Arterial Wall Renin and Renal Venous Renin in the Hypertensive Rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine B. Garst ◽  
S. Koletsky ◽  
P. E. Wisenbaugh ◽  
Magdalena Hadady ◽  
D. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Spontaneous Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Long Duration

1. Infusion of sufficient renin to raise the blood pressure of normal rats to hypertensive levels resulted in increased renin in the arterial wall. 2. Arterial wall renin and renal venous renin were normal in younger spontaneously hypertensive rats, but in older spontaneously hypertensive rats arterial wall renin was significantly increased and renal venous renin was significantly decreased. 3. Arterial wall renin in rats with either acute or chronic two-kidney Goldblatt renal hypertension was significantly increased, whereas circulatory renin was elevated in the former, but depressed in the latter. 4. Arterial wall renin may play a role in the maintenance of acute and chronic renal hypertension and also perhaps of spontaneous hypertension of long duration in older rats.

Microvascular Effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus on Cardiovascular Disorders

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (06) ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Gomes ◽  
André M. Marques ◽  
Obadia Nathalie ◽  
Marcos Adriano Lessa ◽  
Eduardo Tibiriçá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Microvascular Blood Flow ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Echinodorus grandiflorus is a semiaquatic plant native to Brazil and belongs to the Alismataceae family. Infusion preparations of the leaves of this plant are often used due to its diuretic, blood pressure lowering, and anti-inflammatory properties. Our aim was to investigate the effects of chronic treatment with the crude hydroalcoholic extract of E. grandiflorus on central and peripheral microvascular changes induced in a model of hypertension and diabetes. The hemodynamic and microvascular effects of E. grandiflorus extract (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day for 28 days) or the isolated major diterpene from E. grandiflorus (3 to 10 mg/kg i. v.) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats using tail plethysmography and intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy, respectively, and were compared to vehicle-treated normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. We also investigated the protective effects of chronic treatment with E. grandiflorus (100 mg/kg/day) in brain capillary density and leukocyte-endothelium interactions on the brain vessels of DM-spontaneously (DM: diabetes mellitus) hypertensive rats. Chronically treating spontaneously hypertensive rats with increasing doses of crude hydroalcoholic E. grandiflorus extract resulted in significant dose-dependent reductions in systolic blood pressure and an anti-inflammatory effect on the brain microcirculation of DM-spontaneously hypertensive rat animals. Using laser speckle contrast imaging, we observed that intravenous administration of the major isolated clerodane diterpene metabolite (1 – 10 mg/kg) increased microvascular blood flow by 25% in spontaneously hypertensive rat skeletal muscle. The results of this study show that E. grandiflorus extracts can be useful in the prevention and reduction of microcirculatory damage in arterial hypertension and other diseases that involve microvascular dysfunction.

Blood pressure QTL that differentiate Dahl salt-sensitive and spontaneously hypertensive rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL R. GARRETT ◽  
YASSER SAAD ◽  
HOWARD DENE ◽  
JOHN P. RAPP
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Lod Score ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
A Genome ◽  
S Allele

Garrett, Michael R., Yasser Saad, Howard Dene, and John P. Rapp. Blood pressure QTL that differentiate Dahl salt-sensitive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Genomics 3: 33–38, 2000.—Our purpose was to define quantitative trait loci (QTL) for blood pressure that differ between two widely used hypertensive rat strains, the Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rat and the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). A genome scan was done on an F2 (S × SHR) population fed 8% NaCl for 4 wk. Three blood pressure QTL were detected, one on each of rat chromosomes (chr) 3, 8, and 9. For the chr 3 QTL the SHR allele increased blood pressure, and for chr 8 and 9 the S allele increased blood pressure. The QTL on chr 9 was exceptionally strong, having a LOD score of 7.3 and accounting for 30% of the phenotypic variance and a difference of 40 mmHg between homozygotes. A review of the literature in conjunction with the present data suggests that S and SHR are not different for the previously described prominent blood pressure QTL on chr 1, 2, 10, and 13. QTL for body weight on chr 4, 12, 18, and 20, each with an effect of about 30 g, were incidentally observed.

