The Effect of Long Term Digoxin Treatment on Erythrocyte Sodium Content and Ouabain Binding Capacity in the Pig

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 11P-11P
Author(s):  
J.A. Whittaker ◽  
M. Hawkins ◽  
R. Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

Erythrocyte Sodium Transport in Chronic Renal Failure

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
G. Clegg ◽  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
Z. Zareian ◽  
F. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Group A ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. Erythrocyte sodium, sodium transport (ouabain-sensitive efflux rate of sodium, oMosNa, and ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant of sodium, oMosNa), sodium-potassium activated ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase) activity and [3H]ouabain-binding capacity were measured in 15 patients with chronic renal failure and in 10 healthy subjects. 2. As a group, patients with chronic renal failure had a lower erythrocyte sodium and oMosNa compared with healthy subjects. 3. When patients were divided according to their erythrocyte sodium (greater or less than 4 mmol/kg of cells), in the group of patients whose erythrocyte sodium was less than 4 mmol/kg of cells (group A) the oMosNa was higher than that in healthy subjects and the oMosNa, Na+, K+-ATPase activity and [3H]ouabain-binding capacity were the same as those in healthy subjects. In the subgroup of patients with renal failure whose erythrocyte sodium content was greater than 4 mmol/kg of cells (group B) the oMosNa was less and plasma urea concentration higher than in group A and Na+, K+-ATPase activity, [3H]ouabain-binding capacity and oMosNa were lower than in healthy subjects. 4. These results suggest that in early chronic renal failure there is stimulation of ‘sodium pumps’ (without alteration in their number), which causes a lowering of erythrocyte sodium content, and that as the disease progresses there is inhibition of the ‘sodium pumps’ as well as a reduction in membrane permeability so that erythrocyte sodium is near normal.

Effect of Hypokalaemia on the Ouabain-Sensitive Sodium Transport and the Ouabain-Binding Capacity in Human Erythrocytes

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jill Rubython ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Efflux Rate Constant

1. The sodium content, the ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux and efflux rate constant and the ouabain-binding capacity were measured in the erythrocytes of 53 patients with hypokalaemia and in 37 healthy controls. The sodium content alone was measured in a further 57 patients with hypokalaemia. 2. In the patients with hypokalaemia there was an increase in the average sodium content of the erythrocytes, which was entirely due to a reduction in the ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant. 3. The ratio of the ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant to the number of sodium pumps was decreased in the patients with hypokalaemia, and was directly related to the plasma potassium. 4. Many patients with moderate hypokalaemia had normal erythrocyte sodium and potassium contents and normal ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant. These patients had an increased number of sodium pumps, which compensated for the inhibitory effect of hypokalaemia on each sodium pump. 5. This increase in the number of sodium pumps was common even in patients who had probably had hypokalaemia for less than 2 weeks. This finding suggests that there are latent sodium pumps within the circulating erythrocytes.

Changes in the Number and Activity of Sodium Pumps in Erythrocytes from Patients with Hyperthyroidism

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jill Rubython ◽  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Sodium Pumps ◽  
Efflux Rate Constant ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

1. The sodium content, the rate and rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux and the number of sodium pumps (indicated by the ouabain-binding capacity) were measured in erythrocytes from patients with hyperthyroidism and compared with values obtained in euthyroid patients and healthy control subjects. Erythrocyte zinc content was measured as a simple estimate of the content of carbonic anhydrase. 2. In the hyperthyroid patients, erythrocyte sodium content was increased, whereas the rate and rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux, the ouabain-binding capacity and erythrocyte zinc content were all decreased. 3. The sodium pumps in hyperthyroidism had the same affinity for ouabain and the same rate constant per pump as those in healthy controls. 4. The decrease in the efflux rate constant could be entirely accounted for by the decrease in the number of sodium pumps. 5. Although the sodium efflux was decreased in the hyperthyroid patients, the change was less than expected for the decrease in the efflux rate constant. This suggests that there is an increase in the ground permeability of the erythrocyte membrane in hyperthyroidism. 6. In the hyperthyroid patients the number of sodium pumps and erythrocyte zinc content were inversely related to the plasma levels of thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine, but more closely to the latter. 7. These results suggest that the thyroid hormones may influence the erythrocyte's content of a range of proteins which happens to include the sodium pump.

