The cathode polarization potential of silver in silver nitrate. Part 3.—Polarization phenomena during deposition on single crystals

1957 ◽  
Vol 53 (0) ◽  
pp. 1376-1379
Author(s):  
E. G. Neal ◽  
L. L. Shreir
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Polarization Potential ◽  
Cathode Polarization ◽  
Polarization Phenomena

THE EFFECT OF ADDITION AGENTS ON CATHODE POLARIZATION DURING ELECTRODEPOSITION OF COPPER AT SINGLE CRYSTAL COPPER CATHODES

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1756-1767
Author(s):  
K. Ekler ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Addition Agent ◽  
Cathode Polarization ◽  
Single Crystal Copper ◽  
Copper Single Crystals

The polarization–time relations for the initial (Pi), maximum (Pmax), and pseudo-steady-state (Ps) polarizations on copper single crystals in the absence and presence of gelatin and gelatin plus chloride ion were found to depend upon crystal orientation. The Pi and Pmax in the absence of gelatin, the Pi in its presence, and the static potentials were all similarly related to the reticular density. The Pi increased, and the time to maximum polarization (tmax) decreased, with increase of current density; the relations between these quantities showed marked differences for the different crystals. The variation with reticular density of Pi and Pmax in the absence of addition agents and of Pi in its presence probably represents differences in activation overpotential at the various crystal faces. The adsorption of gelatin on different crystal faces was also found to be markedly different. Polarization in the presence of gelatin was decreased by small amounts of chloride ion; a linear relation for all the crystals used was obtained by plotting the increase in polarization caused by gelatin against the decrease caused by 2 mgm./liter chloride ion in the presence of gelatin. In the absence of addition agent, change of acid concentration from 50 to 200 gm./liter had no effect on Pi and addition of chloride ion had no effect on Ps at single crystal cathodes.

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