A comparison between active- and reactive-hyperaemia-induced brachial artery vasodilation

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Padilla ◽  
Ryan A. Harris ◽  
Alyce D. Fly ◽  
Lawrence D. Rink ◽  
Janet P. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reactive Hyperaemia ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Balanced Design ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Fat Meal

The measurement of brachial artery vasodilation in response to a hyperaemic stimulus has been used extensively to assess changes in endothelial function. However, whether or not similar changes occur in response to an active hyperaemic stimulus is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to compare brachial artery vasodilation in response to an active compared with a reactive hyperaemic stimulus following a known perturbation of endothelial function. Eight apparently healthy adults were assigned to four treatment conditions in a counter-balanced design: (i) low-fat meal with active hyperaemic stimulus (LFM-A), (ii) high-fat meal with active hyperaemic stimulus (HFM-A), (iii) low-fat meal with reactive hyperaemic stimulus (LFM-R), and (iv) high-fat meal with reactive hyperaemic stimulus (HFM-R). Meals were ingested at 08:00 hours on each treatment day. Brachial artery vasodilation was assessed via ultrasound 4 h after ingestion of each meal. The active hyperaemic stimulus was induced by 5 min of rhythmic handgrip exercise, whereas reactive hyperaemia was induced by 5 min of forearm occlusion. Brachial artery vasodilation was expressed as the percentage change in diameter from baseline to post-active/reactive hyperaemia. Using a 2×2 repeated measures ANOVA, a significant stimulus×meal interaction (P=0.025) was found. Simple main effects revealed no difference (P=0.541) in brachial artery vasodilation between LFM-A (5.75±1.64%) and HFM-A (6.39±1.45%); however, a significant decrease (P=0.014) in brachial artery vasodilation was found in the HFM-R (4.29±1.64%) compared with the LFM-R (7.18±1.13%) treatment. In conclusion, the measurement of brachial artery vasodilation in response to active hyperaemia did not detect a change in endothelial function following a single perturbation meal, whereas reactive hyperaemia did.

Determinants of short-term variation in arterial flow-mediated dilatation in healthy young men

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko J. Järvisalo ◽  
Laura Jartti ◽  
Jukka Marniemi ◽  
Tapani Rönnemaa ◽  
Jorma S. A. Viikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Hourly Variation ◽  
Fat Meal

Brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilatation) is widely used as a marker of systemic arterial endothelial function. FMD, however, shows considerable 25% day-to-day variation that hinders its clinical use. The reasons for this variability are poorly characterized. Therefore the present study was designed to clarify factors responsible for the hourly variation in endothelial function, including consuming a low-fat meal and circadian rhythms in endogenous hormonal levels. Brachial artery FMD, along with serum glucose, triacylglycerols (triglycerides) and levels of several hormones were measured six times per day on two separate days 1 week apart. On one day, the subjects (healthy males: n=12, mean age, 24 years) ate a light breakfast and a standardized lunch (23.5% fat, 48.7% carbohydrate and 27.8% protein). On the other day, they had a similar breakfast after which they fasted. Postprandial FMD values (both after breakfast and after lunch) were similar to baseline FMD. FMD showed a 28% hourly variation and 27% weekly variation. Variation in plasma levels of insulin (P=0.02) associated negatively and DHPG (3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol) (P=0.001), a marker of sympathetic nervous activation, associated positively with variation in FMD. The effects of DHPG and insulin on FMD were independent of changes in baseline brachial artery diameter, although DHPG was also inversely associated with baseline diameter. Eating a regular low-fat meal does not have any measurable effects on brachial artery endothelial function. These data suggest that strict requirements for fasting conditions may be unnecessary when measuring peripheral endothelial function using the ultrasound technique. Circadian variation in serum insulin and sympathetic tone are physiological determinants of endothelial function.

The effect of acute fish-oil supplementation on endothelial function and arterial stiffness following a high-fat meal

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Fahs ◽  
Huimin Yan ◽  
Sushant Ranadive ◽  
Lindy M. Rossow ◽  
Stamatis Agiovlasitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
Fat Meal

This study examined whether a commercially available fish-oil supplement offers protection from the acute effects of a high-fat meal (HFM) on endothelial function and arterial stiffness. An HFM causes acute impairments in endothelial function, whereas the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have a variety of cardioprotective effects. However, little is known about the efficacy of moderate fish-oil supplementation on the endothelial dysfunction induced by an HFM. Endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD)), forearm blood flow (FBF), total hyperemia, central and peripheral blood pressure, and central artery stiffness were assessed in 20 healthy men (n = 10) and women (n = 10) at rest and 4 h after an HFM supplemented with either placebo or ∼1 g EPA and DHA. Brachial artery FMD normalized for shear rate was significantly impaired (p = 0.033) following the HFM with placebo but remained unchanged compared with baseline following the HFM with the fish-oil supplement (p = 0.039; condition × time interaction). Resting FBF (p = 0.020) and total hyperemia (p = 0.014) were elevated following the HFM. All other vascular and hemodynamic measurements were unchanged in both trials. Commercially available fish-oil supplements taken with an HFM appear to preserve endothelial function following an HFM.

