scholarly journals The dream team meets liver perfusion: From gluconeogenesis to hepatic physiology

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
John T. Brosnan ◽  
Margaret E. Brosnan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Biochemical Journal ◽  
Liver Preparation ◽  
Classic Paper

This Biochemical Journal ‘Classic Paper’ article describes the development in the Krebs laboratory of a simple and robust procedure for perfusion of the rat liver. Although initially designed for the study of gluconeogenesis, the procedure has been widely used for a variety of studies which require a physiological in vitro liver preparation.

Uptake of cholesterol from the very low density lipoprotein or its remnants by the perfused rat liver

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon-Pierre Noël ◽  
David Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Uptake ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Perfused Liver ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins

[3H]Cholesterol labelled very low density lipoproteins ([3H]chol-VLDL) were prepared to study the hepatic uptake of cholesterol associated with VLDL and its remnants in the perfused liver system. [3H]Chol-VLDL was incubated with rat postheparin plasma to produce labelled remnants in vitro. The degree of lipolysis of [3H]chol-VLDL depended on the ratio of triacylglycerols to lipase in the incubation medium. Therefore, the produced remnant of d < 1.019 g∙mL−1 had a variable lipid composition depending on the degree of lipolysis. [3H]Chol-VLDL or its remnants were added to liver perfusate and the radioactivity remaining in the perfusate was measured. The kinetic disappearance of [3H]chol-VLDL and its remnants in the perfused liver system indicated that remnant of d < 1.019 g∙mL−1 was taken up by the liver faster than the original VLDL preparation (t1/2 of 8 min vs. 51 min). Appearance of the label in bile during the perfusion was significantly faster when livers were perfused with [3H]chol-VLDL remnants as opposed to uncatabolized [3H]chol-VLDL.The results indicate that first of all, VLDL remnants produced in vitro and reisolated at density less than 1.019 g∙mL−1 do not have a fixed lipid composition but a rather variable one depending on the degree of lipolysis. Secondly, the rat liver may preferentially recognize this VLDL remnant of d < 1.019 g∙mL−1 and take it up more readily than uncatabolized VLDL. Finally when equimolar amount of cholesterol from VLDL or VLDL remnants are circulated in the liver perfusion, the VLDL remnants convey a significantly greater mass of cholesterol to the bile.

scholarly journals Altered hepatic catabolism of low-density lipoprotein subjected to lipid peroxidation in vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
W L Stone ◽  
M Heimberg ◽  
R L Scott ◽  
I LeClair ◽  
H G Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Perfusion System ◽  
Oxidatively Modified ◽  
Generating System

Recent evidence suggests that oxidatively modified forms of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may be particularly atherogenic. In this investigation, the catabolism of human LDL modified by lipid peroxidation in vitro was studied with a recirculating rat liver perfusion system. A dual-labelling technique was used that permitted native LDL and modified LDL to be studied simultaneously in the liver perfusion system. Native human LDL was found to have a fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of 1.00 +/- 0.21%/h, in agreement with other investigators. Subjecting LDL to oxidation for 12 h in the presence of 30 microM FeEDTA did not significantly affect its FCR. LDL treated with a superoxide-generating system (xanthine oxidase, hypoxanthine, O2) in the presence of 30 microM FeEDTA did, however, show a significant increase in FCR (3.23 +/- 0.19%/h). The hepatic uptakes of native LDL and LDL oxidized with FeEDTA+O2 were similar, but both were significantly lower than the hepatic uptake of LDL treated with the superoxide-radical-generating system. The proteolysis of LDL with pancreatin did not influence either its susceptibility to oxidation or its FCR. LDL oxidation resulted in the preferential loss of alpha-tocopherol rather than gamma-tocopherol. These data indicate that the rat liver effectively catabolizes LDL oxidatively modified by treatment with the superoxide-generating system. Furthermore, our results suggest that only very low plasma levels of highly oxidized LDL could be found under conditions in vivo. The liver may therefore play a major role in protecting the arterial vasculature from highly atherogenic forms of LDL.

The effects of cofactor and species differences on the in vitro metabolism of propiophenone and phenylacetone

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Coutts ◽  
D. R. Prelusky ◽  
G. R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
In Vitro Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Route ◽  
Liver Preparation ◽  
Carbonyl Reduction ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenation ◽  
Liver Homogenates ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

In vitro metabolism of the aromatic ketone propiophenone and its nonaromatic isomer phenylacetone was studied using fortified 12 000 × g supernatants of liver homogenates from rat and rabbit. Reduction to the corresponding alcohols was the major metabolic route observed, although aliphatic C-hydroxylation and alcohol dehydrogenation also occurred. Marked differences were observed in the amounts of carbonyl reduction of the substrates, which was dependant on the species as well as the cofactor employed. Using rat liver preparation, phenylacetone was reduced to 1-phenyl-2-propanol much more efficiently with an NADH-fortified system than when NADPH was used whereas in rabbit, extensive reduction occurred in the presence of either cofactor. Reduction of propiophenone to 1-phenyl-1-propanol by rat liver preparation was slightly greater in the presence of NADH than with NADPH; the converse was observed in rabbit.Aliphatic hydroxylation of propiophenone to 2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-1-propamine was also a significant metabolic pathway in both species, with NADPH being the more efficient cofactor, but C-1 hydroxylation of phenylacetone to 1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-propanone occurred only to a minor extent. Small amounts of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, as well as both erythro and threo isomers of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanediol, were also identified as metabolites in both species. Similar metabolic studies were carried out on the alcohols 1-phenyl-1-propanol and 1-phenyl-2-propanol and again the nature and quantities of metabolites isolated showed both species and cofactor dependancies.

scholarly journals The catabolism of cholesterol in vitro. Formation of 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid from cholesterol by rat liver

1969 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mendelsohn ◽  
L. Mendelsohn
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Liver Preparation

1. Both 25-d- and 25-l-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid were isolated from the gall-bladder bile of Crocodylus niloticus. 2. The catabolism of cholesterol to 25-d- and 25-l-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid respectively was studied by using a rat liver preparation in vitro. The results show that rat liver can metabolize cholesterol to both forms of 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid. However, a preference was noted for the formation from [4−14C]cholesterol of 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid (25-d), which was isolated from the incubations with a specific radioactivity about four times that of 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid (25-l). 3. The results indicate that 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoic acid is a normal intermediate in the biosynthesis of bile acids from cholesterol in the rat.

scholarly journals Evaluation for effect of hypothermia on the disposition of 4-nitrophenol in rats by in-vitro metabolism study and rat liver perfusion system

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1536-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Miyamoto ◽  
Satoshi Matsueda ◽  
Kotaro Komori ◽  
Shintaro Fumoto ◽  
Mikiro Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
In Vitro Metabolism ◽  
Perfusion System ◽  
Rat Liver Perfusion ◽  
Metabolism Study

The Effect of Adrenaline Pretreatment on the In Vitro Generation of 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine and 3,3′,5′-Triiodothyronine (Reverse T3) in Rat Liver Preparation

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nauman ◽  
S. Porta ◽  
U. Bardowska ◽  
K. Fiedorowicz ◽  
A. Sadjak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Reverse T3 ◽  
Liver Preparation
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