scholarly journals Modelling molecular mechanisms of breast cancer and invasion: lessons from the normal gland

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Bissell
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Cancerous Cells ◽  
Cancer Studies ◽  
Dimensional Cell

The interplay between genes and environment is complex, particularly when it comes to cancer. Studies on breast cancer cells have shown that environmental influences dominate over genotype in their effect on phenotype, and can cause cancerous cells to revert to a non-malignant phenotype, while remaining genotypically malignant. Using breast tissue in three-dimensional cell culture has proved a better model than traditional two-dimensional cell culture in that different cell types can be seen to behave differently to the same pro­-apoptotic signal, with normal cells surviving.

scholarly journals An Introduction to 3D Bioprinting: Possibilities, Challenges and Future Aspects

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Kačarević ◽  
Patrick Rider ◽  
Said Alkildani ◽  
Sujith Retnasingh ◽  
Ralf Smeets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Spatial Geometry ◽  
Extrusion Printing ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Cancer Studies

Bioprinting is an emerging field in regenerative medicine. Producing cell-laden, three-dimensional structures to mimic bodily tissues has an important role not only in tissue engineering, but also in drug delivery and cancer studies. Bioprinting can provide patient-specific spatial geometry, controlled microstructures and the positioning of different cell types for the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds. In this brief review, the different fabrication techniques: laser-based, extrusion-based and inkjet-based bioprinting, are defined, elaborated and compared. Advantages and challenges of each technique are addressed as well as the current research status of each technique towards various tissue types. Nozzle-based techniques, like inkjet and extrusion printing, and laser-based techniques, like stereolithography and laser-assisted bioprinting, are all capable of producing successful bioprinted scaffolds. These four techniques were found to have diverse effects on cell viability, resolution and print fidelity. Additionally, the choice of materials and their concentrations were also found to impact the printing characteristics. Each technique has demonstrated individual advantages and disadvantages with more recent research conduct involving multiple techniques to combine the advantages of each technique.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs and Stem-like Properties: The Complex Regulation Underlying Stemness Maintenance and Cancer Development

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1074
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Divisato ◽  
Silvia Piscitelli ◽  
Mariantonietta Elia ◽  
Emanuela Cascone ◽  
Silvia Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Different Cell Types

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the extraordinary properties to indefinitely proliferate and self-renew in culture to produce different cell progeny through differentiation. This latter process recapitulates embryonic development and requires rounds of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is characterized by the loss of the epithelial features and the acquisition of the typical phenotype of the mesenchymal cells. In pathological conditions, EMT can confer stemness or stem-like phenotypes, playing a role in the tumorigenic process. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation, found in the tumor tissues, with stem-like properties such as uncontrolled proliferation, self-renewal, and ability to differentiate into different cell types. ESCs and CSCs share numerous features (pluripotency, self-renewal, expression of stemness genes, and acquisition of epithelial–mesenchymal features), and most of them are under the control of microRNAs (miRNAs). These small molecules have relevant roles during both embryogenesis and cancer development. The aim of this review was to recapitulate molecular mechanisms shared by ESCs and CSCs, with a special focus on the recently identified classes of microRNAs (noncanonical miRNAs, mirtrons, isomiRs, and competitive endogenous miRNAs) and their complex functions during embryogenesis and cancer development.

scholarly journals Factors to consider when interrogating 3D culture models with plate readers or automated microscopes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Riss ◽  
O. Joseph Trask
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Cell Culture Models ◽  
Dimensional Cell ◽  
Cells Cultured

AbstractAlong with the increased use of more physiologically relevant three-dimensional cell culture models comes the responsibility of researchers to validate new assay methods that measure events in structures that are physically larger and more complex compared to monolayers of cells. It should not be assumed that assays designed using monolayers of cells will work for cells cultured as larger three-dimensional masses. The size and barriers for penetration of molecules through the layers of cells result in a different microenvironment for the cells in the outer layer compared to the center of three-dimensional structures. Diffusion rates for nutrients and oxygen may limit metabolic activity which is often measured as a marker for cell viability. For assays that lyse cells, the penetration of reagents to achieve uniform cell lysis must be considered. For live cell fluorescent imaging assays, the diffusion of fluorescent probes and penetration of photons of light for probe excitation and fluorescent emission must be considered. This review will provide an overview of factors to consider when implementing assays to interrogate three dimensional cell culture models.

A novel fluffy hydroxylapatite fiber scaffold with deep interconnected pores designed for three-dimensional cell culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Jin ◽  
Zhang-Qi Feng ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Zhuozhuo Ren ◽  
Shuangshuang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interconnected Pores ◽  
Dimensional Cell

Ho:YAG laser: intervertebral disk cell interaction using three-dimensional cell culture system

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Sato ◽  
Miya Ishihara ◽  
Tsunenori Arai ◽  
Takashi Asazuma ◽  
Toshiyuki Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
Cell Culture System ◽  
Ho:Yag Laser ◽  
Dimensional Cell
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