Gibberellin application ameliorates the adverse impact of short-term flooding on Glycine max L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 475 (18) ◽  
pp. 2893-2905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aaqil Khan ◽  
Muhammad Hamayun ◽  
Amjad Iqbal ◽  
Sumera Afzal Khan ◽  
Anwar Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
No Production ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Plants

Flooding is an abiotic stress that creates hypoxic conditions triggered by redox potential leading to restricted growth and grain yield in plants. In the current study, we have investigated the effect of exogenous gibberellins (GA4+7) on soybean under flooding stress. A regulatory role of GAs on biochemical changes in soybean plants [including chlorophyll contents, endogenous bioactive GA1 and GA4, endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA)] has been elucidated after 3 and 6 h of flooding stress. The modulation of stress-related bio-chemicals and their genetic determinants [for instance, ABA (Timing of CAB expression1—TOC1, ABA-receptor—ABAR) and NO (S-nitrosoglutathione reductase—GSNOR1, NO overproducer1—NOX, and nitrite reductase—NR)] in response to short-term flooding stress were also explored. The current study showed that exogenous GAs rescued chlorophyll contents, enhanced endogenous bioactive GA1 and GA4 levels, endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and checked the rate of ABA biosynthesis under short-term flooding. The exo-GAs induced the glutathione activity and reduced the resulting superoxide anion contents during short-term flooding in Pungsannamul soybean. Exo-GAs also triggered the endogenous S-nitrosothiols (precursor for increased NO production) that have been decreased over the time. Moreover, the exo-GAs could impinge a variety of biochemical and transcriptional programs that are ameliorative to plant growth during short-term flooding stress. The presence of GA1 and GA4 also confirms the presence of both C13-hydroxylation pathway and non-C13-hydroxylation pathway in soybean, respectively.

scholarly journals Exogenous application of nitric oxide donors regulates short-term flooding stress in soybean

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aaqil Khan ◽  
Abdul Latif Khan ◽  
Qari Muhammad Imran ◽  
Sajjad Asaf ◽  
Sang-Uk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Transcript Accumulation ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions

Short-term water submergence to soybean (Glycine max L.) create hypoxic conditions hindering plant growth and productivity. Nitric oxide (NO) is considered a stress-signalling and stress-evading molecule, however, little is known about its role during flooding stress. We elucidated the role of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso L-cysteine (CySNO) as NO donor in modulation of flooding stress-related bio-chemicals and genetic determinants of associated nitrosative stress to Daewon and Pungsannamul soybean cultivars after 3 h and 6 h of flooding stress. The results showed that exogenous SNP and CysNO induced glutathione activity and reduced the resulting superoxide anion contents during short-term flooding in Pungsannamul soybean. The exo- SNP and CysNO triggered the endogenous S-nitrosothiols, and resulted in elevated abscisic acid (ABA) contents in both soybean cultivars overtime. To know the role of ABA and NO related genes in short-term flooding stress, the mRNA expression of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR1), NO overproducer1 (NOX1) and nitrate reductase (NR), Timing of CAB expression1 (TOC1), and ABA-receptor (ABAR) were assessed. The transcripts accumulation of GSNOR1, NOX1, and NR being responsible for NO homeostasis, were significantly high in response to early or later phases of flooding stress. ABAR and TOC1 showed a decrease in transcript accumulation in both soybean plants treated with exogenous SNP and CySNO. The exo- SNP and CySNO could impinge a variety of biochemical and transcriptional programs that can mitigate the negative effects of short-term flooding stress in soybean.

scholarly journals Discriminating the Short-Term Action of Root and Foliar Application of Humic Acids on Plant Growth: Emerging Role of Jasmonic Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
David De Hita ◽  
Marta Fuentes ◽  
Victoria Fernández ◽  
Angel M. Zamarreño ◽  
Maite Olaetxea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Short Term

Genetic determinants of lung cancer short-term survival: the role of glutathione-related genes

