scholarly journals The determination of oestrogens in human pregnancy urine. A new method of correcting for the brown colour developed in the Kober reaction by non-oestrogenic substances

1947 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret F. Stevenson ◽  
G. F. Marrian
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Pregnancy Urine

STEROIDS AND OTHER LIPIDS OF PREGNANT COW'S URINE

1959 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. KLYNE ◽  
A. A. WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Fraction ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Lipid Material ◽  
Urinary Steroids ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
The Common ◽  
Steroid Excretion

SUMMARY 1. Pregnant cow's urine was hydrolysed with acid, and the lipid material obtained was submitted to the fractionation procedures customary in the study of urinary steroids. 2. Oestrone (0·3 mg/1.) and oestradiol-17α (0·1 mg/1.) were isolated from the phenolic fraction. Oestradiol-17β could not be detected. 3. The heterocyclic phenol equol isoflavan-7:4′-diol) was also isolated (6 mg/1.). 4. The neutral non-ketonic fraction contained 5β-androstane-3α: 17α-diol (0·2 mg/1.) and 5α-androstane-3β:17α-diol. A very small quantity of material resembling 5β-pregnane-3α:20α-diol (the common 'pregnanediol' of human pregnancy urine) was isolated but not satisfactorily identified. 5. The volatile part of this fraction contained two tetrahydroionanediols A and B. 6. The neutral non-volatile ketonic fraction was small (0·6 mg/1.). Three α-17-oxosteroids were tentatively identified. 7. The results are discussed in relation to the routes of steroid excretion in cows, and in relation to the determination of steroids in animal urines.

THE EXCRETION OF »LABILE« OESTROGENS DURING HUMAN PREGNANCY

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul L. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
New Method ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Labile Fraction ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Recently a new method of assaying the »labile oestrogens« of pregnancy urine became available as the difference between the »ammonium sulphate total«, which measures the »total (stable + labile) oestrogens« of the urine, and a »modified Brown total«, which measures its »total stable« oestrogens content. The »labile oestrogen« fraction increases during normal (uncomplicated) pregnancy, from an average of 17 per cent at 20 weeks of pregnancy to 48 per cent of the »modified Brown« total at term, or from 15 to 33 per cent of the »ammonium sulphate total« for the same time periods. Since the ketolic oestrogens form an approximately constant 15 (14–16) per cent of the total oestrogens excreted during a normal pregnancy (Hobkirk & Nilsen 1962; Hobkirk et al. 1970), this increasing percentage of total »labile« oestrogens must therefore be due to an increase in non-ketolic labile oestrogen(s). This increase in the »labile« fraction is such that it tends to compensate for the decreasing per cent of »total« oestrogen yielded by the oestrone + oestradiol fractions of the urine with progressing pregnancy. Thus the oestrone + oestradiol plus the »labile« fractions tend to fall within the range of 30 to 35 per cent of the »ammonium sulphate total«; and the oestriol fractions excreted during a normal pregnancy tend to fall within the range of 65 to 70 per cent, but may occasionally reach levels of close to 50 per cent or greater than 80 per cent, of this »total«.

The Conjugated Estrogens. II. A New Method for Isolating Estriol Monoglucosiduronide from Normal Human Pregnancy Urine

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1245-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul L. Cohen ◽  
Erkut Oran
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
New Method ◽  
Conjugated Estrogens ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Precipitate ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
Normal Human

Estriol glucosiduronide has been prepared from normal pregnancy urine both as sodium salt and as the free carbonyl forms by a new and simple five-step procedure: (i) precipitation by ammonium sulfate of the conjugated estrogens from the urine; (ii) preparation of a methanol–acetone (M–A) solution of the conjugated estrogens from the ammonium sulfate precipitate; (iii) filtration through columns of Sephadex G 25 of the combined M–A residues from large batches of urine, which yielded the starting material for the work presented in this paper, namely peak four of the six estrogen peaks thus obtained; (iv) the conversion to the carbonyl form by a "Kellie" extraction at pH 2.0–2.5; and (v) crystallization of the acid or of its sodium salt from the semi-crystalline residue.

Determination of the structure of a fucose-containing trisaccharide monophosphate isolated from human pregnancy urine

1986 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Derappe ◽  
Chantal Bauvy ◽  
Marguerite Lemonnier ◽  
Michel Lhermitte ◽  
Nicole Platzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Urine

A new method for the determination of nitrates

1960 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P WEST ◽  
G LYLES
Keyword(s):  
New Method

A New Method for the Determination of Plasma Activators of Fibrinolysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Margalit ◽  
E Gidron ◽  
Y Shalitin
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Effective Activator

SummaryThe term “effective activator” of plasminogen is proposed, to denote the resultant of activator-antiactivator interaction, and a method for the determination of the level of these activators is described. By adding axcess plasminogen to the euglobulin fraction of plasma the influence of the level of endogenous plasminogen and of the antiplasmin is eliminated. It is shown that the level of fibrinogen has very little bearing on the results. An effective activator unit is defined as equal to 1 CTA unit of urokinase activity on a fibrinogen-plasminogen substrate.

The Plasmin Inhibitors of Plasma

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shamash ◽  
A Rimon
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
New Method ◽  
Normal Amount ◽  
Caseinolytic Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitors

SummaryA new method for the assay of plasmin inhibitors in human plasma is described. The method consists of determination of the caseinolytic activity of a standard plasmin solution before and after incubation with the inhibitor, with lysine added to the mixture as a stabilizer of plasmin. Using this method, it was found that plasma contains enough inhibitors to inactivate 30 caseinolytic units of plasmin, or 10 times the normal amount of plasminogen in human plasma.

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