Ceramide synthase 4 deficiency in mice causes lipid alterations in sebum and results in alopecia

2014 ◽  
Vol 461 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Ebel ◽  
Silke Imgrund ◽  
Katharina vom Dorp ◽  
Kristina Hofmann ◽  
Helena Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Ceramide Synthase ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Altered Lipid

Ceramide synthase 4 (CerS4)-deficient mice exhibit altered lipid composition in sebum, hair follicle dystrophy and progressing alopecia. Normal function of the sebaceous glands is disrupted, thus CerS4 is essential for the synthesis of functionally normal sebum and hair follicle homoeostasis.

scholarly journals Rac1 Is Crucial for Hair Follicle Integrity but Is Not Essential for Maintenance of the Epidermis

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 6957-6970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chrostek ◽  
Xunwei Wu ◽  
Fabio Quondamatteo ◽  
Rong Hu ◽  
Anna Sanecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Normal Differentiation ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT Rac1 is a small GTPase that regulates the actin cytoskeleton but also other cellular processes. To investigate the function of Rac1 in skin, we generated mice with a keratinocyte-restricted deletion of the rac1 gene. Rac1-deficient mice lost nearly all of their hair within a few weeks after birth. The nonpermanent part of mutant hair follicles developed constrictions; lost expression of hair follicle-specific keratins, E-cadherin, and α6 integrin; and was eventually removed by macrophages. The permanent part of hair follicles and the sebaceous glands were maintained, but no regrowth of full-length hair follicles was observed. In the skin of mutant mice, epidermal keratinocytes showed normal differentiation, proliferation, cell-cell contacts, and basement membrane deposition, demonstrating no obvious defects of Rac1-deficient epidermis in vivo. In vitro, Rac1-null keratinocytes displayed a strong spreading defect and slightly impaired adhesion. These data show that Rac1 plays an important role in sustaining the integrity of the lower part of hair follicles but not in maintenance of the epidermis.

scholarly journals Interfollicular epidermal stem-like cells for the recreation of the hair follicle epithelial compartment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla M. Abreu ◽  
Rogério P. Pirraco ◽  
Rui L. Reis ◽  
Mariana T. Cerqueira ◽  
Alexandra P. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Epithelial Compartment ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Background Hair follicle (HF) development and growth are dependent on epithelial-mesenchymal interactions (EMIs). Dermal papilla (DP) cells are recognized as the key inductive mesenchymal player, but the ideal source of receptive keratinocytes for human HF regeneration is yet to be defined. We herein investigated whether human interfollicular epidermal keratinocytes with stem-like features (EpSlKCs), characterized by a α6bri/CD71dim expression, can replace human hair follicular keratinocytes (HHFKCs) for the recreation of the HF epithelium and respective EMIs. Methods The α6bri/CD71dim cellular fraction was selected from the whole interfollicular keratinocyte population through fluorescence-activated cell sorting and directly compared with follicular keratinocytes in terms of their proliferative capacity and phenotype. The crosstalk with DP cells was studied in an indirect co-culture system, and EpSlKC hair forming capacity tested in a hair reconstitution assay when combined with DP cells. Results EpSlKCs exhibited a phenotypic profile similar to follicular keratinocytes and were capable of increasing DP cell proliferation and, for short co-culture times, the number of alkaline phosphatase-active cells, suggesting an improvement of their inductivity. Moreover, the recreation of immature HFs and sebaceous glands was observed after EpSlKC and DP cell co-grafting in nude mice. Conclusions Our results suggest that EpSlKCs are akin to follicular keratinocytes and can crosstalk with DP cells, contributing to HF morphogenesis in vivo, thus representing an attractive epithelial cell source for hair regeneration strategies.

scholarly journals Aberrant Regulation of Hematopoiesis by T Cells in BAZF-Deficient Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 5275-5285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hal E. Broxmeyer ◽  
Sarita Sehra ◽  
Scott Cooper ◽  
Lisa M. Toney ◽  
Saritha Kusam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACTThe BAZF (BCL-6b) protein is highly similar to the BCL-6 transcriptional repressor. While BCL-6 has been characterized extensively, relatively little is known about the normal function of BAZF. In order to understand the physiological role of BAZF, we created BAZF-deficient mice. Unlike BCL-6-deficient mice, BAZF-deficient mice are healthy and normal in size. However, BAZF-deficient mice have a hematopoietic progenitor phenotype that is almost identical to that of BCL-6-deficient mice. Compared to wild-type mice, both BAZF-deficient and BCL-6-deficient mice have greatly reduced numbers of cycling hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) in the BM and greatly increased numbers of cycling HPC in the spleen. In contrast to HPC from wild-type mice, HPC from BAZF-deficient and BCL-6-deficient mice are resistant to chemokine-induced myelosuppression and do not show a synergistic growth response to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus stem cell factor. Depletion of CD8 T cells in BAZF-deficient mice reverses several of the hematopoietic defects in these mice. Since both BAZF- and BCL-6-deficient mice have defects in CD8 T-cell differentiation, we hypothesize that both BCL-6 and BAZF regulate HPC homeostasis by an indirect pathway involving CD8 T cells.

scholarly journals 732 Ceramide synthase 4 controls epidermal lipid composition and barrier function

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S124
Author(s):  
F. Peters ◽  
F. Tellkamp ◽  
S. Brodesser ◽  
W. Bloch ◽  
O. Utermöhlen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Ceramide Synthase

Altered Lipid Composition of Secretory Cells Following Exposure to Zinc Can Be Correlated to Changes in Exocytosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5406-5411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Ren ◽  
Masoumeh Dowlatshahi Pour ◽  
Per Malmberg ◽  
Andrew G. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Altered Lipid

scholarly journals Hair Follicle Nevus with Sebaceous Hyperplasia: A Dermoscopic Observation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Harada ◽  
Yuichiro Kato ◽  
Yukihiko Kato ◽  
Ryoji Tsuboi
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
The Face ◽  
Diagnostic Usefulness ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

We herein report a case of hair follicle nevus, a rare hamartoma found on the face and showing follicular differentiation, which was associated with sebaceous hyperplasia. Dermoscopy of the lesion showed yellow globules surrounded by crown vessels/telangiectasias and scattered tiny hairs. Histopathological investigation revealed hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and proliferation of well-differentiated vellus hair follicles. These pathological findings were thought to correspond to the yellowish globules and tiny hairs observed under dermoscopy. Hair follicle nevus associated with sebaceous hyperplasia is extremely rare; however, dermoscopic examination can suggest an appropriate diagnosis. The present case proved the diagnostic usefulness of dermoscopy for cutaneous tumors with hair follicular and sebaceous glandular differentiation.

scholarly journals Altered Lipid Composition of Surfactant and Lung Tissue in Murine Experimental Malaria-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0143195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diletta Scaccabarozzi ◽  
Katrien Deroost ◽  
Natacha Lays ◽  
Fausta Omodeo Salè ◽  
Philippe E. Van den Steen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Altered Lipid
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