Different Responses of Active and Inactive Plasma Renin to Various Stimuli

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 155s-157s ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Rumpf ◽  
B. Schächterle ◽  
S. Schmidt ◽  
K. Becker ◽  
F. Scheler
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Inactive Renin ◽  
Normal Human

1. The response of active and inactive plasma renin to orthostasis and frusemide and to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin was tested in normal human volunteers. 2. Active renin increased by orthostasis and frusemide and decreased by indomethacin. The latter also blunted the increase of active renin after stimuli. 3. Inactive renin was slightly increased by orthostasis, but was not significantly influenced by acute administration of frusemide or inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin. 4. The results show differences in the response of active and inactive renin to stimuli and suppression. Opposite changes of active and inactive renin were not observed in the experimental conditions studied.

Two-Site Direct Immunoassay Specific for Active Renin

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1959-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Simon ◽  
D J Hartmann ◽  
G Badouaille ◽  
G Caillot ◽  
T T Guyenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Beads ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Active Plasma ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Human Renin ◽  
Direct Immunoassay ◽  
Inactive Renin ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

Abstract A sensitive immunoradiometric assay, without an enzymatic step and specific for active human renin, was developed with use of two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). In this assay system, the first MAb was coupled to magnetic beads (Magnogel); the second one, directed against the active form of the enzyme, was radiolabeled with 125I. The specificity of this assay was demonstrated in experiments measuring the active plasma renin concentration in the presence or absence of inactive renin. The assay, performed in two steps, was sensitive enough to detect 0.9 pg of renin per tube (3.5 ng/L). Intra- or interassay CVs were < 10%. Concentrations of active plasma renin measured in normotensive subjects were between 7 and 40 ng/L.

Effect of prostaglandin inhibition by indomethacin on plasma active and inactive renin concentration in men

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1355-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lijnen ◽  
J. Staessen ◽  
R. Fagard ◽  
A. Amery
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Inactive Renin ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Total P ◽  
Rest And Exercise

The effect of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin on active renin and on acid-activable inactive renin was studied in nine healthy, sodium-replete men, both at rest and exercise. These volunteers were investigated after pretreatment with placebo or indomethacin, 150 mg daily for 3 days. Indomethacin induced a decrease in active (p = 0.004), total (p < 0.001), and inactive (p = 0.02) renin at rest recumbent on average by 42, 19, and 8%, respectively, and at rest sitting on average by 45, 15, and 3%, respectively. Inhibition of prostaglandins with indomethacin reduced (p < 0.001) active and total renin at each level of work load but not (p = 0.32) inactive renin. However, the exercise-induced stimulation (p < 0.05) of active and total renin still occur during indomethacin. Indomethacin reduced (p < 0.001) at rest sitting and at maximal exercise the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive prostaglandins E2 by 50 and 54%, respectively, prostaglandin F2α by 36 and 39%, respectively, and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin Fα by 38 and 60%, respectively. The urinary excretion of immunoreactive prostaglandin E2 and F2α was also reduced.Key words: indomethacin, prorenin, active renin, prostaglandins.

Active and inactive renin in primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency and during ACTH infusion

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Lutz Belkien ◽  
Petra Exner ◽  
Wolfgang Oelkers
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renal Secretion ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Group I ◽  
Inactive Renin ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Peripheral Activation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract. Prolonged low-dose ACTH infusion leads to a transient stimulation of plasma renin activity (PRA) and angiotensin II. In part 1 of the present study (infusion of 10 IU of ACTH per day for 38 h into 6 normal young males), it was shown that the concentration of active renin (aPRC) increases in parallel to PRA. Thus, the rise in PRA is either due to net active renin secretion by the kidney or to increased conversion of inactive into active renin. Since the plasma concentration of inactive renin (iPRC) tended to rise rather than to fall during ACTH infusion, peripheral activation of inactive renin is probably not the cause of the rise in aPRC. Part 2 of the study consisted in the measurement of plasma ACTH, cortisol, PRA, aPRC and iPRC in 10 patients (group I) with primary adrenocortical insufficiency (8 Addisonians, 2 adrenalectomized Cushing's) and in 9 patients with hypopituitarism (group II) after short-term withdrawal of hydrocortisone substition therapy. ACTH was 1770 ± 390 pg/ml in the former and 20 ± 4 pg/ml in the latter group. PRA and aPRC were higher and the ratio iPRC:aPRC lower in group I than in group II. This might indicate stimulation of active renin formation by ACTH. However, it is unlikely that the higher aPRC levels in group I are due to increased peripheral activation of inactive renin, since the relationship between aPRC and the ratio iPRC:aPRC fell on the same curve in both groups. ACTH or an ACTH-dependent mechanism raises aPRC, probably by stimulating its renal secretion rather than by peripheral activation of inactive renin.

