A Kirkwood–Buff theoretical approach to Debye–Hückel theory. Interpretation of electrolyte activity coefficients in both dilute and concentrated solutions

1989 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Hückel Theory ◽  
Theory Interpretation

Ion relations of haemolymph, palliai fluid, and mucus of Lymnaea stagnalis

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Schlichter
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Mucus Secretion ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Hückel Theory ◽  
Ion Relations ◽  
Inorganic Complexes ◽  
Secretion Rates

The concentrations, and where possible, activities of the main inorganic ions were measured in haemolymph, palliai fluid, and mucus of Lymnaea stagnalis appressa Say (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), and in the artificial pond water (APW) in which the snails were stored. Activity coefficients of Na, K, Ca, and Cl in pallial fluid and in APW were compared with values calculated from Debye–Hückel theory. Some Na and Ca in pallial fluid, and Ca in APW are probably bound in organic or inorganic complexes. Comparison of the Nernst potentials with the transepithelial potential difference supports the idea that Na, K, Ca, and Cl must be actively taken up from APW by the snail. Pallial fluid is not identical to haemolymph and is probably a mixture of urine and haemolymph. Pallial fluid contaminates mucus during mucus collection. A method of correcting for this contamination is given. After correction, mucus had higher Ca and K, and possibly higher Mg concentrations than did haemolymph. Mucus had a high concentration of NH4+. Possible sources of ions in mucus are discussed. Mucus secretion rates are low enough that this is not an important cause of ion loss to the snail. Using ether to stimulate mucus secretion alters the water and K content of the mucus.

THE ACIDITY FUNCTIONS H0 AND J0(HR) FOR THE SYSTEM FORMIC ACID–WATER

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Stewart ◽  
Trevor Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Water System ◽  
Acid Water ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Acidity Functions

The acidity functions H0 and J0(HR) have been measured for the whole range of the formic acid – water system. The large negative J0 values for the more concentrated solutions fail to correlate with the functions derived by Gold on the basis of certain assumptions regarding the activity coefficients of the species involved. The cause of this deviation is discussed. The term log [R+]/[ROH] for the ionization of triphenylcarbinols in formic acid has been found to vary linearly with 1/T.

scholarly journals Predicting activity coefficients with the Debye–Hückel theory using concentration dependent static permittivity

AIChE Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Lei ◽  
Baoliang Peng ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Jianhui Luo ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Static Permittivity ◽  
Hückel Theory

scholarly journals A multiple decay-length extension of the Debye–Hückel theory: to achieve high accuracy also for concentrated solutions and explain under-screening in dilute symmetric electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (41) ◽  
pp. 23952-23985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Kjellander
Keyword(s):  
High Accuracy ◽  
Decay Length ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Hückel Theory

Very accurate pair distributions and thermodynamics of electrolytes from multiple Debye–Hückel-type decay components, which become oscillatory when appropriate.

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