scholarly journals Further studies of oligosaccharide recognition by the soluble 13 kDa lectin of bovine heart muscle. Ability to accommodate the blood-group-H and -B-related sequences

1988 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
W M Abbott ◽  
E F Hounsell ◽  
T Feizi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Bovine Heart ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Blood Group H

Oligosaccharide recognition by the 13 kDa soluble lectin from bovine heart muscle has been investigated by inhibition of binding of the 125I-labelled lectin to trypsin-treated rabbit erythrocytes. The results indicate that the Type 1 (Gal beta 1-3GlcNAc) and the Type 2 (Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc) backbone structures are the basic recognition units, and that the blood-group-H structure, the blood-group-B structure, the ‘B-like’ structure [afucosyl-(blood group B)] and the alpha 2-3 sialylated analogues of the backbone structures can also be accommodated and hence are candidate receptor structures for the lectin. A comparison of available inhibition data on six other soluble beta-galactoside-binding lectins (three from human lung and three from rat lung) has shown some common features among these and the bovine lectin, e.g. in general a stronger reaction with N-acetyl-lactosamine than with lactose, and a lack of reaction with 3-fucosyl-lactose and 6-sialyl-lactose. However, there are distinctive features among the lectins, e.g. differences in relative reactions with the blood-group-A structure, and no two of the lectins appear to be identical in their fine specificities.

Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in Type 2 trigeminal neuralgia

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Zacest ◽  
Stephen T. Magill ◽  
Jonathan Miller ◽  
Kim J. Burchiel
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Neurovascular Compression ◽  
Imaging Reconstruction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
3D Mr Imaging

Object Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a neuropathic pain syndrome that is often associated with neurovascular compression of the trigeminal nerve and may be effectively treated with microvascular decompression (MVD). The authors used high-resolution MR imaging with 3D reconstruction in patients with constant facial pain (Type 2 TN) to determine the presence/absence of neurovascular compression and thus a potential MVD benefit. They retrospectively contacted patients to evaluate outcome. Methods All patients who reported spontaneous onset of constant facial pain (Type 2 TN), which occurred at least 50% of the time, who had undergone high-resolution 3-T MR imaging with 3D reconstruction were retrospectively selected for this study. Clinical history, facial pain questionnaire data, physical examination findings, and results from 3-T 3D MR imaging reconstruction were recorded for all patients. Intraoperative findings and clinical pain outcome were recorded for all patients who underwent MVD. Results Data obtained in 27 patients were assessed. On the basis of history and 3D MR imaging reconstruction findings, 13 patients were selected for MVD (Group A) and 14 underwent conservative treatment (Group B). Typical or suspected artery- or vein-induced neurovascular compression was predicted preoperatively in 100% of Group A patients and in 0% of Group B patients. At the time of MVD, definitive neurovascular compression was confirmed in 11 (84.6%) of 13 Group A patients. Following MVD, facial pain was completely relieved in 3 (23%), improved in 7 (53.8%), and no better in 3 (23%) of 13 Group A patients. A history of episodic (Type 1 TN) pain at any time was reported in 100 and 50% of Group A and Group B patients, respectively. A Type 1 TN pain component was reportedly improved/relieved in all Group A patients, but the Type 2 TN pain component was improved in only 7 (53.8%) of 13 patients. The mean postoperative follow-up duration was 13 months. Conclusions High-resolution 3D MR imaging reconstruction in patients with constant facial pain (Type 2 TN) can help determine the presence/absence of neurovascular compression. Surgical selection based on both clinical and radiological criteria has the potential to improve surgical outcome in patients with Type 2 TN who may potentially benefit from MVD. However, even in such selected patients, pain relief is likely to be incomplete.