Dietary protein increases plasma renin and reduces pressor reactivity to angiotensin II

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (1) ◽  
pp. F34-F39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Paller ◽  
T. H. Hostetter
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis

The effect of dietary protein on the renin-angiotensin system was studied in rats. Rats were fed isocaloric, 50% (high protein, HP), or 6% (low protein, LP) protein diets with identical electrolyte content for 10 days. Food intake and electrolyte excretion were equivalent on the two diets. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was higher in HP (10.0 +/- 2.5 vs. 3.5 +/- 0.5 ng ANG I . ml-1 . h-1, P less than 0.02) as was plasma aldosterone. However, in conscious rats mean arterial pressure (MAP) was not different between groups. The pressor response to graded doses of angiotensin II (ANG II) was diminished by 30-60% with HP (all doses, P less than 0.05). ANG II binding by mesenteric artery smooth muscle particles did not differ between HP and LP. Chronic administration of captopril did not normalize the pressor response in HP. Urinary prostaglandin (PG) E and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha excretion was markedly increased by the HP diet. Acute inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with meclofenamate restored the pressor response to ANG II in HP to that in LP. In summary, a HP diet increased PRA, plasma aldosterone, urinary PGE, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and decreased pressor responsiveness to ANG II. Resistance to ANG II was not reversed by chronic converting enzyme inhibition but was abolished by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

Renin Response to Volume Contraction and Indomethacin in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Cangiano ◽  
Carmen Rodriguez-Sargent ◽  
L. Nascimento ◽  
M. Martinez-Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Volume Contraction ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

1. The effects of volume contraction and indomethacin on renin response were examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto normotensive rats. Volume contraction was induced by frusemide or by salt-restricted diet combined with frusemide administration. 2. Plasma renin levels were not altered by either procedure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (5.2 ± 0.8 versus 5.6 ± 0.9 ng h−1 ml−1). Normotensive rats responded to volume contraction with a sharp increase in plasma renin activity (13.1 ± 1.2 to 23.3 ± 1.1 ng h−1 ml−1). 3. Intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin for 1 week did not alter basal renin levels in either group. In contrast, indomethacin pretreatment caused renin to rise in response to frusemide in spontaneously hypertensive rats (4.7 ± 0.8 to 27.1 ± 1.8 ng h−1 ml−1). 4. These findings suggest that a prostaglandin normally inhibits the renin response of spontaneously hypertensive rats to frusemide-induced volume contraction. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis allows volume contraction to stimulate renin release.

The cat: an animal model for studies of inactive renin

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (4) ◽  
pp. E509-E518
Author(s):  
N. Glorioso ◽  
C. Troffa ◽  
J. H. Laragh ◽  
S. A. Atlas ◽  
D. Marion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Inhibitor ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Sodium Depletion ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Inactive Renin ◽  
High Concentrations

Inactive renin, prorenin, is found in high concentrations in human plasma. We report herein the characteristics of trypsin-activated inactive renin from cat kidney and plasma. Cat and human plasma inactive renin were activated by similar concentrations of trypsin. As in humans, there was more inactive than active renin in cat plasma; also, inactive renin was low but detectable after nephrectomy. Trypsin-activated renal inactive renin, purified on Cibacron blue agarose and pepstatin-amino-hexyl-Sepharose chromatography, was inhibited by pepstatin and by a renin inhibitor similarly to cat and human active renins. The pH optimum of cat renin was biphasic: the higher peak of active renin was at pH 5.7, whereas that of activated inactive renin was at pH 7.5. As in humans, active and inactive plasma renin increased during sodium depletion and inactive renin increased during beta-adrenergic blockade, while active renin decreased. These results demonstrate that cat inactive renin is similar to human prorenin. Therefore, the cat may be a useful model for the study of prorenin.

