scholarly journals The synthesis and decay of histone fractions and of deoxyribonucleic acid in the developing avian brain

1971 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Bondy
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Decay Curve ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Avian Brain ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Histone Fraction ◽  
Histone Protein ◽  
Histone Proteins ◽  
Wide Range

1. The turnover of cerebral histones and DNA after injection of [4,5-3H]leucine or [methyl-3-3H]thymidine, respectively, was studied in the developing chick. 2. Chromatin was prepared from chick nuclei that had been purified by centrifugation through 1.9m-sucrose. 3. Nuclear proteins were fractionated into three major histone classes, F1 (lysine-rich), F2(b) (slightly lysine-rich) and [F3+F2(a)] (arginine-rich), and a non-histone protein residue. 4. The proportions of the histone classes remained constant throughout the period of development studied. 5. All histone fractions decayed at a similar rate, initially with a half-life of around 5 days, later with a half-life of 19 days. 6. Non-histone proteins from chromatin decayed in a heterogeneous manner with a wide range of half-lives. 7. Short-term labelling studies showed that all histone fractions were synthesized at the same rate. 8. Some non-histone proteins were very rapidly synthesized relative to histones. 9. DNA had a longer half-life than any histone fraction studied. A biphasic exponential decay curve with half-lives of 23 and 50 days was found. 10. It was concluded that the turnover of histones can occur independently of that of DNA and that different histone classes have similar rates of synthesis and decay.

scholarly journals Years of life lost due to external radiation exposure

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Jagos Raicevic ◽  
Milan Merkle ◽  
Joachim Enrhard ◽  
Marko Ninkovic
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
External Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Radioactive Cloud ◽  
The One ◽  
External Exposures

In this paper a new approach for calculation of the years of life lost per excess death due to stochastic health effects is applied to external exposure pathways. The short-term external exposures are due to the passage of radioactive cloud and due to the skin and clothes contamination. The long-term external exposure is the one from the radioactive material deposited on the ground (groundshine). Three nuclides, 131I, 137Cs, and 239Pu, and with the extremely wide range of half-life are considered in order to examine their possible influence on the calculated values of years of life lost. For each of these nuclides, the number of years of life lost has been found as a decreasing function of the age at the expo sure and presented graphically in this paper. For protracted exposures, the fully averaged number of years of life lost is negative correlated with the nuclide?s half-life. On the other hand, the short-term external exposures do not depend on the nuclide?s half-life. In addition, a weak years of life lost dependence of the dose has been commented.

Effects of Atovaquone on the Ultrastructural Morphology of Pneumocystis Carinii

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
M.P. Goheen ◽  
M.S. Bartlett ◽  
M.M. Shaw ◽  
S.R. Meshnick ◽  
J.W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Spinner Flask ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Significant Incidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurs at some time in most patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine isothionate are the traditional modes of therapy for treatment and prophylaxis of PCP. Unfortunately these drugs are associated with a significant incidence of adverse side effects particularly in patients with AIDS. Toxicity and a growing concern that P. carinii strains are becoming resistant to these compounds is providing the impetus for the search for additional drugs to combat P. carinii. Atovaquone, developed as an antimalarial agent, has activity against a wide range of other organisms, including Toxoplasma sp. and P. carinii, with a lower incidence of adverse reactions during clinical trials. Atovaquone inhibits mitochondrial respiration in P. falciparum and P. carinii. In this study transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the effects of atovaquone on P. carinii organisms in short term spinner flask culture.Spinner flask cultures of human embryonic lung cells were inoculated with P. carinii from infected rat lung.

scholarly journals In-Situ Cosmogenic 14C: Production and Examples of its Unique Applications in Studies of Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Processes

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 731-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lal ◽  
A J T Jull
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere

