scholarly journals The biochemical characterization of aggrecan from normal and tibial-dyschondroplastic chicken growth-plate cartilage

2000 ◽  
Vol 351 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris TSELEPIS ◽  
Alvin P. L. KWAN ◽  
David THORNTON ◽  
John SHEEHAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Cartilage Lesion ◽  
Keratan Sulphate ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Tibial Dyschondroplasia

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a disorder of endochondral ossification characterized by the presence of an avascular, non-mineralized cartilage lesion extending from the growth plate into the metaphysis. Cells within the TD growth plate fail to differentiate to full hypertrophy, and instead appear to maintain a ‘pre-hypertrophic’or ‘transitional’status. Studies of the expression and distribution of cartilage matrix macromolecules in the TD growth plate have shown a marked decrease in the levels of aggrecan in the TD matrix. In the present study we compared the biochemical characteristics of the aggrecan molecules extracted from normal epiphyseal and TD cartilage. We have shown three major differences between normal and TD cartilage aggrecan. These are: (1) increase in molecular mass; (2) increase in the number of keratan sulphate chains; and (3) difference in the pattern of sulphation in TD aggrecan. Such changes in biochemical characteristics of the aggrecan monomers in TD cartilage may be associated with the lack of mineralization of the diseased cartilage. The present study provides a basis for further investigations into the importance of proteoglycans in normal and pathological bone development.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of the Flagellar Rod Components of Rhodobacter sphaeroides: Properties and Interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 198 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Osorio-Valeriano ◽  
Javier de la Mora ◽  
Laura Camarena ◽  
Georges Dreyfus
Keyword(s):  
Rhodobacter Sphaeroides ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Rotary Motor

ABSTRACTThe flagellar basal body is a rotary motor that spans the cytoplasmic and outer membranes. The rod is a drive shaft that transmits torque generated by the motor through the hook to the filament that propels the bacterial cell. The assembly and structure of the rod are poorly understood. In a first attempt to characterize this structure in the alphaproteobacteriumRhodobacter sphaeroides, we overexpressed and purified FliE and the four related rod proteins (FlgB, FlgC, FlgF, and FlgG), and we analyzed their ability to form homo-oligomers. We found that highly purified preparations of these proteins formed high-molecular-mass oligomers that tended to dissociate in the presence of NaCl. As predicted byin silicomodeling, the four rod proteins share architectural features. Using affinity blotting, we detected the heteromeric interactions between these proteins. In addition, we observed that deletion of the N- and C-terminal regions of FlgF and FlgG severely affected heteromeric but not homomeric interactions. On the basis of our findings, we propose a model of rod assembly in this bacterium.IMPORTANCEDespite the considerable amount of research on the structure and assembly of other flagellar axial structures that has been conducted, the rod has been barely studied. An analysis of the biochemical characteristics of the flagellar rod components of the Fla1 system ofR. sphaeroidesis presented in this work. We also analyze the interactions of these proteins with each other and with their neighbors, and we propose a model for the order in which they are assembled.

scholarly journals Physical and Biochemical Characterization of Sweet Corn Ears of Four Varieties Grown in Senegal

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (33) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Nafissatou Diop Ndiaye ◽  
Mady Cisse ◽  
Fatou Diop Mbacke ◽  
Abou Diop ◽  
Saliou Ndiaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Underutilized Crop

