Effects of Ileal and Caecal Resection on the Colon of the Rat

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. B. Scarpello ◽  
B. A. Cary ◽  
G. E. Sladen
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Ileal Resection ◽  
Mucosal Thickness ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Intact Rats

1. Rats were subjected to resection of either the distal 50 cm of small bowel, the caecum or a combined ileocaecal operation. The effects on stool production and growth were observed over the following 8 weeks. Subsequently measurements were made at various levels in the remaining gut of intestinal weight, mucosal thickness, mucosal adenosine 3′:5′-phosphate (cyclic AMP) concentration and the water and bile acid content of luminal material. 2. Rapid adaptation, in terms of growth and the production of formed stools, was seen after ile-ectomy or caecectomy. This was slower and less complete after ileocaecectomy. Changes in water content indicated that colonic absorption of water was normal after ile-ectomy but impaired after ileocaecectomy. 3. After ile-ectomy there was growth of the caecum but not colon, whereas after ileocaecectomy there was growth of the remaining colon. 4. The intraluminal bile acid concentration in the small-gut remnant was markedly decreased at 2 weeks with little further change at 8 weeks after ileal resection. The colonic intraluminal bile acid concentration was only modestly increased after ile-ectomy or ileocaecectomy. 5. When studied by a perfusion technique in vivo, deoxycholate (2·5 mmol/l) in intact rats induced a net secretion of water into the colon; by contrast the colon of 8 week ile-ectomized rats absorbed water, although this was at a reduced rate compared with control rats. Deoxycholate increased mucosal cyclic AMP concentrations in the intact rats but not in the ile-ectomized rats. 6. Sodium ricinoleate (5·0 mmol/l) inhibited colonic water absorption and when mixed with deoxycholate (2·5 mmol/l) the effect on water transport was summatory. However, ricinoleate either alone or with deoxycholate did not alter mucosal cyclic AMP concentrations. 7. These results demonstrate that the colon can absorb water effectively after ile-ectomy in spite of being exposed to increased concentrations of luminal bile acids. This may result in part from an altered mucosal response to secretagogues. If so this represents a form of functional adaptation by the colon to ileal resection.

Bile acid binding to dietary casein: A study in vitro and in vivo

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lanzini ◽  
W. J. F. Fitzpatrick ◽  
M. G. Pigozzi ◽  
T. C. Northfield
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Ileal Resection ◽  
Lundh Test ◽  
Bile Acid Binding

1. Studies were carried out in vitro using an ultracentrifugation method to quantify bile acid binding to the different components of a Lundh test meal, and to determine what factors influence bile acid binding to one of the components (casein). We validated the ultracentrifugation method by showing good agreement with the equilibrium dialysis method. Studies were carried out in vivo on jejunal aspirate from 10 ileal resection patients in order to determine whether bile acid binding to casein could be demonstrated, and whether this influenced aqueous-phase bile acid and fatty acid concentrations. 2. In vitro, the Lundh test meal was found to adsorb bile acid. The protein content of the meal (casein) alone accounted for this binding, which was abolished by use of casein hydrolysate. The binding to casein was a saturable process. Both binding affinity and binding capacity were significantly greater for taurocholate at pH 4.5 than at pH 6.5, and for dihydroxylated than for trihydroxylated bile acid, suggesting that hydrophobic bonding was involved. 3. In vivo, jejunal samples aspirated at pH > 6 from 10 ileal resection patients showed 25% binding of bile acid to protein. On substitution of amino acids for casein, mean binding was reduced to 16% (P < 0.05), residual binding being attributed to endogenous protein. This was associated with an increase in fatty acid solubilization from 28% to 60% (P < 0.025). 4. These findings suggest that protein binding may have a critical effect on aqueous-phase bile acid and fatty acid concentrations in certain patients with a reduced total bile acid concentration as in ileectomy steatorrhoea, and in patients with defective lipolysis as in pancreatic insufficiency. This finding may provide an additional rationale for the use of elemental diets in severely ill patients with steatorrhoea.

scholarly journals Faecal bile acid concentration of patients with carcinoma or increased risk of carcinoma in the large bowel.

