scholarly journals Cloning of the cDNAs for mast-cell chymases from the jejunum of Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, and their sequence similarities with chymases expressed in the connective-tissue mast cells of mice and rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi ITOH ◽  
Yuko MURAKUMO ◽  
Masaki TOMITA ◽  
Hisamitsu IDE ◽  
Takahiko KOBAYASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Mongolian Gerbil ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Mast Cell Protease ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

By using the combination of reverse-transcription PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends methods, two distinct cDNAs encoding mast-cell proteases (chymases; MCPs), designated as gMCP-1 and -2, were successfully cloned and sequenced from the jejunum of Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. On the basis of a comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences with those of known rodent mast-cell chymases, gMCP-1 was found to be highly similar to mouse mast-cell protease (mMCP)-4 and rat mast-cell protease (rMCP)-1, while gMCP-2 was similar to mMCP-5 and rMCP-3. Although mMCP-4 and -5 and rMCP-1 and -3 were restrictedly or mainly expressed in connective-tissue mast cells and serosal mast cells, the gMCP-1 and -2 genes were mainly transcribed in the jejunal mucosa and to a lesser extent in the skin and tongue. Moreover, kinetic study after infection revealed that the amounts of the gMCP-1 and -2 mRNAs in jejunum paralleled well the degree of intestinal mastocytosis. The expression of gMCP-1 and -2 in mucosal mast cells of gerbil jejunum was also confirmed by in situ hybridization. Since a tryptase, another type of MCP, was also expressed in mucosal mast cells of gerbils but not in those of mice and rats, the expression of MCPs in mucosal mast cells of gerbils is different from those of mice and rats. The Mongolian gerbil would be a useful model with which to investigate the physiopathological role of MCPs.

scholarly journals Cloning of the cDNA encoding mast cell tryptase of Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, and its preferential expression in the intestinal mucosa

1995 ◽  
Vol 309 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Murakumo ◽  
H Ide ◽  
H Itoh ◽  
M Tomita ◽  
T Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Mongolian Gerbil ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Mast Cell Tryptase ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

By using the combination of reverse-transcription PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends methods, a cDNA encoding mast cell tryptase was successfully cloned from the small intestine of Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. The cDNA was 1219 bp long including 810 bp of an open reading frame. Based on the deduced amino acid sequences of known mast cell tryptases of other species, the gerbil mast cell tryptase (gMCT) was highly similar to mouse mast cell protease (mMCP)-7, and seems to be translated as a prepro-enzyme with 25 amino acids of signal and activation peptides and 245 amino acids of mature enzyme. The gMCT mRNA was preferentially transcribed in the intestinal mucosa and to a far lesser extent in the connective tissue such as skin and tongue. Moreover, kinetic study after infection revealed that the amount of gMCT mRNA in the small intestine correlated well with the degree of intestinal mastocytosis. Throughout the course of infection, enzyme-histochemically detectable tryptase activity was limited to mucosal mast cells. Since mucosal mast cells of other rodents, including mice and rats, do not express tryptases, this is the first report of rodent mast cell tryptase expressed in the intestinal mucosa.

Mast cell heterogeneity

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shanahan ◽  
J. A. Denburg ◽  
J. Bienenstock ◽  
A. D. Befus
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity

Increasing evidence for the existence of inter- and intra-species mast cell heterogeneity has expanded the potential biological role of this cell. Early studies suggesting that mast cells at mucosal sites differ morphologically and histochemically from connective tissue mast cells have been confirmed using isolated intestinal mucosal mast cells in the rat and more recently in man. These studies also established that mucosal mast cells are functionally distinct from connective tissue mast cells. Thus, mucosal and connective tissue mast cells differ in their responsiveness to a variety of mast cell secretagogues and antiallergic agents. Speculation about the therapeutic use of antiallergic drugs in disorders involving intestinal mast cells cannot, therefore, be based on extrapolation from studies of their effects on mast cells from other sites. Regulatory mechanisms for mast cell secretion may also be heterogeneous since mucosal mast cells differ from connective tissue mast cells in their response to a variety of physiologically occurring regulatory peptides. The development of techniques to purify isolated mast cell sub-populations will facilitate future analysis of the biochemical basis of the functional heterogeneity of mast cells.

