α-Adrenergic Suppression of Renin Secretion in the Rat Independent of Renal Vasoconstriction

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 161s-163s
Author(s):  
R. Vandongen ◽  
K. D. Strang ◽  
Marianne H. Poesse ◽  
W. H. Birkenhager
Keyword(s):  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction ◽  
Adrenergic Mechanism ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney

1. The effect of α-adrenergic stimulation, with phenylephrine, on isoprenaline-provoked renin secretion was studied in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 2. Infusion of phenylephrine increased renal perfusion pressure and prevented renin secretion in response to isoprenaline. 3. Renal vasoconstriction was abolished and the response in renin secretion to isoprenaline was restored by α-adrenoreceptor blockade with phenoxybenzamine. 4. In contrast, when renal vasoconstriction was prevented by dihydrallazine, suppression of renin release by phenylephrine still occurred. 5. These observations support an inhibitory effect of a non-vascular α-adrenergic mechanism on renin release. It is suggested that the α-receptor mediating this effect is directly related to the renin-producing juxtaglomerular cell.

The Stimulation of Renin Secretion by Non-Vasocontrictor Infusions of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in the Isolated Rat Kidney

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-612
Author(s):  
R. Vandongen ◽  
Dianne M. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction ◽  
Renal Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Secretion Rates ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. The effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on renin secretion in the isolated perfused rat kidney was examined. The doses of catecholamines used were such that renal vasoconstriction and therefore increases in renal perfusion pressure were avoided. Under these conditions adrenaline and noradrenaline significantly increased renin secretion rates, compared with control experiments in which no catecholamine was infused. 2. Mean renal perfusion pressure during both adrenaline and noradrenaline infusion paralleled the control study by showing a progressive fall. 3. Administration of phenoxybenzamine did not impair the stimulation of renin secretion by adrenaline whereas this was prevented by racemic propranolol. 4. These observations suggest that catecholamines stimulate renin secretion by an intrarenal effect which is largely independent of changes in renal perfusion pressure. It is postulated that the beta-adrenoceptors mediating renin secretion are an integral component of the renin-producing cell.

Stimulation of Renin Secretion by Frusemide and Diazoxide in the Isolated Rat Kidney

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 101s-104s
Author(s):  
R. Vandongen ◽  
Dianne M. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Stimulatory Action ◽  
Vasodilatory Effect ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. The effect of diazoxide (17·3 μmol min—1 g—1) and frusemide (0·12 μmol min—1 g—1) on renin secretion was examined in the isolated perfused rat kidney. These substances are potential renal vasodilators with opposite effects on urine sodium excretion. 2. Both agents significantly increased renin secretion rate above control values. In the case of frusemide this was not altered by ureteric occlusion and presumed absence of urine flow. 3. Mean renal perfusion pressure decreased to the same extent with diazoxide and frusemide infusion as in the control experiments and no additional vasodilatory effect was observed on the basis of changes in flow rate of perfusate. 4. These observations identify an intrarenal site of action for diazoxide and frusemide on renin secretion. The apparent independence of this stimulatory action on renal vasodilatation and urine flow suggests a direct effect on the renin-producing cell.

The Inhibition of Renin Secretion by Alpha-Adrenergic Stimulation in the Isolated Rat Kidney

1974 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vandongen ◽  
W. S. Peart
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Renal Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Adrenergic Activity

1. The respective role of alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptors in mediating the effect of catecholamines on renin secretion was examined in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 2. Noradrenaline, which has combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic activity, stimulated renin secretion only in the presence of the alpha-receptor blocking agent phenoxybenzamine. This stimulatory effect was largely prevented by the addition of the beta-blocking agent, propranolol. The vasoconstrictor action of noradrenaline, and thus the rise in mean renal perfusion pressure, was abolished by phenoxybenzamine. Our previous finding that noradrenaline alone stimulated renin release was inconclusive (Vandongen, Peart & Boyd, 1973). 3. Noradrenaline stimulated renin secretion when calcium was excluded from the perfusion fluid, to which disodium EDTA (25 mmol/l) was added. The vasoconstrictor action of noradrenaline was considerably attenuated under these conditions. 4. Methoxamine, which has only alpha-adrenergic activity, did not increase renin secretion when infused alone or with phenoxybenzamine. The increase in renin secretion after beta-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol was significantly suppressed by methoxamine, although this was associated with an increase in mean renal perfusion pressure. 5. These findings indicate the importance of intrarenal beta-adrenergic receptors in the stimulation of renin secretion and suggest that an opposite inhibitory effect on renin secretion follows alpha-adrenergic activity. 6. Although the results do not exclude a direct effect of vascular tone and renal perfusion pressure, it is suggested that the stimulation and inhibition of renin secretion is related to smooth muscle activity by the involvement of a calcium-dependent process similar to that involved in contraction and relaxation. This would accord with the common derivation of the renin-producing and vascular smooth muscle cells

