Obstructive jaundice blunts myocardial contractile response to isoprenaline in the dog: a clue to the susceptibility of jaundiced patients to shock?

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Binah ◽  
A. Bomzon ◽  
L. M. Blendis ◽  
D. Mordohovich ◽  
O. S. Better
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Force Frequency ◽  
Contractile Responses ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Myocardial Contractile

1. Patients with obstructive jaundice are susceptible to postoperative shock. To clarify the mechanism of this phenomenon, we compared the contractile response to isoprenaline of isolated ventricular preparations from three groups of dogs: (a) dogs with chronic bile-duct ligation (CBDL), (b) dogs with choledochocaval anastomosis (CDCA) and (c) sham-operated dogs (SO). 2. Isolated ventricular muscles from CBDL and CDCA dogs showed a depressed contractile response to isoprenaline as compared with SO dogs. Mechanical performance was spared in the CBDL and CDCA dogs. 3. There were no differences in the contractile responses of SO and CBDL dogs, either to ouabain or to changes in the rates of stimulation (force-frequency relationships). These data demonstrate that, in the dog, obstructive jaundice and/or cholaemia are associated with blunted contractile response to β-adrenoreceptor stimulation in the face of intact basic mechanical performance. 4. Similar inotropic refractoriness to β-adrenoreceptor stimulation could contribute to the susceptibility to postoperative shock in patients with obstructive jaundice.

scholarly journals A new model of reversible obstructive jaundice using rapidly absorbable suture materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurettin Kahramansoy ◽  
Hayri Erkol ◽  
Edip E Yilmaz ◽  
Mustafa Şit ◽  
Fahri Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Common Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Morphologic Changes

Purpose: Reversible obstructive jaundice models have some limiting features, including the need for a second anaesthesia, re-laparotomy and surgical intervention after common bile duct ligation. The present study investigates the feasibility of a new application that can eliminate these limitations. Rapidly absorbable suture materials were used for ligation; therefore, spontaneous biliary decompression was anticipated by the self release of these rapidly degrading materials. Methods: Common bile ducts in Wistar Albino rats were ligated with silk, polyglytone 6211, or irradiated polyglactine 910 (n=7 for each group). Rats were grouped according to both the suture materials and the experiments termination date: 5 days (sham, silk5, polyglytone5, polyglactine5) and 21 days (silk21, polyglytone21, polyglactine21) after the ligation. Biochemical and morphologic changes of liver were assessed. Results: The group polyglactine21 showed significantly lower mean ALT, AST, GGT, total and direct bilirubin values when compared with the group polyglactine5 (p=0.004-0.037). Morphologic changes did not correlate with the biochemical amelioration. In the group polyglytone21, not only the biochemical but also the morphologic changes significantly ameliorated when compared with the group polyglytone5 (p=0.003-0.043). No procedure associated mortality was observed. Conclusion: Common bile duct ligation with polyglytone offers a new reversible model for prolonged obstructive jaundice which abolishes the need for relaparotomy and a second surgical intervention and significantly reduces mortality.

Electroacupuncture attenuates vascular hyporeactivity in a rat model of portal hypertension induced by bile duct ligation

2021 ◽  
pp. 096452842110392
Author(s):  
Yu-Sheng Chen ◽  
Chorng-Kai Wen ◽  
Geng-Hao Liu ◽  
Tzung-Yan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Contractile Responses ◽  
Hyperdynamic Circulation ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 1

