Focused impedance method (FIM) and pigeon hole imaging (PHI) as two potentially low cost and simple modalities for different diagnostic applications

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

scholarly journals Diagnostic Capabilities of a Smartphone- Based Low-Cost Microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525
Author(s):  
Dorina Hasselbeck ◽  
Max B. Schäfer ◽  
Kent W. Stewart ◽  
Peter P. Pott
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

AbstractMicroscopy enables fast and effective diagnostics. However, in resource-limited regions microscopy is not accessible to everyone. Smartphone-based low-cost microscopes could be a powerful tool for diagnostic and educational purposes. In this paper, the imaging quality of a smartphone-based microscope with four different optical parameters is presented and a systematic overview of the resulting diagnostic applications is given. With the chosen configuration, aiming for a reasonable trade-off, an average resolution of 1.23 μm and a field of view of 1.12 mm2 was achieved. This enables a wide range of diagnostic applications such as the diagnosis of Malaria and other parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Aptamer Conformation Switching-Induced Two-Stage Amplification for Fluorescent Detection of Proteins

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Yu ◽  
Fenfen Zhai ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Zonghua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beacon ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Fluorescent Detection ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Recycling Amplification

Basing on the conformation change of aptamer caused by proteins, a simple and sensitive protein fluorescent assay strategy is proposed, which is assisted by the isothermal amplification reaction of polymerase and nicking endonuclease. In the presence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB), the natural conformation of a DNA aptamer would change into a Y-shaped complex, which could hybridize with a molecular beacon (MB) and form a DNA duplex, leading to the open state of the MB and generating a fluorescence signal. Subsequently, with further assistance of isothermal recycling amplification strategies, the designed aptamer sensing platform showed an increment of fluorescence. As a benefit of this amplified strategy, the limit of detection (LOD) was lowered to 0.74 ng/mL, which is much lower than previous reports. This strategy not only offers a new simple, specific, and efficient platform to quantify the target protein in low concentrations, but also shows a powerful approach without multiple washing steps, as well as a precious implementation that has the potential to be integrated into portable, low-cost, and simplified devices for diagnostic applications.

scholarly journals Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Immunosensors as Diagnostic Tools

Electrochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-28
Author(s):  
Rosaceleste Zumpano ◽  
Francesca Polli ◽  
Cristine D’Agostino ◽  
Riccarda Antiochia ◽  
Gabriele Favero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Electrochemical Immunosensors ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Scientific Fields

Electrochemical immunosensors are affinity-based biosensors characterized by several useful features such as specificity, miniaturizability, low cost and simplicity, making them very interesting for many applications in several scientific fields. One of the significant issues in the design of electrochemical immunosensors is to increase the system’s sensitivity. Different strategies have been developed, one of the most common is the use of nanostructured materials as electrode materials, nanocarriers, electroactive or electrocatalytic nanotracers because of their abilities in signal amplification and biocompatibility. In this review, we will consider some of the most used nanostructures employed in the development of electrochemical immunosensors (e.g., metallic nanoparticles, graphene, carbon nanotubes) and many other still uncommon nanomaterials. Furthermore, their diagnostic applications in the last decade will be discussed, referring to two relevant issues of present-day: the detection of tumor markers and viruses.

Case Series: Superficial Sonography in Urgent Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 875647932110554
Author(s):  
Garth S. Nanni ◽  
Samantha Cofsky
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imaging Protocols ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Outpatient Settings

Sonography is an essential imaging modality, known for its real-time capabilities, relative low cost, and multiple diagnostic applications. Although there are protocols which are well-established for specific examinations, there are not clear guidelines for sonographic examinations of soft tissues. Many sonographers have to establish their own imaging protocols when completing a soft tissue examination. This case series details five soft tissue examinations that represent just a few of the clinical requests generated in an Urgent Care (UC) facility. Since UC usage has increased over the past several years, it appears likely that any sonographer working in such outpatient settings will benefit from as much exposure to soft tissue examinations as possible.

scholarly journals Visible colorimetric growth indicators of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for low-cost diagnostic applications

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252961
Author(s):  
Taylor Mae Oeschger ◽  
David Carl Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Colorimetric System ◽  
Ph Indicators ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Growth Indicators

N. gonorrhoeae is one of the most pressing antibiotic resistant threats of our time and low-cost diagnostics that can easily identify antibiotic resistance are desperately needed. However, N. gonorrhoeae responds so uniquely to growth conditions that it cannot be assumed gonorrhea will respond to common microbiological methods used for other pathogenic organisms. In this paper, we explore visual colorimetric indicators of N. gonorrhoeae growth that can be seen without a microscope or spectrophotometer. We evaluate growth media, pH indicators, resazurin-based dyes, and tetrazolium-based dyes for their use in simple colorimetric system. Overall, we identified Graver Wade media as the best at supporting robust gonococcal growth while also providing the least background when analyzing results of colorimetric tests. XTT, a tetrazolium-based dye, proved to show to brightest color change over time and not negatively impact the natural growth of N. gonorrhoeae. However, other dyes including PrestoBlue, MTT, and NBT are less expensive than XTT and work well when added after bacterial growth has already occurred. By identifying the specific use cases of these dyes, this research lays the groundwork for future development of a color-based antibiotic susceptibility low-cost test for N. gonorrhoeae.