The Basal Levels of Active and Inactive Plasma Renin Concentration in Infancy and Childhood

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fiselier ◽  
F. Derkx ◽  
L. Monnens ◽  
P. Van Munster ◽  
P. Peer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Inactive Renin

1. Basal plasma renin activity, active and inactive plasma renin concentration were measured in 89 healthy recumbent children aged between 1 week and 16 years. 2. A significant (P<0.001) age-related decrease for active (r = −0.60), inactive (r = −0.59) and total renin concentration (r = −0.66) was observed. 3. After correction for the influence of age, active renin concentration correlated with plasma renin activity (r = 0.81), but not with inactive renin concentration (r = 0.18). 4. The proportions of active and inactive renin were not related to age, and the overall percentage of inactive renin was 79%.

Control of Enzymatically Inactive Renin in man under Various Pathological Conditions: Implications for the Interpretation of Renin Measurements in Peripheral and Renal Venous Plasma

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. M. Derkx ◽  
G. J. Wenting ◽  
A. J. Man In 'T Veld ◽  
R. P. Verhoeven ◽  
M. A. D. H. Schalekamp
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Renovascular Hypertension ◽  
Renal Vein ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Inactive Renin

1. Human plasma contains two types of renin: one is active in its native form (active renin), the other has renin-like activity after exposure to low pH (inactive renin). Reactions of acid-activated plasma renin and kidney renin with either homologous or heterologous substrate showed identical Km values. 2. Peripheral venous values for active and inactive renin in essential hypertension (n = 22), renovascular hypertension (n = 14), primary aldosteronism (n = 12), adrenal insufficiency (n = 6) and control subjects (n = 13) were directly correlated. But the percentage of renin that was active varied widely. 3. After bilateral nephrectomy in 12 patients both active and inactive plasma renin fell, but did not completely disappear. Estimates of half-life in two patients were 30–80 min for active renin and 150–165 min for inactive renin. 4. Renal vein to peripheral vein ratios of active and inactive renin in ten patients with essential hypertension (19 determinations) ranged from 0·96 to 1·60 and from 0·68 to 1·44 respectively with mean values (±sem) of 1·21 ± 0·04 and 1·06 ± 0·05. 5. The renal vein to peripheral vein ratio of active renin on the affected side in 13 out of 17 patients with renovascular hypertension was above the range found in essential hypertension. Six of them also had an elevated ratio of inactive renin on that side, which indicated renal release of this form of renin into the circulation. But, in contrast to the renal vein to peripheral vein ratio of active renin, the mean value of the ratio of inactive renin on the affected side was not significantly higher than on the contralateral side. The results suggest a renal mechanism not only for controlling the total quantity of circulating renin but also for modulating its degree of activation.

VARIATIONS IN PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND URINARY ALDOSTERONE EXCRETION IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AFTER SALT RESTRICTION AND ACUTE PITUITARY INHIBITION WITH 6-DEHYDRO-16-METHYLENE HYDROCORTISONE

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
A. Peytremann ◽  
R. Veyrat ◽  
A. F. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Salt Restriction ◽  
Aldosterone Production

ABSTRACT Variations in plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone excretion were studied in normal subjects submitted to salt restriction and simultaneous inhibition of ACTH production with a new synthetic steroid, 6-dehydro-16-methylene hydrocortisone (STC 407). At a dose of 10 mg t. i. d. this preparation exerts an inhibitory effect on the pituitary comparable to that of 2 mg of dexamethasone. In subjects maintained on a restricted salt intake, STC 407 does not delay the establishment of an equilibrium in sodium balance. The increases in endogenous aldosterone production and in plasma renin activity are also similar to those seen in the control subjects. A possible mineralocorticoid effect of STC 407 can be excluded. Under identical experimental conditions, the administration of dexamethasone yielded results comparable to those obtained with STC 407.

Antipyretic Activity of the Root Extracts of Xylocarpus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Ganesh Kumar Y ◽  
Pranitha D ◽  
Phaneendra D ◽  
Madhava Reddy Ch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Elevated Body Temperature

Various types of conditions exist in the body that causes fever and pain. Drugs that are used to treat fever are called antipyretics, and those are usually prescribed to treat elevated body temperature. But those drugs result in many other side effects like ulcers, perforations, bleedings and obstructions, which make their use questionable and limiting. Medicinal plants are used in the treatment of diseases from the starting of the human race and the process; they had been subjected to rigorous investigations and tests to establish a scientific proof and validation of the various pharmacological activities and their respective mechanisms of action in treating the herbs. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of the plant, Xylocarpus mekongesis was investigated for its antipyretic activity in yeast method and 3doses out of which 00mg/kg body weight showed a better activity compared to the standard drug and other extracts too. The mechanism of action was similar to the paracetamol action that is inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

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