Erythrocyte Sodium Transport in Chronic Renal Failure

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
G. Clegg ◽  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
Z. Zareian ◽  
F. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Group A ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. Erythrocyte sodium, sodium transport (ouabain-sensitive efflux rate of sodium, oMosNa, and ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant of sodium, oMosNa), sodium-potassium activated ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase) activity and [3H]ouabain-binding capacity were measured in 15 patients with chronic renal failure and in 10 healthy subjects. 2. As a group, patients with chronic renal failure had a lower erythrocyte sodium and oMosNa compared with healthy subjects. 3. When patients were divided according to their erythrocyte sodium (greater or less than 4 mmol/kg of cells), in the group of patients whose erythrocyte sodium was less than 4 mmol/kg of cells (group A) the oMosNa was higher than that in healthy subjects and the oMosNa, Na+, K+-ATPase activity and [3H]ouabain-binding capacity were the same as those in healthy subjects. In the subgroup of patients with renal failure whose erythrocyte sodium content was greater than 4 mmol/kg of cells (group B) the oMosNa was less and plasma urea concentration higher than in group A and Na+, K+-ATPase activity, [3H]ouabain-binding capacity and oMosNa were lower than in healthy subjects. 4. These results suggest that in early chronic renal failure there is stimulation of ‘sodium pumps’ (without alteration in their number), which causes a lowering of erythrocyte sodium content, and that as the disease progresses there is inhibition of the ‘sodium pumps’ as well as a reduction in membrane permeability so that erythrocyte sodium is near normal.

Relations between Sodium Transport and Sodium Concentration in Human Erythrocytes in Health and Disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. We have examined the inter-relationships between erythrocyte sodium content and sodium transport in a group of healthy subjects and in groups of patients with disorders known to change the sodium content of erythrocytes. 2. In the healthy subjects the sodium content of erythrocytes was inversely related to both the permeability of the erythrocyte membrane to sodium (as measured by the unidirectional, ouabain-sensitive, sodium efflux) and the total activity of the sodium pumps (as measured by the rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux). There was a correlation between the total activity of the sodium pumps and the membrane permeability to sodium. 3. Changes in the erythrocyte sodium content were due to a decrease in the activity of the sodium pumps (as in hypokalaemia and digoxin treatment), or a decrease in the permeability of the erythrocyte membrane to sodium (as in chronic renal failure) or a reduction of both the membrane permeability and the number of sodium pumps (as in hyperthyroidism or elderly patients). 4. One interpretation of the results in the healthy subjects is that there are two components of sodium influx; one associated with the sodium pumps in what we have called ‘membrane-units’ and the other determined by the ground permeability of the membrane. 5. On the basis of this model we suggest that in the geriatric and hyperthyroid patients there is a reduction in the number of ‘membrane-units’, that in hypokalaemia and during digoxin treatment there is inhibition of the sodium-pump component of the ‘membrane-units’ and that in chronic renal failure there is a decrease in the permeability of the membrane to sodium.

Effect of Hypokalaemia on the Ouabain-Sensitive Sodium Transport and the Ouabain-Binding Capacity in Human Erythrocytes

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jill Rubython ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Efflux Rate Constant

1. The sodium content, the ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux and efflux rate constant and the ouabain-binding capacity were measured in the erythrocytes of 53 patients with hypokalaemia and in 37 healthy controls. The sodium content alone was measured in a further 57 patients with hypokalaemia. 2. In the patients with hypokalaemia there was an increase in the average sodium content of the erythrocytes, which was entirely due to a reduction in the ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant. 3. The ratio of the ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant to the number of sodium pumps was decreased in the patients with hypokalaemia, and was directly related to the plasma potassium. 4. Many patients with moderate hypokalaemia had normal erythrocyte sodium and potassium contents and normal ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant. These patients had an increased number of sodium pumps, which compensated for the inhibitory effect of hypokalaemia on each sodium pump. 5. This increase in the number of sodium pumps was common even in patients who had probably had hypokalaemia for less than 2 weeks. This finding suggests that there are latent sodium pumps within the circulating erythrocytes.

