scholarly journals Structure and expression of the Drosophila ubiquitin-52-amino-acid fusion-protein gene

1992 ◽  
Vol 286 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
H L Cabrera ◽  
R Barrio ◽  
C Arribas
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Drosophila Cells

Ubiquitin belongs to a multigene family. In Drosophila two members of this family have been previously described. We report here the organization and expression of a third member, the DUb52 gene, isolated by screening a Drosophila melanogaster genomic library. This gene encodes an ubiquitin monomer fused to a 52-amino acid extension protein. There are no introns interrupting the coding sequence. Recently, it has been described that this extension encodes a ribosomal protein in Saccharomyces, Dictyostelium, and Arabidopsis. The present results show that the 5′ regulatory region of DUb52 shares common features with the ribosomal protein genes of Drosophila, Xenopus and mouse, including GC- and pyrimidine-rich regions. Moreover, sequences similar to the consensus Ribo-box in Neurospora crassa have been identified. Furthermore, a sequence has been found that is similar to the binding site for the TFIIIA distal element factor from Xenopus laevis. The DUb52 gene is transcribed to a 0.9 kb mRNA that is expressed constitutively throughout development and is particularly abundant in ovaries. In addition, the DUb52 gene has been found to be preferentially transcribed in exponentially growing Drosophila cells.

scholarly journals Structure and expression of the Drosophila ubiquitin-80-amino-acid fusion-protein gene

1994 ◽  
Vol 302 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Barrio ◽  
A del Arco ◽  
H L Cabrera ◽  
C Arribas
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
E Boxes ◽  
Reading Frames

In the fruitfly Drosophila, as in all eukaryotes examined so far, some ubiquitin-coding sequences appear fused to unrelated open reading frames. Two of these fusion genes have been previously described (the homologues of UBI1-UBI2 and UBI4 in yeast), and we report here the organization and expression of a third one, the DUb80 gene (the homologue of UBI3 in yeast). This gene encodes a ubiquitin monomer fused to an 80-amino-acid extension which is homologous with the ribosomal protein encoded by the UB13 gene. The 5′ regulatory region of DUb80 shares common features with another ubiquitin fusion gene, DUb52, and with the ribosomal protein genes of Drosophila, Xenopus and mouse. We also find helix-loop-helix protein-binding sequences (E-boxes). The DUb80 gene is transcribed to a 0.9 kb mRNA which is particularly abundant under conditions of high protein synthesis, such as in ovaries and exponentially growing cells.

Association of RAP1 binding sites with stringent control of ribosomal protein gene transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2723-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Moehle ◽  
A G Hinnebusch
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Stringent Control

An amino acid limitation in bacteria elicits a global response, called stringent control, that leads to reduced synthesis of rRNA and ribosomal proteins and increased expression of amino acid biosynthetic operons. We have used the antimetabolite 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole to cause histidine limitation as a means to elicit the stringent response in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fusions of the yeast ribosomal protein genes RPL16A, CRY1, RPS16A, and RPL25 with the Escherichia coli lacZ gene were used to show that the expression of these genes is reduced by a factor of 2 to 5 during histidine-limited exponential growth and that this regulation occurs at the level of transcription. Stringent regulation of the four yeast ribosomal protein genes was shown to be associated with a nucleotide sequence, known as the UASrpg (upstream activating sequence for ribosomal protein genes), that binds the transcriptional regulatory protein RAP1. The RAP1 binding sites also appeared to mediate the greater ribosomal protein gene expression observed in cells growing exponentially than in cells in stationary phase. Although expression of the ribosomal protein genes was reduced in response to histidine limitation, the level of RAP1 DNA-binding activity in cell extracts was unaffected. Yeast strains bearing a mutation in any one of the genes GCN1 to GCN4 are defective in derepression of amino acid biosynthetic genes in 10 different pathways under conditions of histidine limitation. These Gcn- mutants showed wild-type regulation of ribosomal protein gene expression, which suggests that separate regulatory pathways exist in S. cerevisiae for the derepression of amino acid biosynthetic genes and the repression of ribosomal protein genes in response to amino acid starvation.

Ribosomal protein S14 is encoded by a pair of highly conserved, adjacent genes on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4314-4321
Author(s):  
S J Brown ◽  
D D Rhoads ◽  
M J Stewart ◽  
B Van Slyke ◽  
I T Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Duplicated Genes ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genes Encoding

We describe a Drosophila DNA clone of tandemly duplicated genes encoding an amino acid sequence nearly identical to human ribosomal protein S14 and yeast rp59. Despite their remarkably similar exons, the locations and sizes of introns differ radically among the Drosophila, human, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ribosomal protein genes. Transcripts of both Drosophila RPS14 genes were detected in embryonic and adult tissues and are the same length as mammalian S14 message. Drosophila RPS14 was mapped to region 7C5-9 on the X chromosome. This interval also encodes a previously characterized Minute locus, M(1)7C.

scholarly journals Ribosomal protein S14 is encoded by a pair of highly conserved, adjacent genes on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4314-4321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Brown ◽  
D D Rhoads ◽  
M J Stewart ◽  
B Van Slyke ◽  
I T Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Duplicated Genes ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genes Encoding