Pavlovian conditioning of rat mucosal mast cells to secrete rat mast cell protease II

Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 243 (4887) ◽  
pp. 83-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
G MacQueen ◽  
J Marshall ◽  
M Perdue ◽  
S Siegel ◽  
J Bienenstock
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Pavlovian Conditioning ◽  
Mast Cell Protease ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

Gut mucosal mast cells inNippostrongylus-primed rats are the major source of secreted rat mast cell protease II following systemic anaphylaxis

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. King ◽  
Hugh R. P. Miller ◽  
Richard G. Woodbury ◽  
George F. J. Newlands
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Mast Cell Protease ◽  
Systemic Anaphylaxis ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

scholarly journals The rat c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, induces the development of connective tissue-type and mucosal mast cells in vivo. Analysis by anatomical distribution, histochemistry, and protease phenotype.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tsai ◽  
L S Shih ◽  
G F Newlands ◽  
T Takeishi ◽  
K E Langley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Receptor ◽  
Kit Ligand ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

Mast cell development is a complex process that results in the appearance of phenotypically distinct populations of mast cells in different anatomical sites. Mice homozygous for mutations at the W or S1 locus exhibit several phenotypic abnormalities, including a virtual absence of mast cells in all organs and tissues. Recent work indicates that W encodes the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor, whereas S1 encodes a c-kit ligand that we have designated stem cell factor (SCF). Recombinant or purified natural forms of the c-kit ligand induce proliferation of certain mast cell populations in vitro, and injection of recombinant SCF permits mast cells to develop in mast cell-deficient WCB6F1-S1/S1d mice. However, the effects of SCF on mast cell proliferation, maturation, and phenotype in normal mice in vivo were not investigated. We now report that local administration of SCF in vivo promotes the development of connective tissue-type mast cells (CTMC) in the skin of mice and that systemic administration of SCF induces the development of both CTMC and mucosal mast cells (MMC) in rats. Rats treated with SCF also develop significantly increased tissue levels of specific rat mast cell proteases (RMCP) characteristic of either CTMC (RMCP I) or MMC (RMCP II). These findings demonstrate that SCF can induce the expansion of both CTMC and MMC populations in vivo and show that SCF can regulate at least one cellular lineage that expresses c-kit, the mast cell, through complex effects on proliferation and maturation.

Evidence against a significant role for mast cells in blastocyst implantation in the rat and mouse

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Salamonsen ◽  
M Jeziorska ◽  
GF Newlands ◽  
SK Dey ◽  
DE Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Mast Cell Protease ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Blastocyst Implantation ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques ◽  
Rats And Mice

Rats were treated with the highly potent stabilizer of mast cells, FPL 55618, before and during the first seven days of pregnancy to establish whether stabilization of mast cells resulted in impaired blastocyst implantation. There was no significant reduction in either the number of ovulations or the number of implantation sites in treated rats compared with controls; 11 of 15 treated rats were pregnant compared with 5 of 6 control rats. The distribution of mast cells was examined in uterine tissues, implantation sites and interimplantation sites in both rats and mice using highly sensitive immunohistochemical techniques. Virtually all of the mast cells in rat uterine tissue stained for rat mast cell protease-I (RMCP-I; connective tissue type), whereas few stained for RMCP-II (mucosal type). Most of the mast cells were present in the myometrium with very sparse distribution in the endometrium and there were no differences in numbers of mast cells between implantation and inter-implantation sites on Day 7 of pregnancy. In tissue sections of mouse uteri sampled from Day 1 to Day 8 of pregnancy there were virtually no mast cells in the endometrium or deciduum adjacent to implantation sites. Mouse uterine mast cells also stained predominantly for the connective tissue-type mast cell protease MMCP-4, the murine equivalent of RMCP-I. Thus, mast cells and their products appear to play little, if any, role in blastocyst implantation in murid rodents. Since mast cells are a prominent feature of human endometrium, this study emphasizes the important consideration of species differences when choosing animal models for implantation studies.

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