scholarly journals Determination of the structure of a novel acidic oligosaccharide with blood-group activity isolated from bovine submaxillary-gland mucin

1989 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M D'Arcy ◽  
C M Donoghue ◽  
C A M Koeleman ◽  
D H Van den Eijnden ◽  
A V Savage
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Submaxillary Gland ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
First Report ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Blood Group H

In this study we investigated the structure of an acidic fucose-containing pentasaccharide released from bovine submaxillary-gland mucin by alkaline-borohydride treatment. The structure, determined by a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy at 270 MHz and methylation analysis involving g.l.c.-m.s., was as follows: Fuc alpha(1-2)Gal beta(1-4)GlcNAc beta(1-3)[NeuAc alpha(2-6)]GalNAcol This pentasaccharide is a novel structure and is the first report of a blood-group-H type 2 determinant on a submaxillary-gland mucin.

scholarly journals Structural characterization of neutral oligosaccharides with blood-group A and H activity isolated from bovine submaxillary mucin

1991 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Savage ◽  
S M D'Arcy ◽  
C M Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bovine Submaxillary Mucin ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Blood Group H

In this study we investigated the structures of 11 neutral oligosaccharides released from bovine submaxillary mucin by alkaline borohydride treatment and isolated by h.p.l.c. One hexa-, one penta-, three tetra-, four tri- and two di-saccharides containing core types 1, 2, 3 or 4 were obtained. We report their structures, determined by a combination of one- and two-dimensional 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy at 270 MHz and methylation analysis involving g.l.c.-m.s., along with their approximate molar ratios. Only three of these oligosaccharides have previously been reported in this source. Of the new oligosaccharides, one contains the blood-group-A antigenic determinant, two contain the blood-group-H type 2 determinant, while another contains the blood-group-H type 3 determinant. The oligosaccharide GlcNAc beta (1→6)[GlcNAc beta (1→3)]GalNAcol, although previously found as a core structure, has been isolated here as a novel trisaccharide.

Stress Measurements with a Two-Dimensional Real-Time System

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Borgonovi ◽  
C.P. Gazza
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Time System ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors ◽  
Exposure Technique

Conventional methods of determination of residual stress in polycrystalline samples use either diffractometers or one-dimensional position-sensitive detectors. The most commonly used technique, the so-called "sin2ψ" method, requires several measurements at different angular positions of the sample. With diffractometers, two rotations are required, while with one-dimensional detectors, one rotation is required (except for the so-called single exposure technique, which requires two one-dimensional position-sensitive detectors). Rotation can be a potential source of errors if the sample is not aligned very carefully.

scholarly journals Determination of hard X-ray polarization from two-dimensional images

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1559-1561
Author(s):  
Robert B. Von Dreele ◽  
Wenqian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Incident Beam ◽  
Beam Polarization ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimensional Image ◽  
Two Dimensional Image ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

An estimate of synchrotron hard X-ray incident beam polarization is obtained by partial two-dimensional image masking followed by integration. With the correct polarization applied to each pixel in the image, the resulting one-dimensional pattern shows no discontinuities arising from the application of the mask. Minimization of the difference between the sums of the masked and unmasked powder patterns allows estimation of the polarization to ±0.001.

Determination of a convex body from the average of projections and stability results

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. SPRIESTERSBACH
Keyword(s):  
Convex Body ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Random Sections ◽  
Standard Projection ◽  
Stability Results ◽  
Projection Bodies

Analysis of projections of a convex body is a familiar topic in tomography. However, instead of considering standard projection bodies, this work investigates a convex body introduced by Schneider [8] which is a Minkowski average of projections. The question addressed here is similar to that posed by Goodey and Weil [4] with respect to Minkowski averages of sections, as opposed to projections, that is, can the shape of a convex body be determined from random sections? Their main result shows that a body K is determined by the average of its two-dimensional sections, but not by the average of its one-dimensional sections. The goal of this study is to uncover the extent to which a convex body is determined by the average of its projections.

scholarly journals Comparative study of glycophorin A derived O-glycans from human Cad, Sd(a+) and Sd(a-) erythrocytes

1985 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Blanchard ◽  
C Capon ◽  
Y Leroy ◽  
J P Cartron ◽  
B Fournet
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Glycophorin A ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Dolichos Biflorus ◽  
Major Acid

Glycophorin A was purified from the erythrocyte membranes of blood group Cad, Sd(a+) and Sd(a-) donors and the oligosaccharide alditols, obtained after alkaline borohydride degradation, separated by h.p.l.c. on an alkylamine silica gel column, were characterized by sugar analysis. Structure determination of the major acid components by methylation analysis, g.l.c.-m.s. and 1H-n.m.r. indicated that the three blood group Cad red cells under study (samples Cad., Bui. and Des.) carry the same pentasaccharide GalNAc(beta 1-4)[NeuAc(alpha 2-3)]Gal(beta 1-3)[NeuAc(alpha 2-6)]GalNAc -ol(Cad determinant) but in different amounts. This pentasaccharide, however, was absent from glycophorin A of Sd(a+) and Sd (a-) donors, suggesting that the Sda determinant is not associated with glycophorins. It was calculated that glycophorin A from the original Cad donor (Cad.) carries about 12 O-glycosidically linked pentasaccharide chains per molecule whereas only 2-3 of these chains were present in the samples from the two other unrelated Cad individuals (Bui. and Des.) It is well known from quantitative agglutination studies that the proportion of red cells which can be agglutinated by the Dolichos biflorus lectin varies from one Cad blood sample to another. Some are completely agglutinated (Cad. donor) whereas others are only partially agglutinated (Bui. and Des. donors) suggesting that some red cells might not carry the Cad determinants. From the results presented above and sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis studies it is suggested that Cad red cells from Bui. and Des. do not carry a mixture of glycophorin A molecules with or without the Cad pentasaccharides but a spectrum of glycoprotein molecules with varying amounts of Cad determinants.

Statistical Properties of Envelope Field for Gaussian Sea Surface

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Podgo´rski ◽  
Igor Rychlik
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Wave Groups ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sampling Distributions ◽  
Marine Application ◽  
Propagating Waves ◽  
Definition Of

The envelope process is a useful analytical tool which is often used to study wave groups. Most research on statistical properties of the envelope, and thus of wave groups, was focused on one dimensional records. However for the marine application, an appropriate concept should be two dimensional in space and variable in time. Although a generalization to higher dimensions was introduced by Adler (1978), little work was done to investigate its features. Since the envelope is not defined uniquely and its properties depend on a chosen version, we discuss the definition of the envelope field for a two dimensional random field evolving in time which serves as a model of irregular sea surface. Assuming Gaussian distribution of this field we derive sampling properties of the height of the envelope field as well as of its velocity. The latter is important as the velocity of the envelope is related to the rate at which energy is transported by propagating waves. We also study how statistical distributions of group waves differ from the corresponding ones for individual waves and how a choice of a version of the envelope affects its sampling distributions. Analyzing the latter problem helps in determination of the version which is appropriate in an application in hand.

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