Skeletal muscle work efficiency with age: the role of non-contractile processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenael Layec ◽  
Corey R. Hart ◽  
Joel D. Trinity ◽  
Yann Le Fur ◽  
Eun-Kee Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Chronic Oxidative Stress

This study suggests that the excessive cost associated with ion transport, potentially mediated by chronic oxidative stress, is an important mechanism contributing to the decline in muscle efficiency with age and probably compromises functional capacity in older adults.

Role of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 2650-2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Diaz-Morales ◽  
Susana Rovira-Llopis ◽  
Irene Escribano-Lopez ◽  
Celia Bañuls ◽  
Sandra Lopez-Domenech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE MYOSTATIN IN SARCOPENIA IN OLDER ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 361-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Ryan ◽  
M.C. Serra ◽  
O. Addison
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns, Skeletal Muscle Health, and Sarcopenia in Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoneta Granic ◽  
Avan Sayer ◽  
Sian Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Muscle Health

In recent decades, the significance of diet and dietary patterns (DPs) for skeletal muscle health has been gaining attention in ageing and nutritional research. Sarcopenia, a muscle disease characterised by low muscle strength, mass, and function is associated with an increased risk of functional decline, frailty, hospitalization, and death. The prevalence of sarcopenia increases with age and leads to high personal, social, and economic costs. Finding adequate nutritional measures to maintain muscle health, preserve function, and independence for the growing population of older adults would have important scientific and societal implications. Two main approaches have been employed to study the role of diet/DPs as a modifiable lifestyle factor in sarcopenia. An a priori or hypothesis-driven approach examines the adherence to pre-defined dietary indices such as the Mediterranean diet (MED) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)—measures of diet quality—in relation to muscle health outcomes. A posteriori or data-driven approaches have used statistical tools—dimension reduction methods or clustering—to study DP-muscle health relationships. Both approaches recognise the importance of the whole diet and potential cumulative, synergistic, and antagonistic effects of foods and nutrients on ageing muscle. In this review, we have aimed to (i) summarise nutritional epidemiology evidence from four recent systematic reviews with updates from new primary studies about the role of DPs in muscle health, sarcopenia, and its components; (ii) hypothesise about the potential mechanisms of ‘myoprotective’ diets, with the MED as an example, and (iii) discuss the challenges facing nutritional epidemiology to produce the higher level evidence needed to understand the relationships between whole diets and healthy muscle ageing.

Protective Role of Polysaccharides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino Supplementation against Exhaustive Swimming Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Liver and Skeletal Muscle of Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1231-1234
Author(s):  
Hui Huang ◽  
Bo Qi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective role of polysaccharide fromGynostemma pentaphyllumMakino (PGP) supplementation against exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress. A total of 48 mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose PGP supplementation groups. The control group received distilled water and the supplementation groups received different doses of PGP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) by gavage once a day for 28 consecutive days. After 28 days, the mice performed an exhaustive swimming exercise, and some biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured. The results showed that PGP supplementation could increase SOD, GPx and CAT contents, as well as decrease MDA contents in the liver and skeletal muscle of mice, which suggests that PGP supplementation has a protective role against exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Effects of experimental weight perturbation on skeletal muscle work efficiency in human subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. R183-R192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rosenbaum ◽  
Krista Vandenborne ◽  
Rochelle Goldsmith ◽  
Jean-Aime Simoneau ◽  
Steven Heymsfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Cycle Ergometry ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Muscle Work

Maintenance of reduced or elevated body weight results in respective decreases or increases in energy expended in physical activity, defined as 24-h energy expenditure excluding resting energy expenditure and the thermic effect of feeding, beyond those attributable to weight change. We examined skeletal muscle work efficiency by graded cycle ergometry and, in some subjects, rates of gastrocnemius muscle ATP flux during exercise by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), in 30 subjects (15 males, 15 females) at initial weight and 10% below initial weight and in 8 subjects (7 males, 1 female) at initial weight and 10% above initial weight to determine whether changes in skeletal muscle work efficiency at altered body weight were correlated with changes in the energy expended in physical activity. At reduced weight, muscle work efficiency was increased in both cycle ergometry [mean (SD) change = +26.5 (26.7)%, P < 0.001] and MRS [ATP flux change = -15.2 (23.2)%, P = 0.044] studies. Weight gain resulted in decreased muscle work efficiency by ergometry [mean (SD) change = -17.8 (20.5)%, P = 0.043]. Changes in muscle efficiency at altered body weight accounted for 35% of the change in daily energy expended in physical activity.

scholarly journals The role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle injury and regeneration: focus on antioxidant enzymes

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kozakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Pietraszek-Gremplewicz ◽  
Alicja Jozkowicz ◽  
Jozef Dulak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Injury
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