scholarly journals Tumor Necrosis Factor Microsatellite Polymorphism Influences the Development of Insulin Dependency in Adult-Onset Diabetes Patients with the DRB1∗1502-DQB1∗0601 Allele and Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 3348-3351
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Obayashi ◽  
Goji Hasegawa ◽  
Michiaki Fukui ◽  
Kenji Kamiuchi ◽  
Akane Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract Recently, several studies have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor microsatellite polymorphism (TNFa) contributes to the susceptibility of type 1 diabetes. This study investigates the influence of TNFa on the predisposition to insulin dependency in adult-onset diabetic patients with type 1 diabetes-protective human leukocyte antigen haplotypes. The TNFa of three groups of DRB1∗1502-DQB1∗0601-positive diabetic patients who had initially been nonketotic and noninsulin dependent for more than 1 yr was analyzed. Group A included 11 antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADab)-positive patients who developed insulin dependency within 4 yr of diabetes onset. Group B included 11 GADab-positive patients who remained noninsulin dependent for more than 12 yr. Group C included 12 GADab-negative type 2 diabetes, and a control group included 18 nondiabetic subjects. In the group C and control subjects, DRB1∗1502-DQB1∗0601 was strongly associated with the TNFa13 allele. DRB1∗1502-DQB1∗0601 was strongly associated with the TNFa12 allele among the group A patients, but not among the group B patients. Interestingly, sera from all patients with non-TNFa12 and non-TNFa13 in group B reacted with GAD65 protein by Western blot. These results suggest that TNFa is associated with a predisposition to progression to insulin dependency in GADab/DRB1∗1502-DQB1∗0601-positive diabetic patients initially diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and that determination of these patients’ TNFa genotype may allow for better prediction of their clinical course.

scholarly journals Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography According to the Type of Choroidal Neovascularization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Hyung Yeo ◽  
Hum Chung ◽  
Jee Taek Kim
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Neovascular Amd ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Cnv Detection

We analyzed and compared the sensitivity of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) detection according to CNV type in patients with active neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA). A retrospective chart review was performed in patients with neovascular AMD. OCTA images were classified into three groups: Group A (well-circumscribed vascular complex); Group B (moderately circumscribed vascular complex); and Group C (poorly circumscribed vascular complex), according to CNV appearance. Demographic characteristics, OCT parameters, neovascularization subtypes, and OCTA image quality were analyzed to determine the effect on visualization of the neovascular complex. A total of 130 patients with CNV secondary to active neovascular AMD were analyzed. Among them, 52 eyes from 47 patients were included in the study. Eighteen eyes (34.6%) were classified into Group A, 24 (46.2%) into Group B, and 10 (19.2%) into Group C. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in demographic characteristics or OCT parameters between the three groups. Overall sensitivity of active CNV detection was 80.7% (42/52 eyes). In 73.5% (25/34) of eyes with type 1 CNV (sub-retinal pigment epithelial type), 100.0% (9/9) of eyes with type 2 CNV (sub-retinal type), and 88.9% (8/9) of eyes with type 3 CNV (retinal angiomatous proliferation type), the vascular complex was well visualized on OCTA. OCTA provides adequate noninvasive imaging of CNV in patients with neovascular AMD, which may assist in CNV diagnosis and activity monitoring. In particular, type 2 CNV was well detected in OCTA in comparison with type 1 and type 3 CNV.

scholarly journals Structural characterization of neutral oligosaccharides with blood-group A and H activity isolated from bovine submaxillary mucin

1991 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Savage ◽  
S M D'Arcy ◽  
C M Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bovine Submaxillary Mucin ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Blood Group H

In this study we investigated the structures of 11 neutral oligosaccharides released from bovine submaxillary mucin by alkaline borohydride treatment and isolated by h.p.l.c. One hexa-, one penta-, three tetra-, four tri- and two di-saccharides containing core types 1, 2, 3 or 4 were obtained. We report their structures, determined by a combination of one- and two-dimensional 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy at 270 MHz and methylation analysis involving g.l.c.-m.s., along with their approximate molar ratios. Only three of these oligosaccharides have previously been reported in this source. Of the new oligosaccharides, one contains the blood-group-A antigenic determinant, two contain the blood-group-H type 2 determinant, while another contains the blood-group-H type 3 determinant. The oligosaccharide GlcNAc beta (1→6)[GlcNAc beta (1→3)]GalNAcol, although previously found as a core structure, has been isolated here as a novel trisaccharide.

