Renal Clearance of Unbound Bilirubin in the Rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Mónica Elías ◽  
E. J. Comin ◽  
E. A. Rodriguez Garay
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Bilirubin Concentration ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Filtered Load ◽  
Serum And Urine

1. Unbound or diffusible bilirubin in serum and urine was measured in rats with bile-duct ligation or after continuous infusion of unconjugated bilirubin. 2. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated by measuring the endogenous creatinine clearance and the unbound bilirubin in serum and urine was determined by a Sephadex gel filtration method. 3. Unbound bilirubin clearance was significantly lower than creatinine clearance. 4. The estimated rate of bilirubin reabsorption (calculated from the difference between the unbound bilirubin filtered load and the bilirubin excreted in the urine) was directly related to the serum unbound bilirubin concentration and the unbound bilirubin filtered load. 5. The results suggest that the main mechanism of urinary excretion of bilirubin in the rat involves glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption by diffusion.

Serum Inorganic Fluoride: Changes Related to Previous Fluoride Intake, Renal Function and Bone Resorption

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Waterhouse ◽  
D. Taves ◽  
A. Munzer
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Inorganic Fluoride ◽  
Fluoride Intake ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Serum And Urine

1. Inorganic fluoride concentrations were determined in serum and urine specimens of 24 subjects receiving a standardized low fluoride intake. Serum fluoride was directly correlated with previous intake and appeared to reflect bone fluoride stores. 2. A positive correlation between creatinine and fluoride clearance was found. However, striking reductions in fluoride clearance, which resulted in increases in serum fluoride, were not usually seen until the creatinine clearance was below 25 ml/min. 3. Parathormone produced an increase in serum fluoride and thyrocalcitonin a decrease, probably by their action on bone. 4. Six patients with chronic increased bone resorption had elevated fluoride concentrations. In five, when treatment was successful, serum fluoride fell. Interpretation of the data from this group of patients is complicated by initially low filtration rates associated with hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria. 5. The sensitivity of the serum fluoride concentration to previous intake, glomerular filtration and the intensity of bone resorption suggests that the human organism exerts no direct homeostatic control over this ion.

P1590AMORPHOUS CPP AND CRYSTAL CPP OF HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimihiko Nakamura ◽  
Yuki Nakayama ◽  
Toshiya Hiroyoshi ◽  
Naohito Isoyama ◽  
Kouki Fujikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Intact Pth ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Calciprotein Particles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background and Aims Serum calciprotein particles (CPP) are increased in CKD patients and correlated with vascular stiffness and calcification. CPPs are can be distinguished amorphous and crystal CPPs. Crystal CPPs are non-incubated CPPs and amorphous CPPs are the difference(Δ) incubated CPPs and non-incubated CPPs. In this study, we evaluated amorphous CPPs and crystal CPPs in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Method 183 end stage renal disease patients undergoing HD (57.6% men, median age 71, dialysis period; 98.4 ± 87 months) were treated in single hospital. Serum CPP levels were measured by the gel filtration method. Incubated CPPs were incubated in 24°C, 24hous then were measured similarly. We assessed the association of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), intact-PTH, FGF21, LDL-cholesterol, CRP with CPP. Results In multivariate analysis, P remained significant independent factors for the non-incubated CPP levels. Ca, P remained significant independent factors for the incubated CPP levels. P remained significant independent factors for the Δ CPP levels. The association of ΔCPP levels / the incubated CPP levels with clinical variables are examined. In multivariate analysis, hemoglobin remained significant independent factors. Conclusion Amorphous CPPs and crystal CPPs could each be a prognostic factors. Figure: Association of ΔCPP levels / incubated CPP levels with clinical variables. Univariate Multivariate

Mechanized determination of the apparent unbound unconjugated bilirubin concentration in serum.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1444-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Wennberg ◽  
L F Rasmussen ◽  
C E Ahlfors ◽  
T Valaes
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Bilirubin Concentration ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Total Bilirubin Concentration ◽  
Unbound Bilirubin

Abstract The peroxidase method for determining the apparent unbound bilirubin concentration in serum has been automated by use of a programmable, computer-directed spectrophotometer. This mechanized assay determines the total bilirubin concentration and apparent unbound bilirubin concentration in serum samples and titrates the serum with bilirubin to estimate the effect of increasing total bilirubin concentrations on the apparent unbound bilirubin concentration. The entire analysis requires 0.1 mL of serum and 4 min operation time, as compared with about 30 min for the manual method. The coefficients of variation for determination of the apparent unbound bilirubin concentration in bilirubin-enriched commercial control serum were 2.8% within-day and 5.6% between-day. Bilirubin--albumin binding in serum samples from infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia was analyzed by the manual peroxidase method, the automated peroxidase method, and Sephadex gel filtration. Good correlation was found among all three methods.

