The multifunctional RNase XRN2

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi S. Miki ◽  
Helge Großhans
Keyword(s):  
Small Nucleolar Rna ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Mrna Precursor ◽  
Nucleolar Rna ◽  
Precursor Mrna

Different classes of RNA function in various cellular processes, and their biogenesis and turnover involve diverse RNases for processing and degradation. XRN2 is a 5′→3′ exoribonuclease that is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. It is predominantly localized in the nucleus and recognizes single-stranded RNA with a 5′-terminal monophosphate to degrade it processively to mononucleotides. In the present paper, we review functions of XRN2 and its cofactors in maturation, surveillance and activity control of several classes of RNA such as pre-mRNA (precursor mRNA), rRNA and snoRNA (small nucleolar RNA).

scholarly journals Multiple conserved segments of E1 small nucleolar RNA are involved in the formation of a ribonucleoprotein particle in frog oocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 348 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald D. RUHL ◽  
Mary Ellen PUSATERI ◽  
George L. ELICEIRI
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Nucleolar Localization ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Small Nucleolar Rna ◽  
Conserved Sequences ◽  
Exogenous Rna ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Substitution Mutations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Nucleolar Rna

E1/U17 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) is a box H/ACA snoRNA. To identify E1 RNA elements required for its assembly into a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particle, we have made substitution mutations in evolutionarily conserved sequences and structures of frog E1 RNA. After E1 RNA was injected into the nucleus of frog oocytes, assembly of this exogenous RNA into an RNP was monitored by non-denaturing gel electrophoresis. Unexpectedly, nucleotide substitutions in many phylogenetically conserved segments of E1 RNA produced RNPs with abnormal gel-electrophoresis patterns. These RNA segments were at least nine conserved sequences and an apparently conserved structure. In another region needed for RNP formation, the requirement may be sequence(s) and/or structure. Base substitutions in each of these and in one additional conserved E1 RNA segment reduced the stability of this snoRNA in frog oocytes. Nucleolar localization was assayed by fluorescence microscopy after injection of fluorescein-labelled RNA. The H box (ANANNA) and the ACA box are both needed for efficient nucleolar localization of frog E1 RNA.

Small nucleolar RNA host genes promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transition lead cancer progression and metastasis

IUBMB Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Biagioni ◽  
Shima Tavakol ◽  
Nooshin Ahmadirad ◽  
Masoumeh Zahmatkeshan ◽  
Lucia Magnelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Small Nucleolar Rna ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Nucleolar Rna ◽  
Host Genes

Distribution of U3 small nucleolar RNA and fibrillarin during early embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Biochimie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 898-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Sasano ◽  
Yusuke Hokii ◽  
Kunio Inoue ◽  
Hiroshi Sakamoto ◽  
Chisato Ushida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Small Nucleolar Rna ◽  
Nucleolar Rna

scholarly journals Chromatin architectural proteins regulate flowering time by precluding gene looping

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. eabg3097
Author(s):  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Yanpeng Xi ◽  
Junghyun Kim ◽  
Sibum Sung
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Architectural Proteins ◽  
Floral Repressor ◽  
Flanking Regions ◽  
Genome Wide Study

Chromatin structure is critical for gene expression and many other cellular processes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the floral repressor FLC adopts a self-loop chromatin structure via bridging of its flanking regions. This local gene loop is necessary for active FLC expression. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of this class of gene loops is unknown. Here, we report the characterization of a group of linker histone-like proteins, named the GH1-HMGA family in Arabidopsis, which act as chromatin architecture modulators. We demonstrate that these family members redundantly promote the floral transition through the repression of FLC. A genome-wide study revealed that this family preferentially binds to the 5′ and 3′ ends of gene bodies. The loss of this binding increases FLC expression by stabilizing the FLC 5′ to 3′ gene looping. Our study provides mechanistic insights into how a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins regulates the formation of local gene loops.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document