The Causation of Splenomegaly in Schistosomiasis in Mice

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-401
Author(s):  
Adel A. F. Mahmoud ◽  
A. W. Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Haematological Changes

1. Mice were infected with fertile bisexual Schistosoma mansoni and compared with similar animals infected with unisexual worms or sterile bisexual worms. 2. A significant increase in splenic weight occurred in all infected animals. 3. Administration of well-tolerated doses of 6-mercaptopurine abolished the increase in relative splenic weight in animals infected with ordinary S. mansoni. 4. In splenectomized uninfected mice leucocytosis but no other haematological changes developed. 5. In splenectomized mice lower values for packed cell volume were observed 8 weeks after, but not 12 weeks after, infection with S. mansoni. 6. Slight prolongation of the life-span of erythrocytes occurred in splenectomized infected mice. 7. It is concluded that anaemia in schistosomiasis depends to a significant extent on immunity developed to adult schistosomal worms and can develop in the absence of schistosomal ova. 8. The anaemia resulting from such an immune response may be suppressed by administration of 6-mercaptopurine. 9. Such anaemia occurs even in splenectomized mice; thus hypersplenism is not necessary for its development although splenectomy slightly prolongs the erythrocyte life-span.

scholarly journals Immune response kinetics in Nigerian indigenous chickens challenged with attenuated Salmonella

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
M. A. Opoola ◽  
A. S. Adenaike ◽  
O. A. Jegede ◽  
N. I Akutubuola ◽  
A. J. Fajemisin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
High Titre ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Indigenous Chickens

Salmonella infection is a major cause of death in chickens and this disease can be transferred through meat and egg to humans. The use of antibiotics and vaccines in the prevention and control of this infection are not totally efficient and also have their side effects. Therefore, genetic control is a better approach in finding a lasting solution. One hundred and ten chickens (4th generation) comprising the three genotypes of Nigerian indigenous chickens(NIC) that had shown divergent response (high vs low) to sheep red blood cells antigens were used in this study to investigate the immune response kinetics in NIC after challenged with attenuated Salmonella. There were six classes namely, high titre normal, low titre normal, high titre frizzle, low titre frizzle, high titre naked neck and low titre naked neck. Haematological parameters: packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb),red blood cells count (RBC), white blood cells count (WBC), heterophils (H), lymphocytes (L), eosinophils (E), basophils (B), monocytes (M) and heterophils-lymphocytes ratio (HLR) were used to assess the immune responses of the chickens and data collected were subjected to General Linear Model procedure of SAS 9.2 version. The results showed that genotypeantibody titre had significant effect (p<0.05) on the immune response parameters but sex had no significant effect (p>0.05), while sex by genotype-antibody titre interaction had significant effect (p<0.05). The immune response kinetics of the chickens after challenge with attenuated Salmonella was shown by the significance of the effect of days of blood collection after challenge. High titre naked neck chickens recorded the highest PCV, Hb and RBC values while genotype-antibody titre had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the rest of the parameters. Low titre naked neck males recorded the highest PCV, HB and RBC values while the rest of the parameters were not significant (p>0.05). Generally, days had significant effect (p<0.05) on all the immune response parameters except on H, L and HLR. The study showed that the high titre naked neck males were least affected by the Salmonella vaccine in terms of decrease in packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood cell count while the low titre normal females were most affected.

Relationships between Oesophagostomum columbianum infection and the nutritional status of sheep. II. Haematological changes

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Bawden
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
The Mean

Young sheep maintained on a low protein ration showed significant reductions in haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, and number of circulating erythrocytes following infection with 1500 Oesophagostomum columbianum larvae. Similar infections of sheep maintained on a high protein ration had no significant effect on the various haematological values. The development of anaemia in the inadequately fed sheep was more severe in those animals which had been infected with five consecutive daily doses of 300 larvae than in those which had received 1500 larvae in a single dose. Little change was apparent throughout the experiment in the values for the mean corpuscular values of volume, haemoglobin, and haemoglobin concentration.

Clinical Features of Epistaxis in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 35 Cases (1999–2002)

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Strasser ◽  
Eleanor C. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Facial Deformity

Epistaxis was retrospectively evaluated in 35 dogs. Systemic disease was diagnosed in seven dogs and intranasal disease in 29. Nineteen dogs with intranasal disease had neoplasia. Dogs with neoplasia were older (mean 10.0 years) than dogs with nonneoplastic intranasal disease (mean 5.6 years). Signs persisting for &gt;1 month occurred more often in dogs with intranasal than systemic disease. Unilateral epistaxis did not distinguish intranasal from systemic disease. Only dogs with intranasal disease had facial deformity, decreased airflow, or regional sub-mandibular lymphadenopathy. Dogs with systemic disease had a lower packed cell volume (mean 31.8%) than dogs with intranasal disease (mean 42.7%).

scholarly journals Synergistic action of praziquantel and host specific immune response against Schistosoma mansoni at different phases of infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ribeiro ◽  
Rômulo Teixeira de Mello ◽  
Carlos Alberto Pereira Tavares ◽  
John Robert Kusel ◽  
Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Specific Immune Response ◽  
Concomitant Immunity

