Effect of a fraction of goat milk serum proteins on milk accumulation and enzyme activities in rabbit mammary gland

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
COLIN J. WILDE ◽  
DAVID T. CALVERT ◽  
MALCOLM PEAKER
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Serum

Antibody production in goat milk serum after virus instillation of goat mammary gland. V. Biochemical isolation and further characterization of antibodies to various influenza and mumps viruses

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1153-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Pasieka ◽  
L. F. Guerin ◽  
Chas. A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Serum ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Biochemical Fractionation ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

This report describes the development of a method for the isolation of antibodies produced in the mammary gland and found in the milk after the instillation and propagation of various myxoviruses. Biochemical fractionation and isolation procedures have been modified and improved over our previous initial reports. The antibodies of the various influenza and mumps viruses that propagated in the gland were found to be associated with lactogammaglobulin. This report also demonstrates that the antibodies produced in the gland and thus given off in the milk are probably the same as those found in the blood if the animal were infected by conventional routes. Purification of the lactoglobulin protein fraction containing the antibody eliminated the non-specific inhibitors. These results were obtained from the various myxoviruses and mumps that propagated in the goat mammary gland.The main advantages of using the mammary gland as compared to using laboratory animals and their blood are as follows.1. Larger volumes of antibodies can be produced at one time (lactation period) against the influenza and mumps viruses for diagnostic and possibly for therapeutic uses.2. The animal (goat) does not appear to be affected whatsoever by the virus instillation and propagation techniques.3. The milk technique is therefore more humane towards laboratory animals. Invariably the laboratory animal does not have to be sacrificed.

Antibody production in goat milk serum after virus instillation of goat mammary gland. VII. Biochemical studies on sham infection with rabies and other non-propagating agents

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Pasieka ◽  
L. F. Guerin ◽  
Chas. A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Sedimentation Coefficient ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Milk Serum

This report describes the development of a method for the production and isolation of neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus (ERA strain) and other agents in the goat mammary gland during active lactation. The rabies virus did not propagate in the gland, but neutralizing antibodies were produced by serial instillations of the antigen. This process was termed 'sham infection.' Antibodies first appeared in the milk about the 20th day and the titer increased until the 28th day. The antibodies were found to be associated with the lactogammaglobulin. The milk globulins were fractionated by gel chromatography and the fraction containing the antibody was isolated. This fraction was further purified and characterized by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, and an analytical ultracentrifugation technique. The neutralizing antibody activity after the 29th day was associated with the milk serum IgG fraction. This active fraction was found to have a sedimentation coefficient of 6.8 Svedberg units.

Antibody production in milk serum of goats experimentally infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Pasieka ◽  
F. E. Ashton ◽  
R. Wallace ◽  
F. Ota ◽  
A. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Milk Serum

Instillation of the goat's mammary gland with Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony type Tl has elicited an antibody response in the goat milk serum (GMS). Purification, and characterization of the GMS by gel filtration, electrophoresis, immunodiffusion, analytical ultracentrifugation. And serological analyses demonstrated that the active immune component was mainly in the IgA and IgG fractions (F2 and F3) of GMS.

scholarly journals Changes in Native Whey Protein Content, Gel Formation, and Endogenous Enzyme Activities Induced by Flow-Through Heat Treatments of Goat and Sheep Milk

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-421
Author(s):  
Golfo Moatsou ◽  
Ekaterini Moschopoulou ◽  
Evangelia Zoidou ◽  
Aggeliki Kamvysi ◽  
Dimitra Liaskou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Native Whey ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Water Holding

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of different flow-through heat treatments—68, 73, 78, 85, 100 °C for 16 s—applied to in-line homogenized goat and sheep milk. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in raw goat milk was 324.5 ± 47.3 μg phenol/mL, and that of lactoperoxidase (LPO) was 199.3 ± 6.7 U/L. The respective activities in raw sheep milk were 7615 ± 141 μg phenol/mL and 319 ± 38.6 U/L. LPO activity was not detected in both milk kinds treated at 85 °C for 16 s. Residual enzyme activities at 73 °C for 16 s with respect to the initial levels in raw milk were higher in goat than in sheep milk. The whey protein fraction of sheep milk was more heat sensitive compared to goat counterpart. Sheep milk rennet clotting time (RCT) was not affected by the treatments, while curd firmness decreased significantly (p < 0.05) at 100 °C for 16 s. Treatments more intense than 73 °C for 16 s increased the RCT of goat milk significantly but inconsistently and decreased curd firmness significantly, while yoghurt-type gels made from 73 °C or 78 °C for 16 s treated goat milk exhibited the highest water-holding capacity.

scholarly journals Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat mammary gland. Effects of starvation and of insulin and prolactin deficiency on the fraction of the enzyme in the active form in vivo

1982 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. McNeillie ◽  
Victor A. Zammit
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Activity Ratios ◽  
Rat Mammary Gland ◽  
Rate Limiting

The ‘initial’ (I), endogenous phosphatase-activated (A) and citrate-activated (C) activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase were measured in mammary-gland extracts of pregnant and lactating rats. There was a 10-fold increase in the A and C enzyme activities in the transition from early to peak lactation [cf. data of Mackall & Lane (1977) Biochem. J.162, 635–642], but there was no significant increase in the ratio of the initial activity to the A and C activities of the enzyme. Starvation (24h) or short-term (3h) streptozotocin-induced diabetes both resulted in a 40% decrease in I/A and I/C activity ratios. In starvation this was accompanied by a decrease in the absolute values of the A and C activities such that the initial activity in mammary glands of starved animals was 45% that in glands from fed animals. Insulin treatment of starved or diabetic animals 60min before killing increased the I activity without affecting the A or C enzyme activities. Removal of the pups for 24h from animals in peak lactation (weaning) resulted in a marked but similar decrease in all three activities such that, although the initial activity was only 10% of that in suckled animals, the I/A and I/C activity ratios remained high and unaltered. Inhibition of prolactin secretion by injection of 2-bromo-α-ergocryptine gave qualitatively similar results to those during weaning. Simultaneous administration of ovine prolactin completely prevented the effects of bromoergocryptine. It is suggested that the initial activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat mammary gland is regulated by at least two parallel mechanisms: (i) an acute regulation of the proportion of the enzyme in the active state and (ii) a longer-term modulation of enzyme concentration in the gland. Insulin appeared to mediate its acute effects through mechanism (i), whereas prolactin had longer-term effects on enzyme concentration in the gland. A comparison of initial enzyme activities (I) obtained in the present study with rates of lipogenesis measured in vivo [Agius & Williamson (1980) Biochem. J.192, 361–364; Munday & Williamson (1981) Biochem. J.196, 831–837] gave good agreement between the two sets of data for all conditions studied except for 24h-starved and streptozotocin-diabetic animals. It is suggested that acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity is rate-limiting for lipogenesis in the mammary gland in normal, fed, suckled or weaned animals but that in starved and short-term diabetic animals changes in the activity of the enzyme by covalent modification alone may not be sufficient to maintain the enzyme in its rate-limiting role.

scholarly journals Changes over lactation in breast milk serum proteins involved in the maturation of immune and digestive system of the infant

Data in Brief ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 362-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Marita de Waard ◽  
Hester Verheijen ◽  
Sjef Boeren ◽  
Jos A. Hageman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Milk Serum

scholarly journals Effect of Processing Intensity on Immunologically Active Bovine Milk Serum Proteins

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabea Brick ◽  
Markus Ege ◽  
Sjef Boeren ◽  
Andreas Böck ◽  
Erika von Mutius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Serum
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