Circulating Histamine and Neutrophil Chemotactic Activity During Allergen-Induced Asthma: The Effect of Inhaled Antihistamines and Anti-Allergic Compounds

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. R. Morgan ◽  
I. Moodley ◽  
D. R. Cundell ◽  
B. D. Sheinman ◽  
W. Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Boyden Chamber ◽  
Plasma Histamine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Provocation Testing ◽  
Bronchial Provocation ◽  
Neutrophil Chemotactic Activity

1. Plasma histamine and serum neutrophil chemotactic activity (S-NCA) were measured in ten atopic asthmatic patients on four separate occasions after allergen bronchial provocation testing (BPT). 2. Single doses of inhaled sodium cromoglycate (SCG; 20 mg), clemastine (0.5 mg), ketotifen (0.5 mg) and isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl) placebo were administered 30 min before bronchial provocation testing in random order and double-blind. 3. The airflow obstruction after BPT was monitored by measurement of forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1). Plasma histamine was measured by the double-isotope radioenzymatic assay and S-NCA by a modified Boyden chamber technique. 4. A highly significant decrease in FEV1 after BPT occurred on the placebo pre-treatment visit (P < 0.001). Prior administration of inhaled SCG, clemastine and ketotifen significantly reduced the decrease in airflow obstruction seen after BPT when compared with placebo treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.02, P < 0.05 respectively). 5. No significant alteration in plasma histamine was detected during allergen-induced airflow obstruction. 6. Levels of S-NCA were significantly higher 5, 10 and 15 min after BPT when compared with the pre-challenge level (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 respectively). These levels were not significantly decreased when airflow obstruction was inhibited by the prior inhalation of SCG, clemastine or ketotifen.

scholarly journals The importance of impulse oscillometry in bronchial provocation testing in confirming the diagnosis of asthma in male army recruits

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Dragan Koruga ◽  
Kristina Tot-Veres ◽  
Goran Plavec ◽  
Olivera Loncarevic
Keyword(s):  
Provocation Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Impulse Oscillometry ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Provocation Tests ◽  
Military Recruits ◽  
One Step ◽  
Provocation Testing ◽  
Bronchial Provocation ◽  
Army Recruits

Background/Aim. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a technique valid for measuring the lung function in obstructive lung diseases and bronchial provocation tests. However, no consensus exists for its use. The aim of the study was to assess impulse oscillometry sensitivity for detection of early airways changes during bronchial provocation testing and to compare with changes obtained with spirometry and bodyplethysmography in male army recruits. Methods. Male military recruits were submitted to bronchial provocation test with histamine by the aerosol provocation system. Out of 52 male military recruits subjected to attempts to make the diagnosis of asthma the study included 31 subjects with fall of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) above 20%. The changes of impulse oscillometry were measured one step before and after provocation dose (PD) of histamine and compared with the changes of bodyplethysmography and spirometry. Results. The average age of male army recruits was 23.3 year. After bronchoprovocation there was an average increase of the total resistance at 5 Hz (R5) by 66.6%, resonant frequency (Fres) by 102.2%, Goldman index (AX) by 912.1%, the arway resistance (Raw) by 121.5%, and a decrease in reactance at 5 Hz (X5) by 132.1% and FEV1 by 25.6%. One step before the last inhaled of PD20 there was an average increase of 26.7% in R5, 24.1% in Fres, 85.3% in AX, 11.9% in Raw and a decrease in X5 by 26.9% and FEV1 by 4.3%. A correlation between impulse oscillometry and bodyplethysmography parameters was obtained. Conclusion. This paper demonstrates a sufficient sensitivity of impulse oscillometry to detect changes in airways, so it may play a complementary role in the diagnosis of asthma in male military recruits.

