scholarly journals Uridine kinase in embryonic rat liver. Modulation of enzyme activity by 5-azacytidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Veselý ◽  
A. Čihák
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Uridine Kinase

Uridine kinase activity in rat liver decreases during embryonic and postnatal development. Administration of 5-azacytidine enhances liver uridine kinase activity in adult rats, but depresses it in embryos. The liver enzymes from the foetus and the adult are precipitated at different (NH4)2SO4 concentrations although they are eluted at about the same position on chromatography on a column of Sepharose 6B.

ON THE MODULATING EFFECTS OF OVARIES ON NEONATAL ANDROGEN PROGRAMMING OF RAT LIVER ENZYMES

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åke Stenberg
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activity Pattern ◽  
Reversible Nature

ABSTRACT The metabolism of 4-[4-14C]androstene-3,17-dione in rat liver microsomal and cytosol fractions was investigated in adult female rats treated with 1.45 μmole of testosterone propionate at birth. The effects of ovariectomy at 14 and 43 days of age on neonatal testosterone imprinting of enzyme levels were studied. Animals spayed 14 days after birth showed a typical masculinized hepatic enzyme activity pattern with a decreased level of the 5α-reductase activity and increased levels of 5α-reductase, 16α-hydroxylase and 17α- and 3β-hydroxysteroid reductase levels. The pattern was essentially the same in testosterone propionate-treated rats spayed 43 days after birth – with the exception of a feminized 5α-reductase activity – whereas a completely feminized ("de-imprinted") pattern of enzyme activities was found in the rats with intact ovaries at the time of death. It is concluded that de-imprinting action of ovaries is mainly of a reversible nature.

Effect of adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy on responses of rat liver enzymes to high-protein diets

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Freedland
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Simple Pattern ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

Although many enzymes are increased by either a high-protein diet or cortisol adminstration, there was no evidence of a glucocorticoid requirement for the high-protein mediated increases. This was particularly noticeable for enzymes markedly increased by feeding a high-protein diet. Neither adrenalectomy nor hypophysectomy prevented the diet-mediated increases, although in certain instances the responses were decreased. Many enzymes which were unaffected or decreased in the intact rat by feeding a high-protein diet had markedly different responses after endocrine removal. There did not appear to be a general or simple pattern of these altered responses. Therefore predictions on possible activity changes could not be made, except for those enzymes normally increased by a high-protein diet on the basis of metabolic function or hormonal effects. Possible hormonal controls of these changes in enzyme activity are discussed.

Quantitative Topochemistry of Rat Liver Enzymes during Postnatal Development in Relation to Activity-Rest Cycle

1987 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radium D. Bhattacharya ◽  
Tsutomu Araki ◽  
Masa-oki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes

scholarly journals BENZPYRENE HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY IN ISOLATED PARENCHYMAL AND NONPARENCHYMAL CELLS OF RAT LIVER

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elroy Cantrell ◽  
Edward Bresnick
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Steroid Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Nonparenchymal Cells ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Benzpyrene Hydroxylase

Previous studies have implicated the reticuloendothelial cells of the liver in certain aspects of steroid metabolism. The similarity in the metabolism of steroids and polycyclic hydrocarbons suggested that the nonparenchymal cells possibly play a role in these areas. The present study presents evidence that at least one of the microsomal NADPH-requirig enzymes, benzpyrene hydroxylase, is present in nonparenchymal cells and, furthermore, is "inducible." In adult rats treated with 3-methylcholanthrene or ß-naphthoflavone, the nonparenchymal cells exhibited increases in benzpyrene hydroxylase activity of 17-fold and five-fold, respectively. Treatment with phenobarbital resulted in only a slight increase in enzyme activity. Enzyme activity in parenchymal cells under similar conditions was increased sixfold and fivefold by 3-methylcholanthrene and ß-naphthoflavone, respectively, but not by phenobarbital.