Lung Cancer ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yang ◽  
Akira Yokomizo ◽  
Henry D Tazelaar ◽  
Randolph S Marks ◽  
Timothy G Lesnick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Short Term Survival

scholarly journals Modulatory role of jasmonic acid on photosynthetic pigments, antioxidants and stress markers of Glycine max L. under nickel stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Sirhindi ◽  
Mudaser Ahmad Mir ◽  
Poonam Sharma ◽  
Sarvajeet Singh Gill ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Nickel Stress ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Glycine Max L

Role of affect in short-term memory for paired associates.

1968 ◽  
Vol 78 (3, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 494-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin F. Nodine ◽  
James H. Korn
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Paired Associates

The capacity of short term memory from an evolutionary perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Manoochehri
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cognitive System ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Memory span in humans has been intensely studied for more than a century. In spite of the critical role of memory span in our cognitive system, which intensifies the importance of fundamental determinants of its evolution, few studies have investigated it by taking an evolutionary approach. Overall, we know hardly anything about the evolution of memory components. In the present study, I briefly review the experimental studies of memory span in humans and non-human animals and shortly discuss some of the relevant evolutionary hypotheses.

Impact of FII’s and FDI’s on Indian Stock Market

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Kamlesh Kumar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Earnings Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bull Market ◽  
Indian Stock Market

FIIs are companies registered outside India. In the past four years there has been more than $41 trillion worth of FII funds invested in India. This has been one of the major reasons on the bull market witnessing unprecedented growth with the BSE Sensex rising 221% in absolute terms in this span. The present downfall of the market too is influenced as these FIIs are taking out some of their invested money. Though there is a lot of value in this market and fundamentally there is a lot of upside in it. For long-term value investors, there’s little because for worry but short term traders are adversely getting affected by the role of FIIs are playing at the present. Investors should not panic and should remain invested in sectors where underlying earnings growth has little to do with financial markets or global economy.

The Signaling Pathways in Nitric Oxide Production by Neutrophils Exposed to N-nitrosodimethylamine

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona ◽  
Ewa Jablonska
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Background: Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a crucial role in the innate immune system’s response to microbial pathogens through the release of reactive nitrogen species, including Nitric Oxide (NO). </P><P> Methods: In neutrophils, NO is produced by the inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), which is regulated by various signaling pathways and transcription factors. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a potential human carcinogen, affects immune cells. NDMA plays a major part in the growing incidence of cancers. Thanks to the increasing knowledge on the toxicological role of NDMA, the environmental factors that condition the exposure to this compound, especially its precursors- nitrates arouse wide concern. Results: In this article, we present a detailed summary of the molecular mechanisms of NDMA’s effect on the iNOS-dependent NO production in human neutrophils. Conclusion: This research contributes to a more complete understanding of the mechanisms that explain the changes that occur during nonspecific cellular responses to NDMA toxicity.

Introduction: Kinship Bereavement in Later Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Adult Child ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Traumatic Grief ◽  
Death Of A Parent ◽  
De Vries ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Analysis Of Variation

This article introduces a volume devoted to the examination of later-life bereavement: an analysis of variation in cause, course, and consequence. Six articles address and represent this variation and comprise this volume: 1) Prigerson et al. present case histories of the traumatic grief of spouses; 2) Hays et al. highlight the bereavement experiences of siblings in contrast to those spouses and friends; 3) Moss et al. address the role of gender in middle-aged children's responses to parent death; 4) Bower focuses on the language adopted by these adult children in accepting the death of a parent; 5) de Vries et al. explore the long-term, longitudinal effects on the psychological and somatic functioning of parents following the death of an adult child; and 6) Fry presents the short-term and longitudinal reactions of grandparents to the death of a grandchild. A concluding article is offered by de Vries stressing both the unique and common features of these varied bereavement experiences touching on some of the empirical issues and suggesting potential implications and applications.

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