Neutrophil chemotactic factors secreted fromToxoplasma gondii

Parasitology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakao ◽  
E. Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Boyden Chamber ◽  
Foetal Calf Serum ◽  
Neutrophil Chemotaxis ◽  
Minimum Essential Medium ◽  
Chemotactic Factors ◽  
Neutrophil Chemotactic Activity

Neutrophil chemotactic activity was detected in the fluid ofToxoplasma gondiicultures by the agarose plate and the Boyden chamber methods.Toxoplasmaculture fluid was obtained by incubating the tachyzoites at 37 °C in a 5% CO2atmosphere for 6 h in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's minimum essential medium containing 10% heat-inactivated foetal calf serum. Soluble extracts from tachyzoites had negligible activity, indicating that the chemotactic factors were metabolites secreted from tachyzoites. The chemotactic activity inToxoplasmaculture fluid depended on the number of tachyzoites and the period of incubation. The substances responsible for neutrophil chemotaxis were two heat-labile peptides with estimatedMr4·5 and 14 kDa with N-terminal groups free.

Airway effects of purine nucleosides and nucleotides and release with bronchial provocation in asthma

1986 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1667-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Mann ◽  
S. T. Holgate ◽  
A. G. Renwick ◽  
M. J. Cushley
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Airway Reactivity ◽  
Methacholine Provocation ◽  
Bronchial Provocation ◽  
Airway Conductance

Adenosine, AMP, and ADP all caused similar concentration-related bronchoconstriction when inhaled by patients with asthma, whereas the adenosine hydrolysis product inosine had no effect. Geometric mean provocation concentrations of adenosine AMP and ADP causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PCf20) were 2.34, 4.27, and 2.19 mumol/ml and 40% fall in specific airway conductance (PCs40) 3.16, 5.01, and 2.0 mumol/ml. Bronchoconstriction was rapid in onset, reaching a maximum 2-5 min after a single inhalation of AMP. In 31 asthmatic subjects a positive correlation was established between airway responsiveness to histamine, as an index of non-specific responsiveness, and airway reactivity to adenosine (PCf20, r = 0.60; PCs40, r = 0.64; P less than 0.01). Following bronchial provocation with allergen in nine subjects, plasma levels of adenosine increased from a mean base line of 5.4 +/- 0.9 to 9.6 +/- 2.0 ng/ml at 15 min (P less than 0.01) in parallel with a fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s. With methacholine provocation bronchoconstriction reached maximum 2-5 min postchallenge being followed by, but not accompanied by, significant increases in plasma levels of adenosine. These data suggest that adenosine is a specific bronchoconstrictor that may contribute to airflow obstruction in asthma.

Single-Dose Efficacy and Safety of Zindotrine, a New Oral Bronchodilator

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 760-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Kradjan ◽  
Leonard D. Hudson ◽  
Diane M. Harris ◽  
Gayle A. Emmick ◽  
David J. Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Reversible Airflow Obstruction

Zindotrine, a new bronchodilator, may be an alternative to theophylline in treating reversible airflow obstruction. Efficacy and cardiovascular effects of a single 300 mg oral dose of zindotrine were compared with placebo in a two-period, double-blind, crossover trial. Twelve subjects with airflow obstruction reversible after isoproterenol and theophylline completed the trial. Improvement in pulmonary function (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced expiratory flow rate from 25 to 75 percent of FVC) was greater after zindotrine than with placebo. Pulmonary function tests increased 15 percent or more over baseline in 30 minutes after active drug, lasting up to 6 hours. Mild decreases in heart rate and mean blood pressure occurred after both treatments, with changes equal in both treatment groups. Six subjects had mild subjective side effects after zindotrine (headache, dizziness, vertigo, flushing, and heartburn) compared with one report of lightheadedness after placebo. A single dose of zindotrine 300 mg provides effective bronchodilator action with a relatively prolonged response and tolerable side effects.

scholarly journals Single-inhaler fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) triple therapy versus tiotropium monotherapy in patients with COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Bansal ◽  
Martin Anderson ◽  
Antonio Anzueto ◽  
Nicola Brown ◽  
Chris Compton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Fluticasone Furoate ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Severe Copd

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment guidelines do not currently include recommendations for escalation directly from monotherapy to triple therapy. This 12-week, double-blind, double-dummy study randomized 800 symptomatic moderate-to-very-severe COPD patients receiving tiotropium (TIO) for ≥3 months to once-daily fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) 100/62.5/25 mcg via ELLIPTA (n = 400) or TIO 18 mcg via HandiHaler (n = 400) plus matched placebo. Study endpoints included change from baseline in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) at Days 85 (primary), 28 and 84 (secondary), health status (St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ] and COPD Assessment Test [CAT]) and safety. FF/UMEC/VI significantly improved trough FEV1 at all timepoints (Day 85 treatment difference [95% CI] 95 mL [62–128]; P < 0.001), and significantly improved SGRQ and CAT versus TIO. Treatment safety profiles were similar. Once-daily single-inhaler FF/UMEC/VI significantly improved lung function and health status versus once-daily TIO in symptomatic moderate-to-very-severe COPD patients, with a similar safety profile.