Nuclear interactions of cosmic rays produce a number of stable and radioactive isotopes on the earth (Lai and Peters 1967). Two of these, 14C and 10Be, find applications as tracers in a wide variety of earth science problems by virtue of their special combination of attributes: 1) their source functions, 2) their half-lives, and 3) their chemical properties. The radioisotope, 14C (half-life = 5730 yr) produced in the earth's atmosphere was the first to be discovered (Anderson et al. 1947; Libby 1952). The next longer-lived isotope, also produced in the earth's atmosphere, 10Be (half-life = 1.5 myr) was discovered independently by two groups within a decade (Arnold 1956; Goel et al. 1957; Lal 1991a). Both the isotopes are produced efficiently in the earth's atmosphere, and also in solids on the earth's surface. Independently and jointly they serve as useful tracers for characterizing the evolutionary history of a wide range of materials and artifacts. Here, we specifically focus on the production of 14C in terrestrial solids, designated as in-situ-produced 14C (to differentiate it from atmospheric 14C, initially produced in the atmosphere). We also illustrate the application to several earth science problems. This is a relatively new area of investigations, using 14C as a tracer, which was made possible by the development of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The availability of the in-situ 14C variety has enormously enhanced the overall scope of 14C as a tracer (singly or together with in-situ-produced 10Be), which eminently qualifies it as a unique tracer for studying earth sciences.

scholarly journals Family and childcare support public expenditures and short-term fertility dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmin Enache
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Cash Benefits

In a period of very low fertility, effective family and childcare support policy measures are needed. From a wide range of instruments available to government intervention, we focus on public expenditures effects on short-term fertility. Using a sample of 28 European countries in a panel framework, we found that there is a small positive elasticity of crude birth rate to cash benefits related to childbirth and childrearing provided through social security system. Different public services provided to ease the burden of parents and all other benefits in kind, means or non-means tested, are found to be insignificant. These results are robust to alternative methods of estimation. Controlling for country heterogeneity by religion and by culture, some particularly interesting differences in birth rate determinants were highlighted as well.

scholarly journals Perception of investing in crypto in India using UTAUT model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1396-1400
Author(s):  
Vidhi Shah
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Utaut Model ◽  
Performance Expectancy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effort Expectancy ◽  
Do So

Abstract: This research was conducted to gather data and understand the perception what the Indian population holds when it comes to investing in cryptocurrency. To do so, a survey was designed using the UTAUT model and was circulated by the means of google forms. A wide range of parameters were considered to avail the maximum possible accuracy for the data collected. Parameters like, the ease of investing crypto, short term and long term benefits, monetary benefits, social benefits were considered. All of these parameters were supposed to be answered on a scale of 5. After collecting all the data, the results were analyzed and evaluated using which the hypothesis made were proved. Keywords: Cryptocurrency, UTAUT, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, perceived monetary benefits, perceived safety, social influence, adoption intension.

scholarly journals Observations of rapid-fire event tremor at Lascar volcano, Chile

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Asch ◽  
K. Wylegalla ◽  
M. Hellweg ◽  
D. Seidl ◽  
H. Rademacher
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Seismic Station ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Local Seismicity ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lascar Volcano

During the Proyecto de Investigaciòn Sismològica de la Cordillera Occidental (PISCO '94) in the Atacama desert of Northern Chile, a continuously recording broadband seismic station was installed to the NW of the currently active volcano, Lascar. For the month of April, 1994, an additional network of three, short period, three-component stations was deployed around the volcano to help discriminate its seismic signals from other local seismicity. During the deployment, the volcanic activity at Lascar appeared to be limited mainly to the emission of steam and SO2. Tremor from Lascar is a random, «rapid-fire» series of events with a wide range of amplitudes and a quasi-fractal structure. The tremor is generated by an ensemble of independent elementary sources clustered in the volcanic edifice. In the short-term, the excitation of the sources fluctuates strongly, while the long-term power spectrum is very stationary.

scholarly journals Polygenic Scores for Cognitive Abilities and their Association with Different Aspects of General Intelligence – a Deep Phenotyping Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhan Genç ◽  
Caroline Schlüter ◽  
Christoph Fraenz ◽  
Larissa Arning ◽  
Huu Phuc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dna Variants ◽  
Trait Prediction ◽  
Deep Phenotyping