We describe a Drosophila DNA clone of tandemly duplicated genes encoding an amino acid sequence nearly identical to human ribosomal protein S14 and yeast rp59. Despite their remarkably similar exons, the locations and sizes of introns differ radically among the Drosophila, human, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ribosomal protein genes. Transcripts of both Drosophila RPS14 genes were detected in embryonic and adult tissues and are the same length as mammalian S14 message. Drosophila RPS14 was mapped to region 7C5-9 on the X chromosome. This interval also encodes a previously characterized Minute locus, M(1)7C.

scholarly journals Association of RAP1 binding sites with stringent control of ribosomal protein gene transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2723-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Moehle ◽  
A G Hinnebusch
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Stringent Control

An amino acid limitation in bacteria elicits a global response, called stringent control, that leads to reduced synthesis of rRNA and ribosomal proteins and increased expression of amino acid biosynthetic operons. We have used the antimetabolite 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole to cause histidine limitation as a means to elicit the stringent response in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fusions of the yeast ribosomal protein genes RPL16A, CRY1, RPS16A, and RPL25 with the Escherichia coli lacZ gene were used to show that the expression of these genes is reduced by a factor of 2 to 5 during histidine-limited exponential growth and that this regulation occurs at the level of transcription. Stringent regulation of the four yeast ribosomal protein genes was shown to be associated with a nucleotide sequence, known as the UASrpg (upstream activating sequence for ribosomal protein genes), that binds the transcriptional regulatory protein RAP1. The RAP1 binding sites also appeared to mediate the greater ribosomal protein gene expression observed in cells growing exponentially than in cells in stationary phase. Although expression of the ribosomal protein genes was reduced in response to histidine limitation, the level of RAP1 DNA-binding activity in cell extracts was unaffected. Yeast strains bearing a mutation in any one of the genes GCN1 to GCN4 are defective in derepression of amino acid biosynthetic genes in 10 different pathways under conditions of histidine limitation. These Gcn- mutants showed wild-type regulation of ribosomal protein gene expression, which suggests that separate regulatory pathways exist in S. cerevisiae for the derepression of amino acid biosynthetic genes and the repression of ribosomal protein genes in response to amino acid starvation.

Protein kinase A mediates growth-regulated expression of yeast ribosomal protein genes by modulating RAP1 transcriptional activity

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1920-1928
Author(s):  
C Klein ◽  
K Struhl
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Amino Acid Starvation ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Kinase A

Yeast ribosomal protein genes are coordinately regulated as a function of cell growth; RNA levels decrease during amino acid starvation but increase following a carbon source upshift. Binding sites for RAP1, a multifunctional transcription factor, are present in nearly all ribosomal protein genes and are associated with growth rate regulation. We show that ribosomal protein mRNA levels are increased twofold in strains that have constitutively high levels of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A [PKA]) activity. The PKA-dependent induction requires RAP1 binding sites, and it reflects increased transcriptional activation by RAP1. Growth-regulated transcription of ribosomal protein genes strongly depends on the ability to regulate PKA activity. Cells with constitutively high PKA levels do not show the transcriptional decrease in response to amino acid starvation. Conversely, in cells with constitutively low PKA activity, ribosomal protein mRNAs levels are lower and largely uninducible upon carbon source upshift. We suggest that modulation of RAP1 transcriptional activity by PKA accounts for growth-regulated expression of ribosomal protein genes.

scholarly journals Cardiomyopathy Is Associated with Ribosomal Protein Gene Haplo-Insufficiency in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle E. Casad ◽  
Dennis Abraham ◽  
Il-Man Kim ◽  
Stephan Frangakis ◽  
Brian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Gene

scholarly journals Ribosomal protein gene deletions in Diamond-Blackfan anemia

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (26) ◽  
pp. 6943-6951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E. Farrar ◽  
Adrianna Vlachos ◽  
Eva Atsidaftos ◽  
Hannah Carlson-Donohoe ◽  
Thomas C. Markello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Gene ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Diamond Blackfan Anemia ◽  
Genome Wide

Abstract Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital BM failure syndrome characterized by hypoproliferative anemia, associated physical abnormalities, and a predisposition to cancer. Perturbations of the ribosome appear to be critically important in DBA; alterations in 9 different ribosomal protein genes have been identified in multiple unrelated families, along with rarer abnormalities of additional ribosomal proteins. However, at present, only 50% to 60% of patients have an identifiable genetic lesion by ribosomal protein gene sequencing. Using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism array to evaluate for regions of recurrent copy variation, we identified deletions at known DBA-related ribosomal protein gene loci in 17% (9 of 51) of patients without an identifiable mutation, including RPS19, RPS17, RPS26, and RPL35A. No recurrent regions of copy variation at novel loci were identified. Because RPS17 is a duplicated gene with 4 copies in a diploid genome, we demonstrate haploinsufficient RPS17 expression and a small subunit ribosomal RNA processing abnormality in patients harboring RPS17 deletions. Finally, we report the novel identification of variable mosaic loss involving known DBA gene regions in 3 patients from 2 kindreds. These data suggest that ribosomal protein gene deletion is more common than previously suspected and should be considered a component of the initial genetic evaluation in cases of suspected DBA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document