Assessment of renal function by serum creatinine and creatinine clearance: glomerular filtration rate estimated by four procedures.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2326-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Van Lente ◽  
P Suit
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clear Method ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract We compared creatinine concentrations in serum and urine and creatinine clearances determined by two Jaffé (Beckman's "Astra," Boehringer Mannheim Diagnostics) and two enzymatic (Kodak, Boehringer Mannheim Diagnostics) methods. Serum creatinine and creatinine clearances determined by each method were also compared with the glomerular filtration rate as measured with use of sodium [125I]iothalamate in patients with a wide range of renal function. Results between methods correlated excellently, but we saw clear method-dependent biases of up to 2.9 mg/L for serum. The highest serum creatinine values and the lowest creatinine clearances were obtained with Boehringer Mannheim Diagnostics' Jaffé method. The reciprocal of the serum creatinine and the creatinine clearance also correlated well with the glomerular filtration rate, but all methods over-estimated the glomerular filtration rates to varying degrees. Appropriate standardization of methods appears to be as important as method principle for establishing an accurate relationship between creatinine determinations and glomerular filtration rate.

scholarly journals Subcellular localization and purification of a p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase from cultured carrot cells and characterization of the corresponding cDNA

1997 ◽  
Vol 325 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle GARCIA ◽  
Matthew RODGERS ◽  
Catherine LENNE ◽  
Anne ROLLAND ◽  
Alain SAILLAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Carrot Cells ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dioxygenase Activity

p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase catalyses the transformation of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate into homogentisate. In plants this enzyme has a crucial role because homogentisate is the aromatic precursor of all prenylquinones. Furthermore this enzyme was recently identified as the molecular target for new families of potent herbicides. In this study we examine precisely the localization of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase activity within carrot cells. Our results provide evidence that, in cultured carrot cells, p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase is associated with the cytosol. Purification and SDS/PAGE analysis of this enzyme revealed that its activity is associated with a polypeptide of 45–46 kDa. This protein specifically cross-reacts with an antiserum raised against the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Gel-filtration chromatography indicates that the enzyme behaves as a homodimer. We also report the isolation and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a carrot p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase. The nucleotide sequence (1684 bp) encodes a protein of 442 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 48094 Da and shows specific C-terminal regions of similarity with other p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases. This cDNA encodes a functional p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, as evidenced by expression studies with transformed Escherichia coli cells. Comparison of the N-terminal sequence of the 45–46 kDa polypeptide purified from carrot cells with the deduced peptide sequence of the cDNA confirms that this polypeptide supports p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase activity. Immunodetection studies of the native enzyme in carrot cellular extracts reveal that N-terminal proteolysis occurs during the process of purification. This proteolysis explains the difference in molecular masses between the purified protein and the deduced polypeptide.

Antithrombin III (ATIII) And Fibrin(Ogen) Fragment E (FgE) In Diabetic Nephropathy

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Chan ◽  
C K Yeung ◽  
T K Chan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Intravascular Thrombosis ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
Total Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine

We measured plasma and urine ATIII and FgE levels by specific and sensitive radioimmunoassays (RIA) in 25 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) (proteinuria > lg/day) and in 17 patients with non-diabetic glomerulonephritis (GN), matched for degree of proteinuria. Plasma ATIII in DN (mean ± SD, 19.37 ± 2.40 mg/dl) were lower than in diabetics without renal involvement (21.84 ± 2.86 mg/dl). Total urine ATIII was directly related to proteinuria and inversely to creatinine clearance. In GN patients, plasma ATIII levels were even lower (16.84 ± 3.78 mg/dl), but the amount of urine ATIII fell when creatinine clearance decreased to below 37 ml/min. Serum FgE levels were elevated in both groups and this was associated with increased total urine FgE excretion. In DN, serum and urine FgE were directly related to proteinuria but inversely to creatinine clearance, indicating an increase in intraglomerular fibrin deposition as the disease progressed. These findings suggest that in DN, intravascular thrombosis might play an intermediary role as mediator of glomerular injury. Furthermore, the monitor of urine ATIII and FgE reflected the severity of DN and could be useful indices of the progression of the disease.

Net urate reabsorption in the Dalmatian coach hound with a note on automated measurement of urate in species with low plasma urate

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1499-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Moulin ◽  
P. Vinay ◽  
N. Duong ◽  
A. Gougoux ◽  
G. Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Clearance Ratio ◽  
Plasma Urate ◽  
Urate Reabsorption ◽  
Dalmatian Dog ◽  
Pyrazinoic Acid

A progressive reduction of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate induced by the stepwise clamping of a Goldblatt clamp increases the urate over creatinine clearance ratio from 1.2 to 1.9 in normal urate-secreting Dalmatian dogs. These clearance data support the existence of a predominant postreabsorptive secretory flux of urate in the normal Dalmatian dog. In contrast, in Dalmatians loaded with pyrazinoic acid which suppresses urate secretion, net reabsorption of urate is unmasked and the urate over creatinine clearance ratio decreases with the progressive reduction in glomerular filtration rate (down to 0.44). It is concluded that the net reabsorption of urate measured by conventional clearance techniques after pharmacologic depression of the urate secretory flux probably reflects true urate reabsorption in the nephron of this species.

scholarly journals MYOHEMOGLOBINURIA

1941 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Yuile ◽  
William F. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Clearance Ratio ◽  
A Value ◽  
Blood Hemoglobin

When myohemoglobin is injected intravenously into dogs, in amounts ranging from 0.75 to 1.50 gm., it is rapidly eliminated from the plasma and approximately 65 per cent is excreted by the kidneys in from 1½ to 2½ hours. Myohemoglobin does not appear in the urine below a threshold plasma concentration which is slightly under 20 mg. per 100 cc. but above this level the rate of renal excretion is directly proportional to the plasma concentration. The maximum myohemoglobin/creatinine clearance ratio averages 0.58 contrasted with a value of 0.023 for blood hemoglobin. This indicates that the rate of renal clearance of myohemoglobin is twenty-five times more rapid than that of blood hemoglobin. Evidence is presented that the excretory mechanism is essentially similar for the two substances but that differences in molecular weight account for different rates of glomerular filtration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document