Blockade of Renin Release by Lanthanum

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 31s-32s
Author(s):  
A. G. Logan ◽  
I. Tenyi ◽  
T. Quesada ◽  
W. S. Peart ◽  
A. S. Breathnach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. The effects of lanthanum on renin release and renal vasoconstriction were studied in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 2. Lanthanum reduced noradrenaline-induced renal vasoconstriction. 3. Lanthanum prevented isoprenaline-induced and glucagon-induced stimulation of renin secretion.

Stimulation of renin release in perfused kidney by low calcium and high magnesium

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (4) ◽  
pp. F377-F382 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Fray
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Stimulation Of

These experiments were designed to test whether changing perfusate calcium or magnesium concentrations affected renin release in the isolated perfused rat kidney, and whether kidneys removed from sodium-loaded or sodium-deprived rats released the same amount of renin in response to identical stimuli. Kidneys were perfused with Kreb-Henseleit solution containing albumin. Renin release was inversely related to perfusate calcium concentration, whereas renin release was directly related to perfusate magnesium. Although a low calcium medium or low perfusion pressure (50 mmHg) stimulated renin release, the release was substantially greater in the sodium-deprived rats. Increasing the perfusate sodium concentration from 85 to 206 mM increased excretion, but did not alter renin release. It is concluded that a) low perfusate calcium and high magnesium concentrations stimulate renin release, b) kidneys removed from sodium-deprived rats released substantially more renin thatn those from sodium-loaded rats, and c) changing perfusate sodium concentration alters sodium excretion, but does not affect renin release.

Low concentrations of ANP cause pressure-dependent natriuresis in the isolated kidney

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. F391-F396 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Firth ◽  
A. E. Raine ◽  
J. G. Ledingham
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Isolated Kidney ◽  
Renal Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney

The effect of alteration in renal perfusion pressure on the response of the isolated perfused rat kidney to concentrations of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) within the pathophysiological range has been examined. At a perfusion pressure of 90 mmHg ANP concentrations of 50, 200, and 1,000 pmol/l were without effect on any parameter tested. At a perfusion pressure of 130 mmHg 50 pmol/l ANP produced an increase of 3.13 +/- 0.68 mumol/min in sodium excretion (UNa V), compared with a fall of 0.33 +/- 1.04 mumol/min in controls (P less than 0.02); fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) rose by 1.45 +/- 0.36% vs. -0.12 +/- 0.47% (P less than 0.05); glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was unchanged. At 200 and 1,000 pmol/l larger changes in UNa V and FENa were seen; only at 1,000 pmol/l was a significant effect on GFR observed. In contrast, frusemide (furosemide) at concentrations of 10 and 100 mumol/l was natriuretic at both 90 and 130 mmHg, with lesser absolute but greater proportional changes being seen at the lower pressure. It was concluded 1) the response of the isolated kidney to ANP is critically dependent on perfusion pressure, 2) at elevated levels of perfusion pressure the isolated kidney can respond to levels of ANP within the upper physiological and pathophysiological range.

