scholarly journals ‘Macromolecular crowding’ is a primary factor in the organization of the cytoskeleton

1992 ◽  
Vol 281 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Cuneo ◽  
E Magri ◽  
A Verzola ◽  
E Grazi
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Macromolecular Crowding ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Primary Factor ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Actin Bundles ◽  
Poly Ethylene

We propose that, in the cell, the reversible conversion of actin filaments into actin bundles is controlled by the concentration of the macromolecules [we have employed poly(ethylene glycol) 6000 to mimic the macromolecules of the cell] as well as by the nature of the ancillary cytoskeletal proteins that decorate actin filaments. The proposal is based on the following evidence. (1) Under our experimental conditions the transition from filaments into bundles occurs at increasing concentrations of poly(ethylene glycol), with the following sequence: caldesmon-actin, 3%; filamin-actin, 4-5%; caldesmon-tropomyosin-actin, 5-7%; actin, 6-7%; tropomyosin-actin, 9-10%. (2) Under conditions of low osmoelastic stress [3% poly(ethylene glycol)], preformed caldesmon-actin bundles are dissociated by the addition of either tropomyosin or tropomyosin-decorated actin. The dissociation of the bundles promoted by the addition of tropomyosin-decorated actin is faster than that promoted by the addition of tropomyosin.

Cell-size confinement effect on protein diffusion in crowded poly(ethylene)glycol solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 8842-8847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiho Watanabe ◽  
Miho Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Macromolecular Crowding ◽  
Confinement Effect ◽  
Protein Diffusion ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Glycol Solution ◽  
Size Confinement

Micrometric membrane confinements and macromolecular crowding synergistically regulate molecular diffusion.

scholarly journals Macromolecular crowding and hydrophobic effects on Fmoc-diphenylalanine hydrogel formation in PEG : water mixtures

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (48) ◽  
pp. 9269-9276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Musfizur Hassan ◽  
Adam D. Martin ◽  
Pall Thordarson
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Macromolecular Crowding ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Hydrophobic Effects ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Hydrogel Formation ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
P Addition

Addition of water triggers gelation in (poly)ethylene glycol (PEG) solutions of peptide gelators, with or without drugs added. The gels are formed by a combination of macromolecular crowding and hydrophobic effects as evident by significant secondary structure changes when compared to gel formed from pure water.

scholarly journals The control of cellular shape and motility. Mg2+ and tropomyosin regulate the formation and the dissociation of microfilament bundles

1992 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Grazi ◽  
P Cuneo ◽  
A Cataldi
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Microfilament Bundles ◽  
Filament Bundles ◽  
Poly Ethylene

At pH 7.14 and 37 degrees C, in 7.2% (w/v) poly(ethylene glycol) 6000, tropomyosin-regulated actin filaments are converted into filament bundles by increasing the free Mg2+ concentration to 1.7-2.0 mM. When free Mg2+ concentration is decreased below 1.7 mM, bundles dissociate back into tropomyosin-regulated actin filaments. Pure actin filaments are insensitive to this mechanism of control and are found as filament bundles in all the range of free Mg2+ concentrations tested (1.37-2.2 mM). The mechanism of regulation described above is likely to operate in the cell, where the concentration of free Mg2+ is linked to the energy charge of the adenine nucleotide system.

scholarly journals Direct Exfoliation of Natural SiO2-Containing Molybdenite in Isopropanol: A Cost Efficient Solution for Large-Scale Production of MoS2 Nanosheetes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyan Zhao ◽  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Yujie Shan ◽  
Hongrui Ding ◽  
Junxian Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Mos2 Nanosheets ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Layered Mos2

The cost-effective exfoliation of layered materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides into mono- or few- layers is of significant interest for various applications. This paper reports the preparation of few-layered MoS2 from natural SiO2-containing molybdenite by exfoliation in isopropanol (IPA) under mild ultrasonic conditions. One- to six-layer MoS2 nanosheets with dimensions in the range of 50-200 nm are obtained. By contrast, MoS2 quantum dots along with nanosheets are produced using N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) and an aqueous solution of poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (propylene glycol)-block-poly (ethylene glycol) (P123) as exfoliation solutions. Compared with molybdenite, commercial bulk MoS2 cannot be exfoliated to nanosheets under the same experimental conditions. In the exfoliation process of the mineral, SiO2 associated in molybdenite plays the role of similar superfine ball milling, which significantly enhances the exfoliation efficiency. This work demonstrates that isopropanol can be used to exfoliate natural molybdenite under mild conditions to produce nanosheets, which facilitates the preparation of highly concentrated MoS2 dispersions or MoS2 in powder form due to the volatility of the solvent. Such exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets exhibit excellent photoconductivity under visible light. Hence, the direct mild exfoliation method of unrefined natural molybdenite provides a solution for low-cost and convenient production of few-layered MoS2 which is appealing for industrial applications.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of pH-sensitive hydrogels from photo-crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate incorporating titanium dioxide

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebnem Senol ◽  
Emel Akyol
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Direct Oxidation ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Rutile Titanium Dioxide

AbstractThe purpose of the present investigation was to prepare pH-sensitive hydrogels from photo-crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA). Rutile titanium dioxide (TiO2) was employed to modify the PEG-DA hydrogels. The rutile titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared by direct oxidation of titanium in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) at high temperature. The nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The influence of experimental conditions, such as pH, type and amount of photoinitiators on the release profiles of donepezil hydrochloride (active pharmaceutical ingredient for Alzheimer disease) from modified PEG-DA hydrogels, was investigated. The drug release processes were analyzed kinetically using zero-order, first-order, Hixson-Crowell and Peppas models.

PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-3-HEDROXYBUTYRATE)-CO-POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) PRODUCED BY CONTROLLED MICROBIOLOGICAL BIOSYNTHESIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Bonartsev ◽  
Vera Voinova ◽  
Elizaveta Akoulina ◽  
Andrey Dudun ◽  
Irina Zharkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Thermosensitives hydrogels based on poly (ethylene glycol): I. Synthesis, characterization and release

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahar Bartil ◽  
Mahmoud Bounekhel ◽  
Cedric Calberg ◽  
Robert Jerome
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene
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