Long-Term Exercise Training Selectively Alters Serum Cytokines Involved in Fever

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Johnson Rowsey ◽  
Bonnie L. Metzger ◽  
John Carlson ◽  
Christopher J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Serum Cytokines ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Running Wheels

Long-term exercise training selectively alters serum cytokines involved in fever. Chronic exercise training has a number of effects on the immune system that may mimic the physiological response to fever. Female rats that voluntarily exercise on running wheels develop an elevated daytime core temperature after several weeks of training. It remains to be seen whether the elevation in daytime temperature involves inflammatory patterns characteristic of an infectious fever. We assessed whether chronic exercise training in the rat would alter levels of cytokines involved in fever. Female Sprague Dawley rats at 45 days of age weighing 90—110 g were divided into two groups (exercise and sedentary) and housed at an ambient temperature of 22°C. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), iron, and zinc levels were analyzed. Rats underwent 8 weeks of exercise on running wheels. Exercise led to altered levels of some key cytokines that are involved in fever. Exercise animals had significantly higher IL-1β levels and lower IL-10 levels compared to sedentary animals. Although IL-6 levels were slightly lower in the exercise animals, these levels were not significantly affected by training. TNF-α activity was similar in the two groups. Training also led to a slight increase in serum zinc and decrease in serum unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC). The data suggest that chronic exercise training evokes immune responses that mimic some, but not all, aspects of fever. This may explain why exercise leads to elevated daytime core temperature.

Blood Pressure and Intra-Erythrocyte Sodium during Normal and High Salt Intake in Middle-Aged Men: Relationship to Family History of Hypertension, and Neurogenic and Hormonal Variables

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottar Gudmundsson ◽  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Olof Jonsson ◽  
Thomas Hedner ◽  
Ove Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. During 4 weeks 37 normotensive 50-year-old men identified by screening in a random population sample were given 12 g of NaCl daily, in addition to their usual dietary sodium intake. Blood pressure, heart rate, weight, urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and catecholamines, plasma aldosterone and noradrenaline and intra-erythrocyte sodium content were determined on normal and increased salt intake. The subjects were divided into those with a positive family history of hypertension (n = 11) and those without such a history (n = 26). 2. Systolic blood pressure and weight increased significantly irrespective of a positive family history of hypertension. 3. On normal salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content was significantly higher in those with a positive family history of hypertension. During high salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content decreased significantly in that group and the difference between the hereditary subgroups was no longer significant. 4. In the whole group urinary excretion of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine increased whereas plasma aldosterone decreased during the increased salt intake. 5. Thus, in contrast to some earlier studies performed in young subjects, our results indicate that moderately increased sodium intake acts as a pressor agent in normotensive middle-aged men whether there was a positive family history of hypertension or not. We confirm that men with positive family history of hypertension have an increased intra-erythrocyte sodium content, and that an increase in salt intake seems to increase overall sympathetic activity.

THE EFFECT OF LONG-TERM CORTICOTROPHIN TREATMENT ON THE CORTICOSTEROID-BINDING CAPACITY OF TRANSCORTIN

1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZSUZSANNA ÁCS ◽  
E. STARK ◽  
L. CSÁKI
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Filtration Method

SUMMARY In rats consecutive daily doses of corticotrophin significantly reduced the corticosterone-binding capacity of transcortin as measured by the gel filtration method, even after previous removal of the adrenals or ovaries. Treatment with formalin for 14 days produced similar, though slightly lesser, changes.

Methodological Aspects of Measuring Human Skeletal Muscle Electrolyte Content and Ouabain Binding Capacity

1998 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Stig Djurhuus ◽  
Niels A.H. Klitgaard ◽  
Claus Tveskov ◽  
Klavs Madsen ◽  
Bernadette Guldager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Ouabain Binding ◽  
Electrolyte Content ◽  
Methodological Aspects
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