Insulin resistance and Na+/K+-ATPase in hypertensive women: a difference in mechanism depending on the level of glucose tolerance

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Mattiasson ◽  
Kerstin Berntorp ◽  
Folke Lindgärde
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Disposal Rate

1. The peripheral glucose disposal rate (assessed with the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp technique), the serum sex hormone-binding globulin concentration and total and ouabain-sensitive 22Na-efflux rate constants in leucocytes were determined in 41 women with impaired glucose tolerance and in 40 women with normal glucose tolerance. The groups were matched for body mass index and diastolic blood pressure (range 55-112 mmHg). 2. Stepwise regression analysis showed that diastolic blood pressure in the group with impaired glucose tolerance was inversely correlated with the glucose disposal rate (model r2 = 21%) and was correlated with the plasma glucose concentration at 120 min after an oral glucose load (model r2 = 31%). In the group with normal glucose tolerance, however, neither of these two variables was correlated with blood pressure, although the ouabain-sensitive 22Na efflux rate constant was (model r2=11%). 3. Among insulin-resistant subjects, those with hypertension had significantly lower serum sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations than the normotensive subjects. 4. We conclude that insulin resistance is correlated with high blood pressure in women with glucose intolerance and increased androgenic activity. In women with normal insulin sensitivity, a low level of the Na+/K+-ATPase-mediated sodium efflux is associated with high blood pressure.

Sodium-lithium countertransport and platelet cytosolic free calcium concentration in relation to peripheral insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Mattiasson ◽  
Kerstin Berntorp ◽  
Folke Lindgärde
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Basal Plasma

1. Peripheral glucose disposal (assessed by the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp technique), Na+-Li+ countertransport in erythrocytes and the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration in platelets were determined in 41 women with impaired glucose tolerance and in 38 women with normal glucose tolerance. The groups were matched for body mass index (range 18–44 kg/m2) and diastolic blood pressure (range 58–109 mmHg). 2. Na+-Li+ countertransport was correlated significantly with body mass index, basal plasma insulin concentration and basal plasma glucose concentration, and was inversely correlated with peripheral glucose disposal rate. Stepwise regression analysis showed that Na+-Li+ countertransport was positively correlated with basal plasma insulin concentration (r2 = 8.7%). 3. Systolic blood pressure was correlated with fasting plasma insulin concentration (model r2 = 25%) and with Na+-Li+ countertransport (model r2 = 34%) in the group with impaired glucose tolerance. In the group with normal glucose tolerance there were no correlations between blood pressure and Na+-Li+ countertransport. 4. No correlation was found between platelet cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and any of the variables measured. 5. It is concluded that Na+-Li+ countertransport is correlated with the degree of peripheral insulin sensitivity and with the plasma insulin concentration. Platelet cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration was not correlated with any of these variables, and there was no relationship between Na+-Li+ countertransport and the platelet cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration.

STUDIES IN CONGENITAL GENERALIZED LIPODYSTROPHY (SEIP-BERARDINELLI SYNDROME)

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Oseid
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Juvenile Form ◽  
Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
The One ◽  
Adipose Organ

ABSTRACT Six cases of congenital generalized lipodystrophy have been studied at different ages from infancy to adolescence with regard to glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. During the first few years of life there is normal glucose tolerance. The fasting immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) levels are either slightly elevated or normal. The IRI response to glucose is exaggerated and prolonged, at least from the third year of life. Some degree of insulin resistance is already present in infancy. From the age of 8–10 years glucose tolerance decreases rapidly. The fasting IRI levels are usually grossly elevated, while fasting plasma glucose levels are only moderately elevated or normal. The IRI responses to oral and iv administered glucose, and to tolbutamide are exaggerated; the insulinogenic indices are high. Cortisone primed glucose tolerance tests become abnormal. Insulin resistance is marked, and increases with age. After cessation of growth at approximately 12 years of age, frank diabetes with fasting hyperglycaemia and diabetic glucose tolerance curves developed in the one patient followed beyond this age. Her fasting IRI was increased, but there was a poor IRI response to glucose stimulation, suggesting a partial exhaustion of the β-cells. Her initial IRI response to tolbutamide was still good, but not as brisk as in the younger patients. This type of diabetes is quite different from the juvenile form, and also from the diabetes of older age. It may be causally related to the lack of an adequate adipose organ necessary for the disposal of excesses of glucose, or possibly related to another anti-insulin mechanism.