scholarly journals Household Food Insecurity, Lung Function, and COPD in US Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2098
Author(s):  
Francisca de Castro Mendes ◽  
Kirstie Ducharme-Smith ◽  
Gustavo Mora-Garcia ◽  
Saleh A. Alqahtani ◽  
Maria Stephany Ruiz-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Lung Health

Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests that optimal diet quality helps to improve preservation of lung function and to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk, but no study has investigated the association of food insecurity (FI) and lung health in the general population. Using data from a representative sample of US adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012 cycles, we investigated the association between FI with lung function and spirometrically defined COPD in 12,469 individuals aged ≥ 18 years of age. FI (high vs. low) was defined using the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Scale). Population-weighted adjusted regression models were used to investigate associations between FI, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), their ratio, and spirometrically defined restriction (FVC below the lower limit of normal) and airflow obstruction (COPD). The prevalence of household FI was 13.2%. High household FI was associated with lower FVC (adjusted β-coefficient −70.9 mL, 95% CI −116.6, −25.3), and with higher odds (OR) of spirometric restriction (1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.03). Stratified analyses showed similar effect sizes within specific ethnic groups. High FI was associated with worse lung health in a nationally representative sample of adults in the US.

Neutrophil chemotaxis, random migration, and adherence in patients with hyperthyroidism

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wolach ◽  
B. Lebanon ◽  
A. Jedeikin ◽  
M. S. Shapiro ◽  
L. Shenkman
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Neutrophil Chemotaxis ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neutrophil Adherence ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Neutrophil Chemotactic Activity

Abstract. We have examined neutrophil adherence, chemotactic activity, and random migration in 35 hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease and 106 normal volunteers. No statistically significant differences were found between granulocyte adherence of 17 hyperthyroid subjects (67 ± 15.6%) and 81 healthy volunteers (63.1 ± 17%). In 3 thyrotoxic patients, impaired neutrophil adherence was found, which resolved when thyroid function returned to normal. The neutrophil chemotactic activity of 32 normal controls was 107.5 ± 21.4 cells, and the random migration 36 ± 15.5 cells. No statistically significant difference was demonstrated in 13 hyperthyroid patients who had a neutrophil chemotactic activity of 102 ± 14.6 cells and a random migration of 31.2 ± 13.2 cells. Defective chemotactic activity and random migration was found in 2 patients. Neutrophil functions returned to normal in one of the two subjects who were re-evaluated when thyroid function recovered. In summary, 14% of hyperthyroid patients had impaired leukocyte functions. However, severe pyogenic infections are quite rare in hyperthyroid patients, indicating that the observed alterations in function of phagocytic cells are not clinically important.

Inhaled Terbutaline Administered via a Spacer Fully Prevents Exercise-Induced Asthma in Young Asthmatic Subjects: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Dinh Xuan ◽  
C. Lebeau ◽  
R. Roche ◽  
A. Ferriere ◽  
M. Chaussain
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Age Range

The effects of inhaled terbutaline, a β2-adrenergic agonist, administered via a 750-ml spacer device were studied in young asthmatic subjects with exercise-induced asthma. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of inhaled 0.5 mg terbutaline and placebo was conducted in 10 asthmatic children (age range 6–16 years) with documented exercise-induced asthma. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was measured at baseline, 15 min after inhaling terbutaline or placebo, and at intervals up to 60 min after exercising. Subjects exercised using a cycle ergometer for 5 min at a submaximal, constant work-load while breathing dry air at room temperature. Terbutaline induced bronchodilation at rest in all subject and fully prevented exercise-induced asthma in nine out of the 10 subjects; the exercise-induced fall in FEV1 was markedly reduced in the remaining subject. It is concluded that exercise-induced asthma can be inhibited by pretreatment with inhaled terbutaline, administered via a spacer, in a majority of young asthmatics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document