Background: A hyperdynamic circulation and impaired vascular responsiveness to vasoconstrictors are observed in portal hypertension (PHT) rats. Inflammation is a major contributor to the hyperdynamic circulation state in murine models of PHT. Electroacupuncture (EA) may ameliorate the inflammatory response and limit arterial vasodilatation and portal pressure. This study investigated the possible mechanisms underlying putative hemodynamics effects of EA in normal and PHT rats. Methods: PHT was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery over 4 weeks in rats. Sham-operated and BDL rats were treated with low-frequency EA (2 Hz) at ST36 10 min three times weekly for one or two consecutive weeks (for a total of 3 or 7 treatments, respectively). Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were analyzed, and hemodynamic variation and contractile responses to phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and phenylephrine in aortic and superior mesenteric arterial rings were recorded. Inducible (i) and endothelial (3) nitric oxide synthase (NOS), cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), and protein kinase C-α (PKC-α) levels were determined by Western blotting. Results: EA significantly reduced portal pressure and serum TNF-α, NOx and 6-keto-PGF1α levels compared to the untreated BDL group, enhanced maximum contractile responses in the aorta, up-regulated PKC-α, and down-regulated iNOS and COX-1 levels. In addition, EA decreased the aortic angiogenesis signaling cascade, reflected by down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) abundance and transforming growth factor β receptor (TGFβR)I/II expression, as assessed by immunostaining. Conclusion: EA attenuates TNF-α, NO and 6-keto-PGF1α overproduction, modulates the vascular levels of constitutive NOS and PKC-α, blunts the development of the angiogenesis cascade, and enhances vascular contractile force in PHT rats.

Inhibition of the biosynthesis of uroporphyrinogen and heme in rat liver during obstructive jaundice produced by bile duct ligation

1986 ◽  
Vol 246 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter N. Piper ◽  
James Tse ◽  
Emily M. Sadler ◽  
W.Russ Christenson ◽  
James L. Balk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Duct Ligation

scholarly journals Increased Cardiac Endocrine Activity After Common Bile Duct Ligation in the Rabbit Atrial Endocrine Cells in Obstructive Jaundice

1994 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Pereira ◽  
M. A. Torregrosa ◽  
F. Martínez-Ródenas ◽  
J. Clàrla ◽  
L. Pallarés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Common Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Duct Ligation

Bile Salts, Hypotension and Obstructive Jaundice

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bomzon ◽  
J. P. M. Finberg ◽  
D. Tovbin ◽  
S. G. Naidu ◽  
O. S. Better
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Isolated Rat

1. We have examined the effects of bile duct ligation on vascular and extravascular smooth muscle responsiveness to noradrenaline and tyramine using isolated rat hindlimb perfusion, and portal vein and vas deferens preparations. 2. Bile duct ligation reduced the contractile responses to noradrenaline of vascular and extra-vascular smooth muscle. 3. Exposure of smooth muscle to some bile salts caused a reduction in contractility. 4. This effect was dependent upon bile salt type and concentration. 5. These studies in vitro suggest that the reduced total peripheral resistance and hypotension seen in obstructive jaundice cannot be explained by a spasmolytic effect of some of the bile salts on smooth muscle.

Renal Function in Chronic Obstructive Jaundice: A Micropuncture Study in Rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie E. M. Allison ◽  
N. G. Moss ◽  
Mary M. Fraser ◽  
J. W. Dobbie ◽  
C. J. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Bile Duct Ligation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Duct Ligation

1. We have studied kidney structure and function in female Sprague—Dawley rats with chronic obstructive jaundice after bile-duct ligation and section and in age-matched sham-operated control animals. 2. High bile-duct ligation and section resulted in immediate hyperbilirubinaemia and progressive hepatomegaly with histological evidence of bile-duct proliferation and periportal inflammation and fibrosis. 3. Only 20% of the jaundiced animals developed ascites, but 42% became hypotensive and died during preparation for micropuncture. 4. In the surviving rats there was no significant change in blood pressure, whole-kidney glomerular filtration rate, single-nephron glomerular filtration rate or calculated glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure from control animals. However, renal plasma flow was increased so that whole-kidney filtration fraction was low. These changes were largely reversed by choledochoduodenostomy. 5. Proximal tubular reabsorption in the jaundiced group was not different from control rats, although the inulin (urine/plasma) ratio was significantly reduced, indicating diminished reabsorption distal to the proximal convoluted tubule. Proximal intratubular hydrostatic pressure was significantly increased in some nephrons. 6. Electron microscopy of the glomeruli from the jaundiced animals revealed evidence of marked increase in activity of both epithelial and endothelial cells. 7. Rats who survive chronic obstructive jaundice for 3–4 weeks have changes in renal function and also structural changes suggestive of diminished glomerular permeability.

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