Gut ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Mudd ◽  
S T McKelvey ◽  
W Norwood ◽  
D T Elmore ◽  
A D Roy
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Increased Risk

Bile Acid Concentration Reference Ranges in a Pregnant Latina Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
Joseph Ouzounian ◽  
Thomas Goodwin ◽  
Marc Incerpi ◽  
David Miller ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory outcome after surgical treatment of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using ameroid constrictor in 25 dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Andrea Nečasová ◽  
Jana Lorenzová ◽  
Ladislav Stehlík ◽  
Pavel Proks ◽  
Zita Filipejová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Stimulation Test ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Congenital Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory outcome after the surgical treatment of a single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using an ameroid constrictor. Patient medical records were reviewed in retrospect. Data on the signalment, clinical signs, preoperative bile acid stimulation test and ammonia concentration were recorded. The surgical treatment success rate was evaluated by mortality in the perioperative and short-term postoperative period and by the long-term clinical outcome. Bile acid stimulation test and ammonia concentration were also analysed 2–3 days, 4–6 weeks, and 6–8 weeks postoperatively. No patient died in the selected periods. The long-term clinical outcome was excellent in 15 out of 20 patients, good in 3 out of 20 patients and poor in 2 out of 20 patients. Preprandial bile acid concentration was elevated in 96.00%, postprandial bile acid concentration in 100.00% and ammonia concentration in 80.95% of patients preoperatively. A significant decrease was found in postprandial bile acid and ammonia 2–3 days postoperatively and in preprandial bile acid 4–6 weeks postoperatively. A significant decrease in liver function parameters in days post operation indicates a rapid restoration of hepatic function. The surgical treatment of a single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using an ameroid constrictor is a successful method of treatment for this type of portosystemic shunt, with as much as 75.00% of the patients having an excellent long-term clinical outcome.

Determination of Bile Acid Concentration in Human Amniotic Fluid for Prenatal Diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Guy Délèze ◽  
Dimitri Sidiropoulos ◽  
Gustav Paumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
Papilla Of Vater ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration

Bile acid concentration was measured in amniotic fluid obtained for standard indications from 11 healthy pregnant women without polyhydramnios (28 to 42 weeks of gestation) and from 9 patients with polyhydramnios (28 to 38 weeks of gestation). Two of the latter women delivered infants with intestinal obstruction distal to the papilla of Vater, a condition that causes regurgitation of bile into the amniotic fluid. In the women without polyhydramnios, the total bile acid concentration ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 µmol/liter. In the seven patients with polyhydramnios not associated with fetal intestinal obstruction, the bile acid concentration in amniotic fluid was not significantly different (0.9 to 1.9 µmol/liter). By contrast, the bile acid concentration in amniotic fluid specimens from the two patients with polyhydramnios who gave birth to children with intestinal obstruction was considerably elevated (30.3 and 83.1 µmol/liter). These findings suggest that determination of bile acid concentration in amniotic fluid permits prenatal diagnosis of intestinal obstruction distal to the papilla of Vater.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biliary Bile Acid Concentration and Composition on the Calcium Level in Human Gallbladder Bile.

1993 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAOKI TAMASAWA ◽  
MASASHI YONEDA ◽  
ISAO MAKINO ◽  
KAZUO TAKEBE ◽  
KEN SONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Biliary Bile Acid

Fecal Bile Acid Concentration in Distance Runners

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 533-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sutherland ◽  
E. Nye ◽  
D. Macfarlane ◽  
M. Robertson ◽  
S. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Fecal Bile Acid ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration

Enzymatic determination of serum 12α-hydroxy bile acid concentration with 12α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Tamasawa ◽  
Masashi Yoneda ◽  
Isao Makino ◽  
Kazuo Takebe ◽  
Shigeru Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Enzymatic Determination
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