Effects of Acute Active Video Games on Endothelial Function Following a High-Fat Meal in Overweight Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Park ◽  
Eun Sun Yoon ◽  
Yong Hee Lee ◽  
Chul-Ho Kim ◽  
Kanokwan Bunsawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Active Video Game ◽  
Active Video ◽  
Overweight Adolescents ◽  
Fat Meal

Background:We tested the hypothesis that an active video game following a high-fat meal would partially prevent the unfavorable effect of a high-fat meal on vascular function in overweight adolescents.Methods:Twenty-four overweight adolescents were randomized to either a 60-minute active video game (AVG) group (n = 12) or seated rest (SR) as a control group (n = 12) after a high-fat meal. Blood parameters were measured, and vascular function was measured using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) at baseline and 3 hours after a high-fat meal.Results:No significant interaction was found in any blood parameter. A high-fat meal significantly increased blood triglyceride and glucose concentrations in both groups in a similar manner. Brachial artery FMD significantly decreased in the SR group (13.8 ± 3.2% to 11.8 ± 2.5), but increased in the AVG group (11.4 ± 4.0% to 13.3 ± 3.5), with a significant interaction (P = .034).Conclusion:These findings show that an active video game attenuated high-fat meal-induced endothelial dysfunction. This suggests that an active video game may have a cardioprotective effect on endothelial function in overweight adolescents when exposed to a high-fat meal.

scholarly journals Effects of Low-Fat and High-Fat Meals, with and without Dietary Fiber, on Postprandial Endothelial Function, Triglyceridemia, and Glycemia in Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrie M. Whisner ◽  
Siddhartha S. Angadi ◽  
Nathan Y. Weltman ◽  
Arthur Weltman ◽  
Jessica Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Fat Meal

The consumption of fiber-rich foods may negate the deleterious effects of high-fat meals on postprandial triglyceridemia and endothelial function. Despite supportive data in adults, little is known about the effects of high-fat and high-fiber foods on cardiovascular health parameters in pediatric populations. In this crossover trial, male and female adolescents (n = 10; 14.1 + 2.6 years; range 10–17 years) consumed (1) low-fat, low-fiber, (2) low-fat, high-fiber, (3) high-fat, low-fiber, and (4) high-fat, high-fiber breakfast meals in randomized order, each following an overnight fast. Baseline and 4 h post-meal blood was obtained for determination of glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations. Endothelial function was assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Postprandial FMD was not significantly changed after any meal. However, regression analyses revealed a significant inverse relationship between the change in 4 h triglyceride concentration and change in 4 h FMD for the high-fat, low-fiber meal (β = −0.087; 95% CI = −0.138 to −0.037; p = 0.001) that was no longer significant in the high-fat, high-fiber meal (β = −0.044; 95% CI = −0.117 to 0.029; p = 0.227). Interpretation of these analyses must be qualified by acknowledging that between-meal comparison revealed that the two regression lines were not statistically different (p = 0.226). Addition of high-fiber cereal to the high-fat meal also reduced 4 h postprandial triglyceride increases by ~50% (p = 0.056). A high-fiber breakfast cereal did not attenuate postprandial glucose and insulin responses after consumption of a low-fat meal. While further work is needed to confirm these results in larger cohorts, our findings indicate the potential importance of cereal fiber in blunting the inverse relationship between postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and FMD after consumption of a high-fat meal in adolescents.

scholarly journals Central and peripheral arterial stiffness responses to uninterrupted prolonged sitting combined with a high-fat meal: a randomized controlled crossover trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Fryer ◽  
Keeron Stone ◽  
Craig Paterson ◽  
Meghan Brown ◽  
James Faulkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIndependently, prolonged uninterrupted sitting and the consumption of a meal high in saturated fats acutely disrupt normal cardiovascular function. Currently, the acute effects of these behaviors performed in combination on arterial stiffness, a marker of cardiovascular health, are unknown. This study sought to determine the effect of consuming a high-fat meal (Δ = 51 g fat) in conjunction with prolonged uninterrupted sitting (180 min) on measures of central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Using a randomized crossover design, 13 young healthy males consumed a high-fat (61 g) or low-fat (10 g) meal before 180 min of uninterrupted sitting. Carotid-femoral (cf) and femoral-ankle (fa) pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic-femoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), superficial femoral PWV beta (β), and oscillometric pulse wave analysis outcomes were assessed pre and post sitting. cfPWV increased significantly more following the high-fat (mean difference [MD] = 0.59 m·s−1) meal than following the low-fat (MD = 0.2 m·s−1) meal, with no change in faPWV in either condition. The af-SG significantly decreased (worsened) (ηp2 = 0.569) over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ratio = 0.1 and 0.1, respectively). Superficial femoral PWVβ significantly increased over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ηp2 = 0.321; 0.8 and 0.4 m·s−1, respectively). Triglycerides increased over time in the high-fat trial only (ηp2 = 0.761). There were no significant changes in blood pressure. Consuming a high-fat meal prior to 180 min of uninterrupted sitting augments markers of cardiovascular disease risk more than consuming a low-fat meal prior to sitting.

scholarly journals Identification of the principal transcriptional regulators for low-fat and high-fat meal responsive genes in small intestine

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Octave Mucunguzi ◽  
Aicha Melouane ◽  
Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽  
Mayumi Yoshioka ◽  
André Boivin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

scholarly journals Acute Effect of High-Fat Meal on Endothelial Function in Moderately Dyslipidemic Subjects

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Giannattasio ◽  
A. Zoppo ◽  
G. Gentile ◽  
M. Failla ◽  
A. Capra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

The Effect of a High-Fat Meal on Endothelial Function in Physically Active Versus Sedentary Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Padilla ◽  
Ryan A. Harris ◽  
Kevin P. Hanlon ◽  
Shelby S. Sutton ◽  
Alyce D. Fly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Fat Meal
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