scholarly journals Mitophagy as a stress response in mammalian cells and in respiring S. cerevisiae

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagai Abeliovich ◽  
Jörn Dengjel
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Mitochondrial Quality Control ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Autophagic Degradation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Attention

The degradation of malfunctioning or superfluous mitochondria in the lysosome/vacuole is an important housekeeping function in respiring eukaryotic cells. This clearance is thought to occur by a specific form of autophagic degradation called mitophagy, and plays a role in physiological homoeostasis as well as in the progression of late-onset diseases. Although the mechanism of bulk degradation by macroautophagy is relatively well established, the selective autophagic degradation of mitochondria has only recently begun to receive significant attention. In this mini-review, we introduce mitophagy as a form of mitochondrial quality control and proceed to provide specific examples from yeast and mammalian systems. We then discuss the relationship of mitophagy to mitochondrial stress, and provide a broad mechanistic overview of the process with an emphasis on evolutionarily conserved pathways.

The relationship of angiogenic factors to maternal and neonatal manifestations of early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cilene Carlos Pinheiro ◽  
Patricia Rayol ◽  
Luiz Gozzani ◽  
Luciene Machado dos Reis ◽  
Gianfranco Zampieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The influence of dietary energy on carcass fat in sows and the relationship of fat content to P2 measurements.

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 117-117
Author(s):  
Pauline A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Folch Method ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

There is little available information on the influence of dietary energy on fat stores in the sow or on the relationship between these stores and backfat thickness measured at the P2 site. The present study was therefore designed to determine the influence of dietary energy intake in pregnancy on the fat stores of the sow after three parities including its relationship with P2 measurements taken at slaughter. In addition a comparison was made between ultrasonic measurement of P2 on the live animal and P2 measurements taken on the carcass.There were three treatments with 15 sows per treatment which were rationed by live weight to receive approximately 30, 26, 23 MJ DE/day at 120 kg (Table 1). During lactation all sows were fed to a scale recommended by the ARC (1981) After weaning their third litter the sows were slaughtered and the left side of the carcass dissected into shoulder, ham, loin and belly joints as described by Fortin (1980). These were weighed, minced and analysed for fat content by the Folch method. P2 measurements were taken ultrasonically on the live animal, by probe on the hanging carcass and by straight measurement on the dissected loin.

Rules of address in Italy: a sociological survey

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bates ◽  
Laura Benigni
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractStudies of address forms have almost always concentrated on a single set of rules, as they would be used by one idealized speaker. We proposed instead to examine the use of address pronouns in Italy as a function of the classical sociological parameters of age, sex and social class. A modified version of the Brown and Gilman questionnaire was administered in interviews with 117 Italian adults. Results indicate a powerful age—class interaction in overall degree of formality. Young upper class Ss are by far the least formal of the social groups — a particularly interesting finding, since Brown and Gilman's original study was drawn entirely from this population. Lower class youth are the most formal, with older Ss falling in between. Most Italians are likely to expect to receive the same address form that they give; the only clearly functional non-reciprocal relationships involve differences in age rather than status. The relationship of the results to political measures are also discussed. Several issues are examined from the point of view of sociolinguistic ‘ideals’ tapped by the questionnaire, vs. actual behavior in social settings. (Address forms (T/V pronouns); social class, age, and sex differences; Italy (Rome).)

Apolipoprotein E genotype and major depression in a community of older adults. The Cache County Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. STEFFENS ◽  
M. C. NORTON ◽  
A. D. HART ◽  
I. SKOOG ◽  
C. CORCORAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Cache County ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background. The role of allelic variation in APOE, the genetic locus for apolipoprotein E, in geriatric depression is poorly understood. There are conflicting reports as to an association between the ε4 allele and depression in late life.Method. Using a community based study of non-demented elders in Cache County, Utah, that included many very old individuals, we examined the relationship between APOE and late-onset (age >60) depression, with particular attention to possible age effects.Results. There was no overall association between APOE and depression. However, there was a significant interaction effect of APOE and age such that the relationship of late-onset depression with respect to presence of the ε4 allele was larger among those 80 and older compared with those below age 80. Consistent with previous studies, women were more likely to experience late-onset depression than men.Conclusions. Because we excluded prevalent cases of dementia, this pattern of relative risk with age may reflect the appearance of depressive symptoms as a prodrome of Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. Longitudinal studies should help to confirm or refute this explanation of the data.

The relationship of delay of gratification and time comprehension in 4-year-old children

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Zmyj
Keyword(s):  
Delay Of Gratification ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Chance Level ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Comprehension Task ◽  
Prepotent Response ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

In a typical delay-of-gratification task, children have the choice between eating a small amount of treats immediately and waiting in order to receive a larger number of treats. To date, it has not been investigated whether children’s time comprehension is related to the ability to wait for the larger number of treats. Time comprehension can be tested by presenting children with three hourglasses containing different amounts of sand and asking them about the running time of the hourglasses (e.g., “Which hourglass will finish first?”). In this study, 75 four-year-old children were tested with a delay-of-gratification task, a time comprehension task, and a receptive language task. Children who ate the treat immediately in the delay-of-gratification task did not perform above chance level in the time comprehension task. In contrast, children who waited in the delay-of-gratification task, either for some time or until the end of the task, did perform above chance level. Correlation analyses revealed that performance in the time comprehension task and in the delay-of-gratification task correlated even after controlling for receptive language ability. Thus, children’s time comprehension is related to their ability to delay a prepotent response. The nature of this correlation is discussed.