AbstractIntelligence is a highly polygenic trait and GWAS have identified thousands of DNA variants contributing with small effects. Polygenic scores (PGS) can aggregate those effects for trait prediction in independent samples. As large-scale light-phenotyping GWAS operationalized intelligence as performance in rather superficial tests, the question arises which intelligence facets are actually captured. We used deep-phenotyping to investigate the molecular determinantes of individual differences in cognitive ability. We therefore studied the association between PGS of educational attainment (EA-PGS) and intelligence (IQ-PGS) with a wide range of intelligence facets in a sample of 320 healthy adults. EA-PGS and IQ-PGS had the highest incremental R2s for general (3.25%; 1.78%), verbal (2.55%; 2.39%) and numerical intelligence (2.79%; 1.54%) and the weakest for non-verbal intelligence (0.50%; 0.19%) and short-term memory (0.34%; 0.22%). These results indicate that PGS derived from light-phenotyping GWAS do not reflect different facets of intelligence equally well, and thus should not be interpreted as genetic indicators of intelligence per se. The findings refine our understanding of how PGS are related to other traits or life outcomes.

A Temporal Hierarchy of Paleoecologic Processes Within a Middle Devonian Epeiric Sea

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 178-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlton E. Brett ◽  
Keith B. Miller ◽  
Gordon C. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Change ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Faunal Change ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ecological Theories ◽  
Stratigraphic Record ◽  
Underlying Processes

Among the most intriguing and significant aspects of the marine stratigraphic record are patterns of temporal change in fossil assemblages and paleocommunities. Understanding the stratigraphic patterns and the correct temporal scale of such faunal change is crucial to interpreting the underlying processes involved. Inattention to the temporal scale at which paleontological data are collected, and at which faunal change is observed, often results in the use of entirely inappropriate explanatory models. In many cases modern ecological theories have been misapplied to the fossil record because problems of scale were not adequately considered. The term “community” itself has been applied to such a wide range of fossil accumulations that it has ceased to have any consistent paleoecologic meaning (see discussion in Järvinen et al.,1986). For this reason, we prefer to use the term “assemblage” for time-averaged accumulations of fossils, and restrict “community” to only those organisms which actually lived together in the same space and time (i.e., a biocoenosis). Therefore, faunal assemblages, even when untransported, are the preserved amalgamated record of many successive communities within which short-term (10 – 100 years) changes may or may not be resolvable. Recurrent, compositionally similar assemblages, believed to have occupied generally similar benthic environments, are then grouped into biofacies which can be seen to intergrade and migrate through time.

scholarly journals Effect of various abiotic stressors on some biochemical indices of Lepidium sativum plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar N. Al-Sammarraie ◽  
Khalid Y. Alsharafa ◽  
Muhamad O. Al-limoun ◽  
Khaled M. Khleifat ◽  
Sameeh A. Al-Sarayreh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractIn this study, the regulation of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) specific activity, anthocyanin, carotenoid, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and protein levels in cress leaves in response to different abiotic stresses were investigated. The total APX specific activity was significantly elevated after 9 days of drought treatment, short-term (2 h) exposure to 10, 100 and 370 µE of light, long-term exposure (at least 6 days) to 100 mM NaCl versus the specific APX activity in the controls. Furthermore, a significant change in total APX activity was detected in response to treatment with different temperatures; this change was an early response to 4 °C and 30 °C for a maximum of 4 h, while short-term exposure to 35 °C did not change total APX activity. The results of the present study revealed that plants have a wide range of mechanisms to cope with different stresses that possibly involve morphological changes. The results indicated that Lepidium sativum plants launch common protective pathways only under drought, salinity and high light stresses, while other protective mechanisms/strategies could be responsible for increasing the plants tolerance towards temperature and low light. Future studies will investigate changes in the photosynthetic quantum yield and specific target metabolites, proteins, and nonenzymatic antioxidants.

scholarly journals Efficient acylation of gastrodin byAspergillus oryzaewhole-cells in non-aqueous media

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 16701-16712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Maohua Ma ◽  
Xuan Xin ◽  
Yuqian Tang ◽  
Guanglei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Cns Diseases ◽  
Plant Source ◽  
Wide Range

Gastrodin, a bioactive compound extracted from the plant source ofGastrodia elataBlume, has a wide range of therapeutic effects on central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but suffers from poor brain permeability and short half-life in plasma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document