scholarly journals Peroxisomal β-oxidation from endogenous substrates. Demonstration through H2O2 production in the unanaesthetized mouse

1984 ◽  
Vol 218 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Van den Branden ◽  
I Kerckaert ◽  
F Roels
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Endogenous Substrates

A system was developed in which it is possible to detect in vivo changes in hepatic H2O2 production, using a combination of the catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and methanol. In mice, starvation significantly increases hepatic H2O2 production and plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations. Short-term refeeding after a 24 h starvation period brings H2O2 production and plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration back to normal in 3h. Administration of insulin 24 h after the onset of starvation normalizes H2O2 production in less than 2h and decreases non-esterified fatty acid concentration below normal values. The suppression by insulin of H2O2 production, as well as its coherence with plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration, indicate that increased H2O2 production in starved mice reflects peroxisomal beta-oxidation.

scholarly journals Factors influencing triacylglycerol synthesis in permeabilized rat hepatocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 283 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
H K Stals ◽  
G P Mannaerts ◽  
P E Declercq
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Permeabilized Cells ◽  
Triacylglycerol Synthesis ◽  
Esterification Rate

Rat hepatocytes were treated with Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin to permeabilize their plasma membrane for low-molecular-mass compounds. During incubation with 1 mM labelled fatty acid, phosphatidate and, less clearly, lysophosphatidate rapidly reached a steady state, whereas labelled diacylglycerol accumulated to some extent, at least in the absence of exogenous CDP-choline. Esterification and oxidation were linearly related to the fatty acid concentration, and there was no indication for saturation with acyl-CoA. However, when permeabilized cells were incubated with labelled sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and 1 mM unlabelled fatty acid, glycerolipid synthesis and the level of esterification intermediates reached a plateau between 0.25 and 0.50 mumol of the triose phosphate/ml. The synthesis of phosphatidylcholine was dependent on addition of CDP-choline. In presence of the latter, diacylglycerol no longer accumulated and triacylglycerol synthesis was suppressed, although the sum of synthesized diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine remained constant. This indicates that the same pool of diacylglycerol is shared by choline-phosphotransferase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase and that the relative activity of these enzymes depends on the CDP-choline supply. Comparison of the levels of the esterification intermediates with the activity of the respective steps of the pathway reveals that, at a fixed fatty acid concentration, glycerophosphate acyltransferase determines the esterification rate, whereas lysophosphatidate acyltransferase and, at low CDP-choline levels, diacylglycerol acyltransferase approach saturation at elevated sn-glycerol 3-phosphate concentration. There is, however, no indication for a regulatory role of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase in this system. The significance of these findings for the regulation of triacylglycerol synthesis under conditions in vivo is discussed.

Influence of Dietary Fatty Acid Concentration and Geometric Configuration on Murine Mammary Tumorigenesis and Experimental Metastasis

1984 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1834-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent L. Erickson ◽  
Deborah S. Schlanger ◽  
Dorothy A. Adams ◽  
David R. Fregeau ◽  
Judith S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Mammary Tumorigenesis ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Geometric Configuration ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Experimental Metastasis

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Concentration and Phase Transitions Modulate Aβ Aggregation Pathways

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratip Rana ◽  
Dexter N. Dean ◽  
Edward D. Steen ◽  
Ashwin Vaidya ◽  
Vijayaraghavan Rangachari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Aβ Aggregation

scholarly journals Effects of probiotics on loperamide-induced constipation in rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takio Inatomi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Sd Rats

AbstractConstipation, a common health problem, causes discomfort and affects quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of probiotics on loperamide (LP)-induced constipation in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, a well-established animal model of spastic constipation. In total, 100 male SD rats (age, 8 weeks; Japan SLC, Inc., Hamamatsu, Japan) were used in the experiments following a 12-day acclimatisation period. They were randomly divided into two treatment groups (groups 1 and 2) of 50 rats each. Spastic constipation was induced via oral administration of LP (3 mg/kg) for 6 days 1 hour before the administration of each test compound. Similarly, a probiotics solution (4 ml/kg body weight) was orally administered to the rats once a day for 6 days in group 2. In group 1, phosphate buffer solution was orally administered once a day for 6 days 1 hour after each LP administration. The changes in body weight, faecal parameters, short-chain fatty acid concentration in faeces, and faecal immunoglobulin (Ig)-A concentration were recorded. In the present study, the oral administration of probiotics improved faecal parameters, short-chain fatty acid concentration in faeces, and faecal IgA concentration. Our results indicate that probiotics increase the levels of intestinal short-chain fatty acids, especially butyric acid, thereby improving constipation and intestinal immunity.

Short-term Regulation of Resistin in vivo by Oral Lipid Ingestion and in vitro by Fatty Acid Stimulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (09) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schmid ◽  
S. Leszczak ◽  
I. Ober ◽  
T. Karrasch ◽  
A. Schäffler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Term
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