scholarly journals Combined antihypertensive effect of unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. and Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. Extracts in 1 kidney-1 clip hypertensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyi Park ◽  
Ki Hoon Lee ◽  
Hakjoon Choi ◽  
Goeun Jang ◽  
Wan Seok Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Rubus Coreanus ◽  
Hypertensive Rat

Abstract Background We previously showed that enzymatically hydrolyzed Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. leaf (Hy-DP) and unripe Rubus coreanus Miq. (5-uRCK) extracts exhibit potent vasodilator effects on isolated aortic rings from rats partly through endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent mechanisms. These two extracts have different mechanisms of action; however, their combined effect on antihypertensive activity has not been explored. Methods The present study aims to investigate the effect of a chronic optimized mixture (HDR-2, composed of Hy-DP and 5-uRCK in a 2:1 mass ratio) on vascular tension and blood pressure in two different hypertensive rat models. Results The results showed that HDR-2 concentration-dependently relaxed endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine. Antihypertensive effects were assessed in vivo on a 1 kidney-1 clip (1 K-1C) rat model of hypertension and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Acute HDR-2 treatment significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) 3 h posttreatment in both models. Chronic HDR-2 administration also significantly decreased SBP in the hypertensive rat models. Moreover, HDR-2 increased eNOS protein expression and phosphorylation levels in the aorta. Conclusion Chronic HDR-2 administration may effectively improve vascular function by decreasing plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and AngII levels. HDR-2 significantly improved acetylcholine (ACh)-induced aortic endothelium-dependent relaxation and affected sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced endothelium-independent relaxation in SHRs.

Long-Term Fructose versus Corn Starch Feeding in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

1995 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet R. van der Schaaf ◽  
Jaap A. Joles ◽  
Arie van Tol ◽  
Hein A. Koomans
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat

1. Fructose feeding, as opposed to vegetable starch feeding, has been shown to elevate blood pressure and to decrease insulin sensitivity in normotensive rats. The long-term relevance of this is unclear, and data in hypertensive strains are scarce. 2. We studied the effects of 27 weeks of a fructose-versus a corn-starch-enriched (69.5% w/w) diet in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 3. In both dietary groups, blood pressure increased with ageing, with no apparent difference between the diets. The fructose-fed rats gained less weight. However, even selecting fructose-fed rats that matched the weight gain in the corn starch group, did not reveal a significant elevation of systolic blood pressure over time. 4. Extracellular fluid volume was comparable in fructose-fed and corn-starch-fed rats. No effects on creatinine clearance, proteinuria or renal histology were found. Fasting values of plasma triacylgycerols and cholesterol were increased mildly after 2 weeks on the fructose diet. However, fasting glucose and insulin measured after 2 weeks, and the response to an intraperitoneal glucose load, were no different. After 23 weeks of the diets, fasting values of plasma glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols and cholesterol did not differ. There were small differences in the response of plasma glucose levels to the intraperitoneal glucose load, but the area under the curve was not different. The baseline insulin resistance present in spontaneously hypertensive rats possibly blunts the metabolic response to dietary fructose. 5. After 27 weeks, the diets were switched in crossover design, and measurements were continued until 39 weeks. The fructose diet did not elevate systolic blood pressure in this follow-up experiment. 6. To summarize, long-term fructose versus corn starch feeding did not increase systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Metabolic variables were transiently affected and renal function was undisturbed. These findings suggest that long-term fructose feeding, compared with other dietary carbohydrates, is not specifically harmful in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Hypotensive Effects of Captopril, Saralasin and Bromocriptine in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 79s-82s ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hutchinson ◽  
A. E. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Dose Dependent

1. Neurosecretion of peptides from superfused neurohypophyses in vitro was inhibited by dopamine. 2. This inhibition was dose-dependent. 3. Intravenous injection of the dopamine agonist, bromocriptine, lowered blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats within 15 min. 4. Saralasin or captopril also lowered blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, but progressively over a period of 3 h. 5. The results suggest that dopamine and angiotensin have opposite effects on the neurosecretion of vasopressin. 6. Vasopressin appears to be involved in maintenance of blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat but is apparently not the only factor.

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