scholarly journals Necrotizing Fasciitis Associated withStaphylococcus lugdunensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Hung ◽  
Soroush Zaghi ◽  
Jonathan Yousefzadeh ◽  
Matthew Leibowitz
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
First Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening soft tissue infection that results in rapid local tissue destruction. Type 1 necrotizing fasciitis is characterized by polymicrobial, synergistic infections that are caused by non-Group Astreptococci, aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Type 2 necrotizing fasciitis involves Group AStreptococcus(GAS) with or without a coexisting staphylococcal infection. Here we provide the first report of necrotizing fasciitis jointly associated with the microbes Group BStreptococcusandStaphylococcus lugdunensis.S. lugdunensisis a commensal human skin bacterium known to cause often painful and prolonged skin and soft tissue infections. To our knowledge, however, this is the first case ofStaph. lugdunensis-associated necrotizing fasciitis to be reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Immunochemical studies on blood groups LXVI. Competitive binding assays of A1 and A2 blood group substances with insolubilized anti-A serum and insolubilized A agglutinin from Dolichos biflorus.

1978 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 830-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
E C Kisailus ◽  
E A Kabat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Competitive Binding ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Dolichos Biflorus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Blood Group Substances ◽  
Lower Slope ◽  
Competitive Binding Assays

Competitive binding assays using 3H-labeled blood group A substance and insolubilized Dolichos biflorus lectin or human anti-A were carried out, measuring competition by blood group A1 and A2 glycoproteins, and by unabsorbed anti-A sera, and with these sera absorbed with the A1 and A2 glycoproteins. With Dolichos lectin specific for (formula: see text) A1 substances had about 11 times as many determinants as did A2 substances, but the slopes of the lines in the competitive binding assays were the same. With insolubilized anti-A, A2 substances gave lines of lower slopes. Although individual A1 populations varied in the amounts giving 50% inhibition in the assays, as did A2 substances, the slopes of the lines for the A1 substances were the same and always higher than the slopes of the lines for the A2 substances. Competitive binding assays with unabsorbed anti-A sera and with these sera absorbed with insoluble polyleucyl A1 and A2 substances showed that partial absorption of polyleucyl A1 substances left antibodies of lower slope in the supernate, whereas absorption with polyleucyl A2 substance left antibodies (anti-A1) having the same or an even higher slope than the unabsorbed sera. The findings indicate that human A1 and A2 glycoproteins differ in their determinants, and that A2 specificity is determined by the type 2 chain in which the A trisaccharide (formula: see text) is linked beta 1 leads to 4 to DGlcNAc, whereas the A1 specificity is determined by the type 1 chain in which this trisaccharide is linked beta 1 leads to 3 to DGlcNAc; most of the determinants in the glycoproteins have a second LFuc linked alpha 1 leads to 3 and alpha 1 leads to 4 to the DGlcNAc of the type 2 and type 1 chains, respectively.

Developmental changes of blood group A-active glycosphingolipids with type 1 and type 2 chains in rat small intestine

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Bouhours ◽  
G�ran Larson ◽  
Jean-Francois Bouhours ◽  
Arne Lundblad ◽  
Gunnar C Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A

Use of Synthetic H Disaccharides as Acceptors for Detecting Activities of UDP-GalNAc:Fuc α1-->2Galβ-R α1-->3-N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase in Plasma Samples from Blood Group A Subgroups

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2392-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yazawa ◽  
A Takeya ◽  
O Hosomi ◽  
T Nakajima ◽  
N Shimoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Abstract Concentrations of blood group A-specified alpha(1-->3)-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (A enzyme) were measured in human plasma of blood groups A1, A2, and A3 by using chemically synthesized H disaccharides and H type 1 and type 2 trisaccharides attached to hydrophobic aglycones as acceptors. When the trisaccharides were used as acceptors, enzyme activities were reduced in samples from A2 and A3. However, the H disaccharides were shown to be good acceptors even for enzymes from A2 and A3, and no significant difference in enzyme concentration was detected in any of the plasma tested.

Monoclonal antibodies defining blood group A variants with difucosyl type 1 chain (ALeb) and difucosyl type 2 chain (ALey)

Biochemistry ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 6190-6194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Clausen ◽  
John M. McKibbin ◽  
Senitiroh Hakomori
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

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