scholarly journals Subcellular distribution of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D in rat liver

1996 ◽  
Vol 320 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas HARI ◽  
Hans KUNZE ◽  
Ernst BOHN ◽  
Urs BRODBECK ◽  
Peter BÜTIKOFER
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Intracellular Distribution ◽  
Lysosomal Fraction ◽  
Mammalian Tissues

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-hydrolysing enzymes have been described in many mammalian tissues and body fluids; however, their site(s) of action and in vivo functions have remained unclear. In order to identify a possible intracellular site of GPI hydrolysis, we studied the subcellular distribution of GPI-hydrolysing activity in rat liver. We found that purified fractions from rat liver hydrolysed the GPI moieties of two GPI-anchored proteins with the specificity of a phospholipase D. This GPI-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) activity was found to be highly enriched in a lysosomal fraction and showed a similar intracellular distribution to that of typical lysosomal enzymes. Our results indicate that lysosomes may represent a possible intracellular site of GPI-PLD action.

scholarly journals Studies on the heparin sulphamidase activity from rat spleen. Intracellular distribution and characterization of the enzyme

1974 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochanan Friedman ◽  
Charalampos Arsenis
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Intracellular Distribution ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Lysosomal Fraction

A sulphamidase activity present in rat spleen capable of hydrolysing N-[35S]sulphated heparin was studied. This activity was associated with the lysosomal fraction. Studies in vivo showed that the rat is capable of significantly desulphating heparin. Lysosomes in all the major tissues can effectively accumulate heparin. The heparin sulphamidase and arylsulphatase activities from rat spleen were separated by isoelectric focusing. Heparin sulphamidase was a distinct entity from all the arylsulphatase activities.

Evidence of injury by heat in mammalian tissues

1964 ◽  
Vol 206 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Burger ◽  
Frederick A. Fuhrman
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Sensitive Indicator ◽  
Suspension Medium ◽  
Mammalian Tissues

Some possible criteria of injury by heat were investigated using slices of rat liver, cerebral cortex, and renal cortex heated in vitro. The following were measured at approximately 1-C intervals between 40 and 47.5 C, and in each case the results were compared with controls incubated for the same time at 38 C: Qo2, the increase of ammonia, urea, cholesterol, and acid phosphatase in the suspension medium, and the leakage of Rb86 from tissues labeled with this isotope in vivo. In general, deviation from the control at a given temperature increased with time. For a given tissue, several or all of these deviated from the control at about the same temperature. For cerebral cortex this was about 43 C and for liver about 45 C. The most sensitive indicator of injury appeared to be the accumulation of ammonia in the medium, and this deviated from controls at 40 C for renal cortex and 42 C for liver and cerebral cortex. Thus, there is evidence for several biochemical changes produced by heating in vitro to temperatures at or below those at which irreversible changes occur in vivo.

The Subcellular Distribution of Aurothiomalate in Rat Liver in vivo

1974 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 896-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE J. LAWSON ◽  
CHRISTOPHER J. DANPURE ◽  
DAVID A. FYFE ◽  
RICHARD W. E. WATTS
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Subcellular Distribution

Tissue and subcellular distribution of enzymes inactivating leupeptin

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine P. Brown ◽  
Robert J. Beynon
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitor ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Mammalian Tissues

Leupeptin, a proteinase inhibitor obtained from culture filtrates of Streptomyces sp., has been proposed as a valuable agent for the restriction of proteolysis in vivo. We have previously shown that mammalian tissues possess an enzymic system that is capable of inactivating leupeptin (Beynon R39 Brown CP & Butler PEr 1981, Acta. Biol. Med. Germ. 40, 1539–1546). This paper demonstrates the ubiquitous distribution of the inactivating system throughout mammalian tissues and provides evidence for the location of the enzyme(s) in the soluble fraction of the cell.

scholarly journals THE RELATIVE REACTION WITHIN LIVING MAMMALIAN-TISSUES

1925 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyton Rous
Keyword(s):  
Vital Staining ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Cellular Defense ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Acid Reaction

The acidity of the macrophage granules in which litmus comes to be stored during life is considerable. It has proved possible to stain these granules in vivo with some of the phthalein indicators and the results, had they been obtained under controlled conditions, would indicate a pH of 3.0 or less. The amount of acid material which may accumulate within the cells of animals stained with litmus is great, sufficient in the case of the elements of a peritoneal exudate for the acid reaction to prevail when they are gathered together and crushed. The material is derived, not from the dye, but from living elements responding characteristically to a stimulus far from unique. Such responses may well play a rôle in normal physiological activities and in the cellular defense against microorganisms. Vital staining with litmus demonstrates anew that the intracellular reaction during life is independent of that of the body fluids. By means of color changes in the stored indicator one can distinguish sick as well as dead cells of certain sorts and follow their distribution and fate within the organism. There are data to suggest that with the aid of the indicator the normal period of survival of certain elements at least can be determined. By the indicator method, of which the foregoing observations afford a crude illustration, much should be learnt in the future about body processes. The present paper is the second of a series upon the theme.

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