The interaction between specific immune response to Schistosoma mansoni and praziquantel (PZQ) was studied in mice. In mice harboring concomitant immunity, 6-day-old parasites treated with PZQ were more effectively removed than 24h treated parasites despite both had a significant worm burden reduction when compared with respective treated controls. These results show that PZQ can be effective at the skin and lung stages of parasite's development mainly acting with a established specific immune response, and particularly at the lung phase.

scholarly journals Impact of parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension on birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery of their babies

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3038-3044
Author(s):  
Helen Chioma Okoye ◽  
Chilota Chibuife Efobi ◽  
Josephat Maduabuchi Chinawa ◽  
Odutola Israel Odetunde ◽  
Awoere Tamunosiki Chinawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Hypertensive Group ◽  
The Impact

Background: Maternal factors are determinants of birth outcome which includes birth weight, haematological indices and mode of delivery of their babies.Objectives: To determine the impact of parity and gestational age of hypertensive mothers on some neonatal variables.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study of measurement of neonatal variables (birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery) among hypertensive mothers and their controls was conducted over a period of six months. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS), version 20.Results: There were statistically significant differences in means between the neonates of the hypertensive group and non-hypertensive group for maternal age (t =1.61, p = 0.002), baby weight (t =2.87, p < 0.001), haemoglobin (Hb) (t =4.65, p = 0.010) and packed cell volume (PCV) (t =4.75, p = 0.009), but none for gravidity (t =1.95, p = 0.927)For all subjects, there was poor correlation between gestational age and variables; birth weight , haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), nucleated red blood cell (nRBC) and parity. Likewise, parity poorly correlated with variables; age, birth weight, Hb, PCV, and nRBC. There was a statistically significant association between mode of delivery and hypertension (χ2 =53.082, p <0.001) but none with having a family history of hypertension (χ2 =1.13, p = 0.287).Conclusion: Parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension have no impact on birth weight and red cells when compared with their non-hypertensive counterparts. However, mothers of babies delivered by elective and emergency caesarean section were about 2-3 times more likely to be hypertensive than those that delivered through spontaneous vertex delivery.Keywords: Hypertension; neonate; gestational age; parity.

scholarly journals The use of a standard operating procedure in the analysis of canine packed cell volume

2018 ◽  
pp. 457-458
Author(s):  
Craig R Breheny ◽  
Jorge Perez-Accino Salgado ◽  
Nicholas X Bommer ◽  
Ian Handel ◽  
Adam G Gow
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Operating Procedure ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Standard Operating

scholarly journals Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
I. Iwanegbe ◽  
M. Suleiman ◽  
A. Jimah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination. Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl). Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals The using effects of Nettle herb in elevating Hb&PCV levels

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Boiled Water ◽  
Age And Sex

A dose of ten grams of the roots and leaves of Nettle (Urtica dioica) dissolved in (200)ml of boiled water then covered for (10)min. was given to a sample of (15) patients attending to the herbal department of ministry of health complaining of malnutrition and low Hb(hemoglobin) concentration and PCV(packed cell volume) levels with absence of any other predisposing factors disease inorder to find the effects of these roots and leaves on Hb and PCV levels for different periods of time in relation to age and sex variations . The study have shown that this mixture has a high significant effect (p

scholarly journals PENGARUH INFEKSI CACING Ascaridia galli TERHADAP GAMBARAN DARAH DAN ELEKTROLIT AYAM KAMPUNG (Gallus domesticus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joko Prastowo ◽  
Bambang Ariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Ascaridia Galli

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh infeksi telur cacing Ascaridia galli (A. galli) terhadap elektrolit dan gambaran darah ayam kampung (Gallus domesticus). Kelompok perlakuan dilakukan infeksi telur berembrio cacing A. galli sebanyak 500 telur cacing/ekor ayam. Sampel berupa feses ayam untuk pemeriksaan parasitologi dan darah untuk pemeriksaan elektrolit dan pemeriksaan darah rutin. Infeksi cacing A.galli menyebabkan penurunan kadar kalium serum pada hari ke-21 dan 28 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), kenaikan kadar magnesium serum pada hari ke-21 dan 28 setelah infeksi (P<0,05) dan tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar natrium serum setelah infeksi. Hasil penelitian ini menyebabkan penurunan terhadap jumlah eritrosit pada hari ke-7 dan 14 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), penurunan terhadap nilai packed cell volume (PCV) pada hari ke-14 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), kenaikan nilai total protein plasma pada hari ke-7 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), kenaikan nilai absolut sel eosinofil pada hari ke-14 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar hemoglobin, jumlah leukosit, nilai absolut sel heterofil, limfosit, dan monosit. Pada hari ke-28 setelah infeksi, rerata cacing yang hidup yaitu 13 ekor cacing. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa, infeksi 500 telur cacing berembrio A. galli menyebabkan penurunan kadar kalium, kenaikan kadar magnesium, penurunan terhadap jumlah eritrosit, penurunan terhadap nilai PCV, kenaikan nilai total protein plasma, kenaikan nilai absolut sel eosinofil, dan tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap natrium, kadar hemoglobin, jumlah leukosit, nilai absolut sel heterofil, nilai absolut limfosit, dan nilai absolut monosit.

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