Changes in the Number and Activity of Sodium Pumps in Erythrocytes from Patients with Hyperthyroidism

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jill Rubython ◽  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Efflux Rate Constant ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

1. The sodium content, the rate and rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux and the number of sodium pumps (indicated by the ouabain-binding capacity) were measured in erythrocytes from patients with hyperthyroidism and compared with values obtained in euthyroid patients and healthy control subjects. Erythrocyte zinc content was measured as a simple estimate of the content of carbonic anhydrase. 2. In the hyperthyroid patients, erythrocyte sodium content was increased, whereas the rate and rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux, the ouabain-binding capacity and erythrocyte zinc content were all decreased. 3. The sodium pumps in hyperthyroidism had the same affinity for ouabain and the same rate constant per pump as those in healthy controls. 4. The decrease in the efflux rate constant could be entirely accounted for by the decrease in the number of sodium pumps. 5. Although the sodium efflux was decreased in the hyperthyroid patients, the change was less than expected for the decrease in the efflux rate constant. This suggests that there is an increase in the ground permeability of the erythrocyte membrane in hyperthyroidism. 6. In the hyperthyroid patients the number of sodium pumps and erythrocyte zinc content were inversely related to the plasma levels of thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine, but more closely to the latter. 7. These results suggest that the thyroid hormones may influence the erythrocyte's content of a range of proteins which happens to include the sodium pump.

Disturbed lipoprotein composition in non-dialyzed, hemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and post-transplant patients with chronic renal failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kimak ◽  
Andrzej Książek ◽  
Janusz Solski
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition

AbstractStudies were carried out in 183 non-dialyzed, 123 hemodialysis, 81 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 35 post-transplant patients and in 103 healthy subjects as a reference group. Lipids and apolipoprotein (apo)AI and apoB were determined using Roche kits. An anti-apoB antibody was used to separate apoB-containing apoCIII and apoE-triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) in the non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) fraction from apoCIIInonB and apoEnonB in the HDL fraction in four groups of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and healthy subjects. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between triglyceride (TG) or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and lipoproteins. Dyslipidemia varied according to the degree of renal insufficiency, the type of dialysis and therapy regime in CRF patients. Lipoprotein disturbances were manifested by increased TG, non-HDL-C and TRL concentrations, and decreased HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, whereas post-renal transplant patients showed normalization of lipid and lipoprotein profiles, except for TG levels and total apoCIII and apoCIIInonB. The present study indicates that CRF patients have disturbed lipoprotein composition, and that hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C concentrations in these patients are multifactorial, being secondary to disturbed lipoproteins. The method using anti-apoB antibodies to separate apoB-containing lipoproteins in the non-HDL fraction from non-apoB-containing lipoproteins in HDL can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with progression of renal failure or atherosclerosis. The variability of TG and HDL-C concentrations depends on the variability of TRL and cholesterol-rich lipoprotein concentrations, but the decreases in TG and increases in HDL-C concentrations are caused by apoAI concentration variability. These relationships, however, need to be confirmed in further studies.

scholarly journals Repercussão do tratamento hemodialítico na vida dos pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica no Sertão Paraibano

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Tiago Rozendo Evangelista ◽  
Antônio Ricardo Lisboa ◽  
Antônia Elinaide Ferreira Dantas ◽  
Itatyane Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Elvira Uchoa dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
World Population ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Health Council ◽  
Number Of Patients