Enhancement of rat liver uridine kinase activity by various metabolic inhibitors

1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois Čihák ◽  
Jiři Veselý ◽  
Ken R. Harrap
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Uridine Kinase

scholarly journals Thymidine kinase activity in cardiac muscle during embryonic and postnatal development

1974 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Gillette ◽  
William C. Claycomb
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Thymidine Kinase ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Sedimentation Coefficient ◽  
Polymerase Activity ◽  
Thymidine Kinase Activity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Km Value

Cytoplasmic thymidine kinase from cardiac muscle of the rat has been characterized. It has a pH optimum of 9.0 and a Km value for thymidine of 1.6μm. The sedimentation coefficient of this enzyme in sucrose gradients is 4.5S, which represents a molecular weight of approx. 69000. Thymidine kinase prepared from cardiac muscle of foetal, neonatal and adult rats is inhibited by dTTP and dTDP; there is neither inhibition nor stimulation by dTMP, dCTP, dATP, dGTP or cyclic AMP. The activity of thymidine kinase in differentiating cardiac muscle of foetal and neonatal rats declines progressively with development, reaching adult values of almost zero by the fifteenth to seventeenth day of postnatal development. This represents a 70-fold decrease in enzyme activity from 3 days before birth to 17 days after birth. The loss of thymidine kinase activity in differentiating cardiac muscle correlates temporally with the cessation of DNA biosynthesis and the loss of cytoplasmic DNA polymerase activity in this tissue.

TERATOGENIC EFFECT OF HERBICIDE GLIFONOX IN RATTUS NORVEGICUS, WISTAR STRAIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ortiz Ortega ◽  
Karla S. Martínez Elizalde ◽  
Tomás Ernesto Villamar-Duque
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

<p>Teratogenic effect of herbicide glyphosate-Roundup, sold under the name Glifotox on Wistar rats was evaluated. The biological material was treated intraperitoneally with glyphosate at concentrations of 100, 125, and 150 mg/kg from gestation day nine. Hysterectomy was performed on day 18 of gestation, and the uterine horns where the embryos were located, in addition to recording the percentage of malformed embryos by modifying the method of Wilson were observed. The liver was removed and quantified by spectrophotometry with transaminase activity showed higher concentrations malformation rate and higher enzyme activity was 125 mg/kg, below is the average of 100 mg/kg and higher concentrations such as 150 mg/kg a large number of resorptions was obtained. It is concluded that glyphosate is toxic affecting the liver and liver enzymes involved in the formation of amino acids also produce delay in embryonic development.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of repeated co-treatment with escitalopram and aripiprazole on the schizophrenia-like behaviors and BDNF mRNA expression in the adult Sprague–Dawley rats exposed to glutathione deficit during early postnatal development of the brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta A. Lech ◽  
Kinga Kamińska ◽  
Monika Leśkiewicz ◽  
Elżbieta Lorenc-Koci ◽  
Zofia Rogóż
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Bdnf Mrna ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Glutathione Synthesis ◽  
Early Postnatal Development

Abstract Background Preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that impaired endogenous synthesis of glutathione during early postnatal development plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Moreover, some studies have suggested that antidepressants are able to increase the activity of atypical antipsychotics which may efficiently improve the treatment of negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods In the present study, we investigated the influence of repeated co-treatment with escitalopram and aripiprazole on the schizophrenia-like behavior and BDNF mRNA expression in adult rats exposed to glutathione deficit during early postnatal development. Male pups between the postnatal days p5–p16 were treated with the inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, BSO (L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine) and the dopamine uptake inhibitor, GBR 12,909 alone or in combination. Escitalopram and aripiprazole were given repeatedly for 21 days before the tests. On p90–92 rats were evaluated in the behavioral and biochemical tests. Results BSO given alone and together with GBR 12,909 induced deficits in the studied behavioral tests and decreased the expression of BDNF mRNA. Repeated aripiprazole administration at a higher dose reversed these behavioral deficits. Co-treatment with aripiprazole and an ineffective dose of escitalopram also abolished the behavioral deficits in the studied tests. Conclusion The obtained data indicated that the inhibition of glutathione synthesis in early postnatal development induced long-term deficits corresponding to schizophrenia-like behavior and decreased the BDNF mRNA expression in adult rats, and these behavioral deficits were reversed by repeated treatment with a higher dose of aripiprazole and also by co-treatment with aripiprazole and ineffective dose of escitalopram.

scholarly journals Postnatal development of rat liver mitochondrial functions. The roles of protein synthesis and of adenine nucleotides.

1988 ◽  
Vol 263 (16) ◽  
pp. 7767-7775
Author(s):  
C Valcarce ◽  
R M Navarrete ◽  
P Encabo ◽  
E Loeches ◽  
J Satrústegui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions
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