributions of Baikal amphipods in the Yenisei river with different environmental
factors are investigated.
Results. The technologies and related software are developed for the considered
problem. The geospatial database is generated and filled with the results of own longterm
hydrobiological field studies, it has become an integral part of the geoportal of
ICM SB RAS, which was formed by the separate thematic section. The focus is on the
results of extensive field studies of the Yenisei implemented in 2015 and 2016. As to
database content, the information about the quantitative distribution of zoobenthos
(animals inhabiting the ponds bottom), in particular endemic Baikal amphipods, in
the area from Yenisei river headwaters to its delta was used. It was revealed that
the amphipods — the endemics of the Baikal lake — spread far beyond its limits not
only downward, but also upstream the Yenisei river. After the commissioning of the
Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station, their share in the total zoobenthos biomass
is increased by 10 times. Gmelinoides fasciatus crustacean is especially active; it has
massively populated the area of the Upper Yenisei river below the Sayano-Shushensky
reservoir. The density and the fraction of crustaceans in the zoobenthos in the area of
the Angara — Podkamennaya Tunguska has increased over the last 15 years.
Conclusions. Creation of a geospatial database alongside with the results of expeditionary
research and the introduction of a GIS web-system for information-analytical
support of hydrobiological monitoring significantly expands opportunities for the analysis
and presentation of geodata, forms the basis for interdisciplinary research.