Absolute rates of hepatic fatty acid synthesis and cholesterogenesis in rats fed on low fat (4.4% as energy) after chronic ethanol consumption

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (s21) ◽  
pp. 7P-7P
Author(s):  
S. Venkatesan ◽  
K.J. Simpson ◽  
T.J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Ethanol Consumption ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Consumption

Fatty Acid Synthesis by Rat Liver after Chronic Ethanol Feeding with a Low-Fat Diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Simpson ◽  
S. Venkatesan ◽  
T. J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Fat Diet

1. Chronic alcohol feeding with a low-fat diet (4.4% total calories) produced a two- to three-fold increase in hepatic triacylglycerol and esterified cholesterol compared with pair-fed low-fat diet controls. Plasma lipids were similar in both groups. 2. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis rates measured in vivo with 3H2O were significantly lower in the alcohol-fed animals than in controls. Activities of hepatic fatty acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.85) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2) were reduced in the alcohol-fed rats. 3. These results indicate that enhanced hepatic fatty acid synthesis does not occur in rats fed alcohol and a low-fat diet for 4 weeks, and is thus not implicated in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced fatty liver.

Fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol accumulation in rat liver after chronic ethanol consumption

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Venkatesan ◽  
R. J. Ward ◽  
T. J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Consumption ◽  
Triacylglycerol Content ◽  
Triacylglycerol Accumulation

1. Liver slices from chronically alcohol-fed rats incubated with 3H2O showed less than half the fatty acid synthesis rates of pair-fed controls. Addition of 50 mmol/l ethanol or of 10 mmol/l lactate and 1 mmol/l pyruvate to the incubation medium did not alter the fatty acid synthesis rates in either groups. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis rates measured in vivo with 3H2O were also significantly reduced in alcohol-fed rats. 2. Time-course experiments showed that after 1 week on the ethanol diet hepatic fatty acid synthesis rates in vitro were similar to control rats, although the liver triacylglycerol content was significantly increased. From the second week of feeding, fatty acid synthesis rates were significantly lower in alcohol-fed rats and the liver triacylglycerol content progressively increased compared with controls. 3. Fatty acid synthase activity in liver cytosolic fractions were similar to controls in the alcohol-fed group after 1 week of feeding but were significantly lower in alcohol-fed rats from the second week onwards. 4. These results indicate that hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation after alcohol feeding is not due to increased fatty acid synthesis. The reduced fatty acid synthesis observed is a consequence of triacylglycerol accumulation.

scholarly journals The role of dietary protein in hepatic lipogenesis in the young rat

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Herzberg ◽  
Minda Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Lipogenesis ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Cleavage Enzyme ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

1. The effect of varying dietary levels of casein (40–140 g/kg) on hepatic lipogenesis and the levels of hepatic fatty acid synthetase (FAS), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49; G6PD), malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40; ME), citrate cleavage enzyme (EC 4.1.3.8;CCE), acetyl CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2; AcCx), glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2; GK), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) was examined in young, growing rats.2. The activities of AcCx, FAS, G6PD and in vivo fatty acid synthesis were generally found to increase with increased dietary protein.3. The levels of GK and PDH were not related to dietary protein.4. ME decreased with increasing dietary protein.5. The results demonstrate a dissociation between hepatic fatty acid synthesis and ME and suggest that when rats consume low-protein diets the NADPH needed for fatty acid synthesis is generated primarily by ME but that as the level of dietary protein is increased the contribution of ME is reduced while that of the phosphogluconate pathway becomes more important.

Acute stimulatory effect of insulin on hepatic fatty acid synthesis

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. XII-XIII
Author(s):  
Anton C. Beynen ◽  
Willem J. Vaartjes ◽  
Math J.H. Geelen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Chronic ethanol administration depresses fatty acid synthesis in rat adipose tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 251 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Wilson ◽  
M A Korsten ◽  
L P Donnelly ◽  
P W Colley ◽  
J B Somer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Administration

Administration of ethanol as part of a nutritionally adequate liquid diet to female Wistar rats was found to depress markedly incorporation of labelled glucose into adipose-tissue acylglycerol fatty acids. Similar results with labelled pyruvate and acetate suggested inhibition of the fatty-acid-synthesis pathway at, or distal to, the acetyl-CoA carboxylase step. Activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase were markedly lower in ethanol-fed animals. The activity of another lipogenic enzyme, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, was not affected by chronic ethanol feeding. These findings suggest that chronic ethanol administration has marked effects on adipose-tissue lipogenesis.

scholarly journals Fasting Plasma Insulin Concentrations Are Associated With Changes in Hepatic Fatty Acid Synthesis and Partitioning Prior to Changes in Liver Fat Content in Healthy Adults

Diabetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1858-1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Pramfalk ◽  
Michael Pavlides ◽  
Rajarshi Banerjee ◽  
Catriona A. McNeil ◽  
Stefan Neubauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Fasting Plasma Insulin
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