<p>A Insuficiência Renal Crônica (IRC) é uma doença crônica, progressiva, debilitante, que causa incapacidades e que apresenta alta taxa de mortalidade, sendo que a incidência e prevalência têm aumentado ainda mais na população mundial, relacionada a histórico familiar, sedentarismo, dieta com alto teor de sódio, assim como taxas alteradas de ureia e creatinina, bem como outros fatores que se relacionam com a história clínica e individual. O número de pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico vem aumentando gradualmente ao longo dos anos, sendo a hemodiálise o tratamento mais comum, os pacientes vivenciam mudanças bruscas na sua vida influenciando de forma considerável na qualidade de vida do portador de IRC. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a repercussão do tratamento hemodialítico na vida dos pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica. A pesquisa foi realizada no Centro de Hemodiálise do Hospital Regional de Cajazeiras. Os dados foram coletados após a aprovação do CEP, sob o protocolo nº1.515.907. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado contendo informações a respeito de fatores sócios demográficos, bem como questões pertinentes ao tratamento hemodialítico. Os dados qualitativos foram organizados conforme a técnica e análise de dados de LEFEVRE; LEFEVRE e analisados mediante leitura pertinente. A pesquisa seguiu a Resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde que trata de pesquisas desenvolvidas com seres humanos. A hemodiálise repercute de forma significativa na vida do portador de DRC, influenciando de várias maneiras desde aspectos clínicos, como social, financeiro e emocional.</p><p><strong><em>Impact of hemodialysis in the lives of patients with chronic renal failure in Paraiba Hinterland</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong>Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is a chronic, progressive, debilitating disease which causes disabilities and has a high mortality rate, and the incidence and prevalence have increased even more in the world population, related to family background, physical inactivity, diet high sodium content, as well as altered rates of urea and creatinine and other factors that are related to clinical and personal history. The number of patients in hemodialytic treatment has been increasing gradually over the years, in which hemodialysis is the most common treatment. Patients experience sudden changes in their lives influencing considerably in the quality of life of the IRC carrier. To assess the repercussion of hemodialytic treatment in the lives of patients with Chronic Renal Failure. The research was conducted in the Hemodialysis Center at Regional Hospital of Cajazeiras. For the data collection a semi-structured interview guide was used, containing information about social and economic factors, as well as issues related to hemodialytic treatment. The qualitative data were organized according to the technique and data analysis of LEFEVRE; LEFEVRE and analyzed through relevant reading. The research followed the Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council, which deals with researches conducted on human subjects. A better understanding and characterization of the factors related to the repercussion of the hemodialytic treatment in the lives of the patients affected by Chronic Renal Failure.</p>

Endogenous vasopressin regulates Na-K-ATPase and Na+-K+-Cl− cotransporterrbsc-1 in rat outer medulla

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. F265-F270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia A. Bertuccio ◽  
Fernando R. Ibarra ◽  
Jorge E. Toledo ◽  
Elvira E. Arrizurieta ◽  
Rodolfo S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
The Other ◽  
Outer Medulla ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Expression And Activity

Previous reports have shown a stimulatory effect of vasopressin (VP) on Na-K-ATPase and rBSC-1 expression and activity. Whether these VP-dependent mechanisms are operating in vivo in physiological conditions as well as in chronic renal failure (CRF) has been less well studied. We measured ATPase expression and activity and rBSC-1 expression in the outer medulla of controls and moderate CRF rats both before and under in vivo inhibition of VP by OPC-31260, a selective V2-receptor antagonist. OPC-31260 decreased Na-K-ATPase activity from 11.2 ± 1.5 to 3.7 ± 0.8 in controls ( P < 0.05) and from 19.0 ± 0.8 to 2.9 ± 0.5 μmol Pi · mg protein−1 · h−1 in moderate CRF rats ( P < 0.05). CRF was associated with a significant increase in Na-K-ATPase activity ( P < 0.05). Similarly, CRF was also associated with a significant increase in Na-K-ATPase expression to 164.4 ± 21.5% compared with controls ( P < 0.05), and OPC-31260 decreased Na-K-ATPase expression in both controls and CRF rats to 57.6 ± 9.5 and 105.3 ± 10.9%, respectively ( P < 0.05). On the other hand, OPC-31260 decreased rBSC-I expression in both controls and CRF rats to 60.8 ± 6.5 and 30.0 ± 6.9%, respectively ( P < 0.05), and was not influenced by CRF (95.7 ± 5.2%). We conclude that 1) endogenous VP modulated Na-K-ATPase and rBSC-1 in both controls and CRF; and 2) CRF was associated with increased activity and expression of the Na-K-ATPase in the outer medulla, in contrast to the unaltered expression of the rBSC-1. The data suggest that endogenous VP could participate in the regulation of electrolyte transport at the level of the outer medulla.

Erythrocyte Sodium and Potassium during the Development of Chronic Renal Failure in Rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (s12) ◽  
pp. 13P-13P
Author(s):  
T.H. Thomas ◽  
C. Mason ◽  
K.M. Illingworth
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

An albumin dimer in urine.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Beilby ◽  
C Chin ◽  
P Garcia-Webb ◽  
C I Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
A Site ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Abstract An albumin dimer (approximately 134 000 Da) was present, along with monomeric albumin, in freshly voided urine but not in serum from a 53-year-old man with alcoholic liver disease and chronic renal failure. The dimerization, evidently via disulfide bonds, resulted in a loss of [125I]thyroxin-binding capacity. This suggests that the S--S bridging is at a site different from that previously reported. The dimer was unstable at all storage temperatures studied.

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