Adrenergic regulation of renin secretion and renal hemodynamics during deliberate hypotension in humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (5) ◽  
pp. F686-F692
Author(s):  
V. M. Zayas ◽  
J. D. Blumenfeld ◽  
B. Bading ◽  
M. McDonald ◽  
G. D. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Beta Agonist ◽  
Sympathetic Blockade ◽  
Distal Nephron ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Deliberate Hypotension ◽  
Arterial Blood

To assess the relative contributions of neural and nonneural stimuli of renin secretion, the effects of an alpha 1-agonist, phenylephrine (Phe), or a beta-agonist, epinephrine (Epi), on plasma renin activity (PRA), renal blood flow (RBF), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were compared during sympathetic blockade with epidural hypotensive anesthesia [mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) = 60 and 50 mmHg]. Controls (NaCl) received saline alone to maintain MAP at 50 mmHg. Epi increased PRA (ng.ml-1.h-1) from 0.9 +/- 0.6 to 3.0 +/- 1.5 at 60 mmHg MAP and 4.7 +/- 1.8 at 50 mmHg MAP, with associated decreases in RBF (-33 and -60%, respectively) and GFR (-27 and -53%, respectively). During hypotension with Phe and NaCl, PRA and RBF were unchanged from baseline but GFR decreased. Urinary Na secretion decreased comparably in all three groups. In conclusion, during sympathetic blockade with epidural anesthesia, marked reductions in both renal perfusion pressure and distal nephron Na delivery were insufficient to increase renin secretion. beta-Adrenergic stimulation (e.g., Epi) was required to increase PRA. Epi decreased RBF suggesting an angiotensin II-mediated effect.

Inhibition of Renin Secretion in the Isolated Rat Kidney by Antidiuretic Hormone

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vandongen
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Renal Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Isolated Rat Kidney ◽  
Isolated Rat

1. The effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on isoprenaline-stimulated renin secretion was examined in the isolated rat kidney perfused with modified Krebs-Ringer saline. 2. Intrarenal infusion of ADH effectively prevented stimulation of renin secretion by isoprenaline whilst increasing renal perfusion pressure. 3. The exclusion of calcium ions from the perfusion medium abolished the vasoconstrictor effect of ADH and attenuated the inhibitory effect of ADH on isoprenaline-stimulated renin secretion. However, significant suppression of renin secretion was still apparent compared with experiments where isoprenaline was infused alone. 4. These observations indicate that ADH inhibits renin secretion and that this is effected by a direct action on the kidney. Although this may be partly mediated by the rise in renal perfusion pressure, an additional direct effect of ADH on the renin-producing cell, which is dependent on the availability of calcium ions, is proposed.

scholarly journals Adrenergic Stimulation of Renin Secretion in the Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT VANDONGEN ◽  
W. STANLEY PEART ◽  
GRAHAME W. BOYD
Keyword(s):  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Stimulation Of

Effects of variations in renal hemodynamics on the time course of renin secretion rate

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (6) ◽  
pp. F784-F791
Author(s):  
S. Simchon ◽  
S. Chien
Keyword(s):  
Time Constant ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Renal Hemodynamics ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction ◽  
Nitroprusside Infusion

The effects of variations in renal hemodynamics on the time course of renin secretion were studied in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital-chloralose. Hemodynamic changes were induced either locally in kidneys perfused in situ via an extracorporeal circuit (with or without a pump system) or systemically by hemorrhage or nitroprusside infusion. In the autoperfused kidney the reduction of renal perfusion pressure to approximately one-half of the arterial pressure by inflow occlusion caused an increase in renal conductance (renal vasodilation) and an increase in renin secretion rate (RSR). In the pump-perfused kidney, a step increase in renal blood flow (RBF) caused renal vasoconstriction and a decrease in RSR; a step decrease in RBF caused renal vasodilation and an increase in RSR. Following step changes in RBF, the time constant of the alterations of renal conductance was 56.5 s, and the time constant of the RSR responses was 80.1 s. The total time required to reach a steady state for RSR lagged behind that for renal conductance by approximately 5 min. These differences reflect the time needed for the kidney to release renin in response to changes in renal vascular caliber. The results suggest that renin release occurs in response to the autoregulatory dilation of the renal arterioles. When systemic hypotension was induced by nitroprusside infusion, RSR also increased together with the renal conductance. Following hemorrhage, however, RSR increased despite a decrease in renal conductance, reflecting the role of neurohumoral factors in causing renin release in this case. The comparison of renin secretion following different types of hemodynamic alterations serves to elucidate the mechanisms of renin secretion.

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