scholarly journals Expanding the oceanic carbon cycle: Jellyfish biomass in the biological pump

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Lebrato ◽  
Daniel O.B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Gelatinous Zooplankton ◽  
Biological Pump ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
The World ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Oceanic Carbon ◽  
Global Carbon

With atmospheric CO2 concentrations increasing, it is vital to improve our understanding of the processes that sequester carbon, the most important being the biological pump of the world's oceans. Jellyfish might not spring to mind as major players in the global carbon cycle but the evidence of large jelly-falls on the world's deep seabeds suggests that gelatinous zooplankton have a greater role in the biological pump than we thought previously. Jellyfish blooms may be increasing and dead jellyfish may offer a rapidly accessible food source as they sink. We have developed a model to explore the remineralization of gelatinous carcasses as they sink, which is allowing us to predict the effects of jelly-falls on carbon transfer around the world.

scholarly journals FITOPLANKTON DAN SIKLUS KARBON GLOBAL

OSEANA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Mochamad Ramdhan Firdaus ◽  
Lady Ayu Sri Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Biological Pump ◽  
Large Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Pump Mechanism ◽  
Global Carbon

PHYTOPLANKTON AND GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE. Scientists around the world believe that phytoplankton, although microscopic, have a large role in the global carbon cycle. Various research results show that the net primary productivity of all phytoplankton in the sea is almost as large as the net primary productivity of all plants on land. Phytoplankton through the process of photosynthesis absorbs 40-50 PgC / year from the atmosphere. Also, phytoplankton is known to be responsible for transporting carbon from the atmosphere to the seafloor through the carbon biological pump mechanism. Phytoplankton from the coccolithophores group is known to play a role in the sequestration of carbon on the seabed through the carbonate pump mechanism. The mechanism is capable of sequestering carbon for thousands of years on the seabed in the form of sedimentary rocks (limestone).

Coastal carbon transfer in the past - a box model study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kruijt ◽  
Jack Middelburg ◽  
Appy Sluijs
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Box Model ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
Global Carbon

<p>The shelf represents a relatively small fraction of global oceanic area but plays an important role in the global carbon cycle because of high production and burial of organic matter and calcium carbonate. Biological processes on the shelf can greatly alter the partial pressure of dissolved CO2, causing disequilibrium with the atmosphere and fluxes significantly larger than those in the open ocean. Also the transport of major ions from land to open ocean is mediated by shelf processes. Available models resolving the governing processes are typically designed to simulate specific regions. Global carbon cycle models typically implement all shelf processes in one simple box. Global earth system models typically impose a flux of riverine export products from land directly into the open ocean without accounting for processes in the coastal zone. However, the global role of the coastal zone in the carbon cycle on various time scales remains poorly quantified, partly due to the large variability in continental margin environments, hampering proper understanding of past, present and future global carbon cycle dynamics.<br>We develop a new coastal zone model that links river biogeochemistry with open ocean models, focusing on the transfer of carbon. Our first approach represents a box model in which number, size and depth of boxes can be varied. We apply global fluxes of carbon into the system and include functions describing first order organic and inorganic carbon processes in each of the boxes. With this conceptual model of the coastal zone we aim to test the effect of changes in bathymetry, temperature and light attenuation on the way carbon is transferred through the coastal interface, suitable for paleo and future applications.</p>

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of the Biological Pump in the Global Carbon Cycle: An Imperative for Ocean Science

Oceanography ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Honjo ◽  
Timothy Eglinton ◽  
Craig Taylor ◽  
Kevin Ulmer ◽  
Stefan Sievert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Biological Pump ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Global Carbon

The climate as political space: on the territorialisation of the global carbon cycle

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVA LÖVBRAND ◽  
JOHANNES STRIPPLE
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
The World ◽  
Climate Space ◽  
Global Movements ◽  
The One ◽  
Global Carbon

International Relations have increasingly projected an image of the world where territoriality has lost its organising force. The global movements of people, information, capital and pollution are seen as signs of increasing deterritorialisation. Climate change is one of these issues ‘beyond borders’ that due to its global framing has been established within the international. This article is an investigation into the political geography of the carbon cycle. We approach the tension between the representations of climate space as global and deterritorial on the one hand, and political practices that reterritorialise the climate on the other. We trace the political transformation of the global carbon cycle into ‘national sinks’ and argue that the two tendencies of deterritorialisation and reterritorialisation of climate space mirror the spatial assumptions of IR; the national inside and global outside.

Golden age of gas and its impact on the world energy, the global carbon cycle and climate

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Tereshin ◽  
A. V. Klimenko ◽  
V. V. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Carbon

scholarly journals Diel Investments in Phytoplankton Metabolite Production Influenced by Associated Heterotrophic Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Uchimiya ◽  
William Schroer ◽  
Malin Olofsson ◽  
Arthur S. Edison ◽  
Mary Ann Moran
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Extracellular Release ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
Global Carbon

AbstractOrganic carbon transfer between photoautotrophic and heterotrophic microbes in the surface ocean mediated through metabolites dissolved in seawater is a central but poorly understood process in the global carbon cycle. In a synthetic microbial community in which diatom extracellular release of organic molecules sustained growth of a co-cultured bacterium, metabolite transfer was assessed over two diel cycles based on per cell quantification of phytoplankton endometabolites and bacterial transcripts. Of 31 phytoplankton endometabolites identified and classified into temporal abundance patterns, eight could be matched to patterns of bacterial transcripts mediating their uptake and catabolism. A model simulating the coupled endometabolite-transcription relationships hypothesized that one category of outcomes required an increase in phytoplankton metabolite synthesis in response to the presence of the bacterium. An experimental test of this hypothesis confirmed higher endometabolome accumulation in the presence of bacteria for all five compounds assigned to this category – leucine, glycerol-3-phosphate, glucose, and the organic sulfur compounds dihydroxypropanesulfonate and dimethylsulfoniopropionate. Partitioning of photosynthate into rapidly-cycling dissolved organic molecules at the expense of phytoplankton biomass production has implications for carbon sequestration in the deep ocean. That heterotrophic bacteria can impact this partitioning suggests a previously unrecognized influence on the ocean’s carbon reservoirs.Significance StatementMicrobes living in the surface ocean are critical players in the global carbon cycle, carrying out a particularly key role in the flux of carbon between the ocean and atmosphere. The release of metabolites by marine phytoplankton and their uptake by heterotrophic bacteria is one of the major routes of microbial carbon turnover. Yet the identity of these metabolites, their concentration in seawater, and the factors that affect their synthesis and release are poorly known. Here we provide experimental evidence that marine heterotrophic bacteria can affect phytoplankton production and extracellular release of metabolites. This microbial interaction has relevance for the partitioning of photosynthate between dissolved and particulate carbon reservoirs in the ocean, an important factor in oceanic carbon sequestration.

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