Microsystems for Blood Cell Counting

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Niccolò Piacentini ◽  
Danilo Demarchi ◽  
Pierluigi Civera ◽  
Marco Knaflitz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Differential Analysis ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Working Set ◽  
Blood Cell Counting

This paper presents two biomedical microsystems for blood cell counting, designed and built through MultiMEMS Multi-Project Wafer (MPW) service and the microBUILDER European project. Dies mm in size, made of a micromachined glass-silicon-glass triple stack, host two new kinds of multiple micro-counters, suitable to investigate the feasibility of blood cell differential analysis by means of Coulter principle in a monolithic lab-on-a-chip, which integrates a microfluidic network, sensing metal electrodes and light-guiding structures. Within these devices, impedance method gains some innovative features, both from microsystem technology itself (low consumptions of chemicals, better analytical performances, low dead volumes in multifunctional interconnected networks, parallel high-throughput processing, low-cost mass production) and from new project solutions: self-aligning illumination allows to use compact external sources (i.e, LEDs) and requires no delicate optics. Different working set-ups (ranging from series with fixed control volume to parallel differential) can be achieved by adding only few external components. It is finally possible to combine electrical and optical measurements, oriented to multi-feature classification of cell sub-populations.

Development of a Highly Miniaturized PQT-Sensor for Monitoring and Diagnosing of Pneumatic Systems

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Sosna ◽  
Rainer Buchner ◽  
Walter Lang ◽  
Wolfgang Benecke ◽  
Christian Boehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
First Principles ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Measuring Range ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Design Proposal

In this paper a feasibility study of a micromachined PQT-sensor for measurement of pressure (P), flow rate (Q), and temperature (T) for diagnostic applications in pneumatic systems is presented. As a low cost device this innovative PQT-sensor has to fulfill different kinds of criteria such as wide measuring range, fast response time, high resolution and high accuracy for diagnosing the health status of a pneumatic system. By using micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) technologies small high-performance sensors were fabricated which fulfill all these criteria. At first, principles will be described that have been chosen for measurement of pressure, flow and temperature that will be used for the PQT-sensor. A design proposal for the sensor will be presented and verified with analytical calculations to show its applicability.

scholarly journals Lateral flow assays

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna M. Koczula ◽  
Andrea Gallotta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Portable Detection ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the technology behind low-cost, simple, rapid and portable detection devices popular in biomedicine, agriculture, food and environmental sciences. This review presents an overview of the principle of the method and the critical components of the assay, focusing on lateral flow immunoassays. This type of assay has recently attracted considerable interest because of its potential to provide instantaneous diagnosis directly to patients. The range and interpretation of results and parameters used for evaluation of the assay will also be discussed. The main advantages and disadvantages of LFAs will be summarized and relevant future improvements to testing devices and strategies will be proposed. Finally, the major recent advances and future diagnostic applications in the LFA field will be explored.

scholarly journals Paper-based smart microfluidics for education and low-cost diagnostics

2015 ◽  
Vol Volume 111 (Number 11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Smith ◽  
Klariska Moodley ◽  
Ureshnie Govender ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Louis Fourie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
South African ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Paper Based Microfluidics ◽  
African Context ◽  
External Equipment ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Abstract Current centralised healthcare models pose many challenges, particularly for developing countries such as South Africa, where travel and time costs make it difficult for patients to seek healthcare, even when urgently needed. To address this issue, point-of-care (PoC) tests, which are performed at or near the site of clinical care, have gained popularity and are actively being developed. Microfluidic systems, in which small volumes of fluids can be processed, provide an ideal platform on which to develop PoC diagnostic solutions. Specifically, the emerging field of paper-based microfluidics, with advantages such as low-cost, disposability and minimal external equipment requirements, provides unique opportunities for addressing healthcare issues in developing countries. This work explores the field of paper-based microfluidics, with step-by-step instructions on the design, manufacture and testing processes to realise paper-based devices towards diagnostic applications. Paper-based microfluidic and electronic components are presented, as well as the integration of these components to provide smart paper-based devices. This serves as an educational tool, enabling both beginners and experts in the field to fast-track development of unique paper-based solutions towards PoC diagnostics, with emphasis on the South African context, where both the need for and impact of these solutions are great.

Electrode and electrodeless impedance measurement for determination of orange juices parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Seidlová ◽  
Jaroslav Poživil ◽  
Jaromír Seidl ◽  
Stanislav Ďaďo ◽  
Petra Průšová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Element Approximation ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Circuit Components

AbstractElectrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a non-destructive, rapid and real-time measurement method which does not require special high-tech measurement devices and can be applied to food quality assessment. This method is rapid, effective and affords low-cost investigation of the product. The conventional EIS method requires a set of metal electrodes in direct contact with the medium to be measured. The complicated electrochemical processes on the electrodes-electrolyte interface could substantially affect the value of the impedance measured. The present study sought to explore the possibilities of using the impedance method for quality control in orange juices, to introduce the electrodeless method of electrolyte impedance measurement and to compare this with the conventional impedance methods. The electrical properties of the orange juices were described with the help of an equivalent circuit. An equivalent circuit was designed with constant phase element approximation. The values of the equivalent circuit components were fitted using a non-standard algorithm inspired by the behaviour of actual ant colonies. Implementing the electrodeless method obviated the electrodes phenomena effects and the behaviour of the electrolyte is similar to inductance. The proposed electrodeless method is generally applicable to measuring the electrochemical properties of electrolytes.

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