Sweet corn is an underutilized crop for human consumption in Senegal. In this study, physical and biochemical characterization were performed on four sweet corn ear varieties grown at three different fertilization rate of 15N-15-P-15K. Treatment F1 was 40 tons/Ha horse-dung + 200 kg/Ha of 15N-15P-15K, treatment F2 was 30 tons/Ha horse-dung + 150 kg/Ha of 15N-15P-15K) and treatment F3 was 50 tons/Ha horse-dung + 250 kg/Ha of 15N-15P-15K. Results showed that Yosemite cultivar gave the highest number of kernels/ear (672.3), followed respectively by Legacy (642), Excellis Garrison (585.6) and Infinity (573). Furthermore, treatments using fertilizer 3 (F3: 50 tons/Ha horse-dung + 250 kg/Ha of 15N-15P-15K) led to the highest number of kernels/ear in all cultivars used. Interestingly, Legacy cultivar gave more reducing sugars (5.1 ± 0.8 g.100g -1 ) with treatment F1; treatment F3 provided less reducing sugars (2.1 ± 0.6 g.100g -1 ) and more starch (14.4 ± 0.5 g.100g -1 ). Overall, physical and biochemical characteristics were influenced to at least some extent by fertilization treatments related to the cultivar used. Yosemite and Legacy cultivars would be more suitable for canned sweet corn production in the conditions studied. Sangalkam seems to be more suitable for sweet corn production.

scholarly journals Spectrin-alpha I/61: a new structural variant of alpha-spectrin in a double-heterozygous form of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1412-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lawler ◽  
TL Coetzer ◽  
VN Mankad ◽  
RB Moore ◽  
JT Prchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Tryptic Digestion ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Alpha Spectrin ◽  
Heterozygous Form ◽  
Membrane Skeletons

Abstract Recent biochemical studies have led to the identification of abnormal spectrins in the erythrocytes of patients with hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) and hereditary elliptocytosis (HE). In this report we describe the biochemical characterization of the erythrocytes from a proband with severe HPP who is doubly heterozygous for two mutant spectrins (Sp): Sp alpha I/74 and a new, previously undetected, mutant of alpha-spectrin designated Sp alpha I/61. The proband's erythrocytes are unstable when exposed to 45 degrees C, and her membrane skeletons exhibit instability to shear stress. The content of spectrin in the proband's erythrocyte membranes is decreased to 75% of control values. The amount of spectrin dimers in crude 4 degrees C spectrin extracts is increased (58%) as compared with control values (6% +/- 4%). Limited tryptic digestion reveals a marked decrease in the normal 80,000-dalton alpha I domain, an increase in the 74,000-dalton fragment that is characteristic of Sp alpha I/74, and an increase in a series of new fragments of 61,000, 55,000, 21,000, and 16,000 daltons. Both parents are asymptomatic, but they have increased amounts of spectrin dimers (17% to 25%). Limited tryptic digestion of the father's spectrin demonstrates the presence of a previously identified abnormal spectrin (Sp alpha I/74) that is characterized by a decrease in content of the 80,000-dalton peptide and an increase in concentration of the 74,000-dalton peptide. The mother's spectrin digests show a decrease in the amount of 80,000-dalton peptide and the formation of new peptides of 61,000, 55,000, 21,000, and 16,000 daltons. The data indicate that this severe form of HPP is due to the inheritance of two distinct abnormal spectrins, Sp alpha I/74 and a new spectrin mutant, Sp alpha I/61.

scholarly journals Biochemical characterization of crystals from the dermal iridophores of a chameleon Anolis carolinensis.

1975 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
S T Rohrlich ◽  
R W Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Anolis Carolinensis ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics

The biochemical characteristics of dermal iridophore crystals from Anolis carolinensis have been investigated. Iridophores isolated by collangenase-hyaluronidase treatment were sonicated and their contents fractionated through sucrose. Pure iridophore crystals so obtained were examined by chromatography and electron diffraction. They were found to be pure hydrated crystalline form. The suggestion is made that the subcrystalline structure of this guanine does not play a role in color production by the iridophore.

scholarly journals Spectrin-alpha I/61: a new structural variant of alpha-spectrin in a double-heterozygous form of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1412-1415
Author(s):  
J Lawler ◽  
TL Coetzer ◽  
VN Mankad ◽  
RB Moore ◽  
JT Prchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Tryptic Digestion ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Alpha Spectrin ◽  
Heterozygous Form ◽  
Membrane Skeletons