Impact of Glucose Metabolism Disorders on IGF-1 Levels in Patients with Acromegaly

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sema Dogansen ◽  
Gulsah Yalin ◽  
Seher Tanrikulu ◽  
Sema Yarman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of glucose metabolism abnormalities and their impact on IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly. Ninety-three patients with acromegaly (n=93; 52 males/41 females) were included in this study. Patients were separated into three groups such as; normal glucose tolerance (n=23, 25%), prediabetes (n=38, 41%), and diabetes mellitus (n=32, 34%). Insulin resistance was calculated with homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). HOMA-IR > 2.5 or ≤2.5 were defined as insulin resistant or noninsulin resistant groups, respectively. Groups were compared in terms of factors that may be associated with glucose metabolism abnormalities. IGF-1% ULN (upper limit of normal)/GH ratios were used to evaluate the impact of glucose metabolism abnormalities on IGF-1 levels. Patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly older with an increased frequency of hypertension (p<0.001, p=0.01, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in prediabetes group than in normal glucose tolerance group (p=0.04). Similarly IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.04). Baseline and suppressed GH levels were significantly higher in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.024, p<0.001, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio is a useful marker indicating glucose metabolism disorders and IGF-1 levels might be inappropriately lower in acromegalic patients with insulin resistance or prediabetes. We suggest that IGF-1 levels should be re-evaluated after the improvement of insulin resistance or glycemic regulation for the successful management of patients with acromegaly.

Effects of exenatide and liraglutide on postchallenge glucose disposal in individuals with normal glucose tolerance

Endocrine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushi Hirota ◽  
Tomokazu Matsuda ◽  
Shinsuke Nakajima ◽  
Michinori Takabe ◽  
Naoko Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Normal Glucose

scholarly journals PPARαAgonist Fenofibrate Reduced the Secreting Load ofβ-Cells in Hypertriglyceridemia Patients with Normal Glucose Tolerance

PPAR Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Rui Lu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yanjin Hu ◽  
Yumei Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Fenofibrate Treatment ◽  
Normal Glucose

Hypertriglyceridemia is an important risk factor associated with insulin resistance andβ-cell dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of hypertriglyceridemia and fenofibrate treatment on insulin sensitivity andβ-cell function in subjects with normal glucose tolerance. A total of 1974 subjects with normal glucose tolerance were divided into the normal TG group (NTG group,n=1302) and hypertriglyceridemia group (HTG group,n=672). Next, 92 patients selected randomly from 672 patients with hypertriglyceridemia were assigned to a 24-week fenofibrate treatment. The HTG group had increased waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and homeostasis model assessment ofβ-cell function (HOMA-β) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with the NTG group (allP<0.01). The 24-week fenofibrate treatment significantly decreased the WC, BMI, TG, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-βlevels and increased the HDL-C levels in the patients with hypertriglyceridemia (WC, BMI, and HOMA-IR:P<0.05; TG, HDL-C, and HOMA-β:P<0.01). The fenofibrate treatment significantly alleviated insulin resistance and reduced the secreting load ofβ-cells in the hypertriglyceridemia patients with normal glucose tolerance.

scholarly journals Adiponectin and insulin resistance are related to restenosis and overall new PCI in subjects with normal glucose tolerance: the prospective AIRE Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Carlo Sasso ◽  
Pia Clara Pafundi ◽  
Raffaele Marfella ◽  
Paolo Calabrò ◽  
Federico Piscione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose
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