Stepping Outside of the Box: Using Psychology-Based Methodology To Investigate Temperamental Variables in Children Who Stutter

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Kia N. Johnson ◽  
Kristen M. Johnson ◽  
Elizabeth A. O’Malley
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
And Behavior

The purpose of this paper is to raise interest in the use of methodological techniques grounded in developmental psychology to best answer empirical questions about temperamental aspects of stuttering in young children. Empirical studies that examine the temperament of children who stutter based on commonly used developmental psychology research methods—questionnaires and behavior observational tasks—will be reviewed. The benefits and drawbacks of this methodology will also be discussed. Last, suggestions for research or clinical application will also be discussed.

scholarly journals Attachment Parenting: A Media Activity for Developmental Psychology Research Methods

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Sy ◽  
Edna Brown ◽  
Jennifer Amsterlaw ◽  
Jennifer Myers
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Methods Course ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
News Magazine ◽  
Tv News ◽  
Attachment Parenting ◽  
General Topic

The purpose of the activity described here is help students apply course concepts to a ‘real-world’ issue, understand how to develop a specific research study from a general topic, and become more critical consumers of information. The activity required students to critically analyse claims about a new method of parenting presented in a TV news magazine show. Quantitative and qualitative data gathered from students indicate that they found the exercises interesting and useful in helping them both understand and apply concepts they learned in their developmental psychology research methods course.

Culture, names and economic development

2016 ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
E. Borisova ◽  
A. Kulkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
And Behavior

Various components of culture have long been in the focus of economic research. Numerous empirical studies show that cultural norms, as well as religion and language, matter for economic development and have not only statistical but also economic significance. This paper considers various examples of how culture can affect individual values and behavior. It also deals with personal names as a key marker of one’s cultural identity. Overall, the paper contributes to the more profound understanding of a famous notion that "culture matters", and helps clarify the mechanisms through which culture exerts its influence.

Temporal Focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie J. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Future ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Temporal Focus

Temporal focus is the individual tendency to characteristically think more or less about the past, present, and future. Although originally rooted in early work from psychology, research on temporal focus has been steadily growing in a number of research areas, particularly since Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999) influential article on the topic. This chapter will review temporal focus research from the past to the present, including how temporal focus has been conceptualized and measured, and which correlates and outcomes have been tested in terms of well-being and behavior. Based on this review, an agenda for research is created to direct temporal focus research in the future.

scholarly journals Nutritional Support of Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Function in Infants and Young Children—An Update and Novel Insights

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Kathrin Cohen Kadosh ◽  
Leilani Muhardi ◽  
Panam Parikh ◽  
Melissa Basso ◽  
Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Neurocognitive Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Proper nutrition is crucial for normal brain and neurocognitive development. Failure to optimize neurodevelopment early in life can have profound long-term implications for both mental health and quality of life. Although the first 1000 days of life represent the most critical period of neurodevelopment, the central and peripheral nervous systems continue to develop and change throughout life. All this time, development and functioning depend on many factors, including adequate nutrition. In this review, we outline the role of nutrients in cognitive, emotional, and neural development in infants and young children with special attention to the emerging roles of polar lipids and high quality (available) protein. Furthermore, we discuss the dynamic nature of the gut-brain axis and the importance of microbial diversity in relation to a variety of outcomes, including brain maturation/function and behavior are discussed. Finally, the promising therapeutic potential of psychobiotics to modify gut microbial ecology in order to improve mental well-being is presented. Here, we show that the individual contribution of nutrients, their interaction with other micro- and macronutrients and the way in which they are organized in the food matrix are of crucial importance for normal neurocognitive development.

scholarly journals Pilot clinical application of an adaptive robotic system for young children with autism

Autism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esubalew Bekele ◽  
Julie A Crittendon ◽  
Amy Swanson ◽  
Nilanjan Sarkar ◽  
Zachary E Warren
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Young Children With Autism

scholarly journals The weirdest people in the world?

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 61-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Henrich ◽  
Steven J. Heine ◽  
Ara Norenzayan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Phenomenon

AbstractBehavioral scientists routinely publish broad claims about human psychology and behavior in the world's top journals based on samples drawn entirely from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Researchers – often implicitly – assume that either there is little variation across human populations, or that these “standard subjects” are as representative of the species as any other population. Are these assumptions justified? Here, our review of the comparative database from across the behavioral sciences suggests both that there is substantial variability in experimental results across populations and that WEIRD subjects are particularly unusual compared with the rest of the species – frequent outliers. The domains reviewed include visual perception, fairness, cooperation, spatial reasoning, categorization and inferential induction, moral reasoning, reasoning styles, self-concepts and related motivations, and the heritability of IQ. The findings suggest that members of WEIRD societies, including young children, are among the least representative populations one could find for generalizing about humans. Many of these findings involve domains that are associated with fundamental aspects of psychology, motivation, and behavior – hence, there are no obviousa priorigrounds for claiming that a particular behavioral phenomenon is universal based on sampling from a single subpopulation. Overall, these empirical patterns suggests that we need to be less cavalier in addressing questions ofhumannature on the basis of data drawn from this particularly thin, and rather unusual, slice of humanity. We close by proposing ways to structurally re-organize the behavioral sciences to best tackle these challenges.

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