Recent biochemical studies have led to the identification of abnormal spectrins in the erythrocytes of patients with hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) and hereditary elliptocytosis (HE). In this report we describe the biochemical characterization of the erythrocytes from a proband with severe HPP who is doubly heterozygous for two mutant spectrins (Sp): Sp alpha I/74 and a new, previously undetected, mutant of alpha-spectrin designated Sp alpha I/61. The proband's erythrocytes are unstable when exposed to 45 degrees C, and her membrane skeletons exhibit instability to shear stress. The content of spectrin in the proband's erythrocyte membranes is decreased to 75% of control values. The amount of spectrin dimers in crude 4 degrees C spectrin extracts is increased (58%) as compared with control values (6% +/- 4%). Limited tryptic digestion reveals a marked decrease in the normal 80,000-dalton alpha I domain, an increase in the 74,000-dalton fragment that is characteristic of Sp alpha I/74, and an increase in a series of new fragments of 61,000, 55,000, 21,000, and 16,000 daltons. Both parents are asymptomatic, but they have increased amounts of spectrin dimers (17% to 25%). Limited tryptic digestion of the father's spectrin demonstrates the presence of a previously identified abnormal spectrin (Sp alpha I/74) that is characterized by a decrease in content of the 80,000-dalton peptide and an increase in concentration of the 74,000-dalton peptide. The mother's spectrin digests show a decrease in the amount of 80,000-dalton peptide and the formation of new peptides of 61,000, 55,000, 21,000, and 16,000 daltons. The data indicate that this severe form of HPP is due to the inheritance of two distinct abnormal spectrins, Sp alpha I/74 and a new spectrin mutant, Sp alpha I/61.

scholarly journals The biochemical characterization of aggrecan from normal and tibial-dyschondroplastic chicken growth-plate cartilage

2000 ◽  
Vol 351 (2) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris TSELEPIS ◽  
Alvin P.L. KWAN ◽  
David THORNTON ◽  
John SHEEHAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Growth Plate Cartilage

scholarly journals Biochemical Characteristics of the Novel Haloalkane Dehalogenase DatA, Isolated from the Plant PathogenAgrobacterium tumefaciensC58

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1881-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khomaini Hasan ◽  
Andrea Fortova ◽  
Tana Koudelakova ◽  
Radka Chaloupkova ◽  
Mayuko Ishitsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Haloalkane Dehalogenase ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Dimeric Structure ◽  
Racemic Mixtures ◽  
Cooperative Kinetics

ABSTRACTWe report the biochemical characterization of a novel haloalkane dehalogenase, DatA, isolated from the plant pathogenAgrobacterium tumefaciensC58. DatA possesses a peculiar pair of halide-stabilizing residues, Asn-Tyr, which have not been reported to play this role in other known haloalkane dehalogenases. DatA has a number of other unique characteristics, including substrate-dependent and cooperative kinetics, a dimeric structure, and excellent enantioselectivity toward racemic mixtures of chiral brominated alkanes and esters.

Plant Pathology Diagnosed by X-Ray Microanalysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 974-975
Author(s):  
J. H. Resau ◽  
N. Howell ◽  
S. H. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
X Ray

Spinach grown in Texas developed “yellow spotting” on the peripheral portions of the leaves. The exact cause of the discoloration could not be determined as there was no evidence of viral or parasitic infestation of the plants and biochemical characterization of the plants did not indicate any significant differences between the yellow and green leaf portions of the spinach. The present study was undertaken using electron microscopy (EM) to determine if a micro-nutrient deficiency was the cause for the discoloration.Green leaf spinach was collected from the field and sent by express mail to the EM laboratory. The yellow and equivalent green portions of the leaves were isolated and dried in a Denton evaporator at 10-5 Torr for 24 hrs. The leaf specimens were then examined using a JEOL 100 CX analytical microscope. TEM specimens were prepared according to the methods of Trump et al.

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