scholarly journals Association of TCTP with Centrosome and Microtubules

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz K. Jaglarz ◽  
Franck Bazile ◽  
Katarzyna Laskowska ◽  
Zbigniew Polanski ◽  
Franck Chesnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Double Labelling ◽  
Spindle Poles ◽  
Pericentriolar Material ◽  
Indirect Association ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Translationally Controlled Tumour Protein (TCTP) associates with microtubules (MT), however, the details of this association are unknown. Here we analyze the relationship of TCTP with MTs and centrosomes inXenopus laevisand mammalian cells using immunofluorescence, tagged TCTP expression and immunoelectron microscopy. We show that TCTP associates both with MTs and centrosomes at spindle poles when detected by species-specific antibodies and by Myc-XlTCTP expression inXenopusand mammalian cells. However, when the antibodies against XlTCTP were used in mammalian cells, TCTP was detected exclusively in the centrosomes. These results suggest that a distinct pool of TCTP may be specific for, and associate with, the centrosomes. Double labelling for TCTP and γ-tubulin with immuno-gold electron microscopy inXenopus laevisoogonia shows localization of TCTP at the periphery of the γ-tubulin-containing pericentriolar material (PCM) enveloping the centriole. TCTP localizes in the close vicinity of, but not directly on the MTs inXenopusovary suggesting that this association requires unidentified linker proteins. Thus, we show for the first time: (1) the association of TCTP with centrosomes, (2) peripheral localization of TCTP in relation to the centriole and the γ-tubulin-containing PCM within the centrosome, and (3) the indirect association of TCTP with MTs.

scholarly journals An Unusual Occurrence of Multiple Sclerosis in a Small Rural Community

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Murray
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Unusual Occurrence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARY:Ten patients with multiple sclerosis were found to have lived in close proximity in a Nova Scotia farming community of 150 people. All had drunk unpasteurized milk as children, were teetotallers, ate a high animal fat diet, and were well educated. Of greater interest was the observation that six of the ten cases were related in two family groups.The only time all patients lived in the community at the same time was in 1951 and 1952 during a polio outbreak. The relationship of polio to multiple sclerosis bears further study.The average age of the patients when they had measles was 11.8 years. Evidence suggests a link between risk of multiple sclerosis and both late onset of measles and pubertal age. Late onset of measles may be important in this cluster. Further epidemiological studies are needed to examine the age of onset of measles in M.S. cases.

CA19-9 decrease at 8 weeks as a predictor of overall survival (OS) in a randomized phase III trial (MPACT) of weekly nab-paclitaxel (nab-P) plus gemcitabine (G) versus G alone in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC).

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4058-4058 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gabriela Chiorean ◽  
Daniel D. Von Hoff ◽  
Thomas J. Ervin ◽  
Francis P. Arena ◽  
Jeffrey R. Infante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

4058^ Background: nab-P + G showed promising efficacy in a phase I/II study in MPC, and decreases in CA19-9 correlated with OS. In MPACT, patients (pts) who received nab-P + G vs G had improved median OS (8.5 vs 6.7 mo; HR 0.72; p = 0.000015), PFS (5.5 vs 3.7 mo; HR 0.69; p = 0.000024) and ORR (23% vs 7%; p = 1.1 × 10−10). Here we present a prespecified exploratory analysis of CA19-9 from the MPACT trial. Methods: 861 previously untreated pts with MPC were randomized 1:1 to receive nab-P 125 mg/m2 + G 1000 mg/m2 days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks or G alone 1000 mg/m2 weekly for 7 weeks followed by a week of rest (cycle 1) and then days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks (cycle ≥ 2). CA19-9 was evaluated at baseline and then every 8 weeks. OS comparisons at different CA19-9 criteria were performed by stratified Cox proportional hazards model (P by stratified log-rank test using randomization criteria). Results: 750 pts had an evaluable CA19-9 at baseline. More pts in the nab-P + G arm vs the G arm demonstrated a best CA19-9 decrease from baseline of ≥ 20% and ≥ 90% (61% vs 44% and 31% vs 14%, respectively; Table). At the first postbaseline assessment (week 8), greater proportions of pts in the nab-P + G arm vs the G arm had CA19-9 decreases of ≥ 20% and ≥ 90% (Table). At that time point, for pts with a decrease of ≥ 20% in CA19-9, nab-P + G demonstrated a significantly longer OS vs G. The risk reduction for pts with a ≥ 90% decrease was greater than in pts with a ≥ 20% decrease. In pts with an 8-week CA19-9 decrease < 20%, median OS for nab-P + G vs G was 8.3 vs 8.0 mo (HR 0.92; p = 0.705). The relationship of CA19-9 kinetics with OS will also be examined. Conclusions: Higher proportions of pts in the nab-P + G arm had CA 19-9 responses of ≥ 20% and ≥ 90% vs the G arm. Pts who achieved a CA19-9 decrease at 8 weeks of ≥ 20% or ≥ 90% had significantly longer OS with nab-P + G than with G. Clinical trial information: NCT00844649. [Table: see text]

The Relationship of Information Exchange During Medical Visits to Patient Satisfaction: A Review

1987 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R. Tabak
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Demographic Characteristic ◽  
Satisfaction With Care ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Patient Satisfaction With Care

Being able to receive and pro vide information during medical visits affects patient satisfaction with care more than any socio- demographic characteristic of patients. However, studies reveal little patient participation in information exchange during medical interactions, as well as a perception that little informa tion is provided by practitioners. The research in this field is reviewed, and efforts to increase patients' information-seeking skills are discussed.

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