Insights into the magnetism and phase transitions of organic radical-based materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercè Deumal ◽  
Sergi Vela ◽  
Maria Fumanal ◽  
Jordi Ribas-Arino ◽  
Juan J. Novoa
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Radicals ◽  
Organic Radical ◽  
Next Generation

Organic radicals have been consistently regarded as promising building blocks for the next generation of applied materials. Here, we discuss the insight gained from computational modelling into their magnetism and phase transitions.

Highly regioselective surface acetylation of cellulose and shaped cellulose constructs in the gas-phase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Koso ◽  
Marco Beaumont ◽  
Blaise Tardy ◽  
Daniel Rico del Cerro ◽  
Samuel Eyley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cellulosic Materials ◽  
Gas Phase Chemistry ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Phases ◽  
Phase Chemistry ◽  
Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Surface Acetylation

Gas-phase acylation of cellulose is an attractive method for modifying the surface properties of cellulosics. However, little is known concerning the regioselectivity of the chemistry, in terms of which cellulose positions are preferentially acylated and if acylation can be restricted to the surface, preserving crystallinities/morphologies. Consequently, we reexplore simple gas-phase acetylation of modern-day cellulosic building blocks – cellulose nanocrystals, pulps, regenerated fibre and aerogels. The gas-phase acetylation is shown to be highly regioselective for the C6-OH, is further supported with computational modelling. This contrasts with liquid-state acetylation, highlighting that the gas-phase chemistry is much more controllable, yet with similar kinetics to the uncatalyzed liquid-phase reactions. Furthermore, this method preserves both the native crystalline structure of cellulose and the supramolecular morphologies of even delicate cellulosic constructs (aerogel exhibiting retention of chiral cholesteric liquid crystalline phases). Therefore, we are convinced that this methodology will lead to more rapid adoption of precisely tailored and cellulosic materials

scholarly journals Recent Progress in the Synthesis and Characterization of Diarylethene-based MOFs

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1223-C1223
Author(s):  
Jason Benedict ◽  
Ian Walton ◽  
Dan Patel ◽  
Jordan Cox
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) remain an extremely active area of research given the wide variety of potential applications and the enormous diversity of structures that can be created from their constituent building blocks. While MOFs are typically employed as passive materials, next-generation materials will exhibit structural and/or electronic changes in response to applied external stimuli including light, charge, and pH. Herein we present recent results in which advanced photochromic diarylethenes are combined with MOFs through covalent and non-covalent methods to create photo-responsive permanently porous crystalline materials. This presentation will describe the design, synthesis, and characterization of next-generation photo-switchable diarylethene based ligands which are subsequently used to photo-responsive MOFs. These UBMOF crystals are, by design, isostructural with previously reported non-photoresponsive frameworks which enables a systematic comparison of their physical and chemical properties. While the photoswitching of the isolated ligand in solution is fully reversible, the cycloreversion reaction is suppressed in the UBMOF single crystalline phase. Spectroscopic evidence for thermally induced cycloreversion will be presented, as well as a detailed analysis addressing the limits of X-ray diffraction techniques applied to these systems.

scholarly journals High expression of VRT2 during wheat spikelet initiation increases the number of rudimentary basal spikelets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna E Backhaus ◽  
Ashleigh Lister ◽  
Melissa Tomkins ◽  
Nikolai M. Adamski ◽  
James Simmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Developmental Genetics ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Single Spike

Spikelets are the fundamental building blocks of Poaceae inflorescences and their development and branching patterns determine the various inflorescence architectures and grain yield of grasses. In wheat, the central spikelets produce the most and largest grains, while spikelet size gradually decreases acro- and basipetally, giving rise to the characteristic lanceolate shape of wheat spikes. The acropetal gradient correlates with the developmental age of spikelets, however the basal spikelets are developed first and the cause of their small size and rudimentary development is unclear. Here, we adapted G&T-seq, a low-input transcriptomics approach, to characterise gene expression profiles within spatial sections of individual spikes before and after the establishment of the lanceolate shape. We observed larger differences in gene expression profiles between the apical, central and basal sections of a single spike than between any section belonging to consecutive developmental timepoints. We found that SVP MADS-box transcription factors, including VRT-A2, are expressed highest in the basal section of the wheat spike and display the opposite expression gradient to flowering E-class SEP1 genes. Based on multi-year field trials and transgenic lines we show that higher expression of VRT-A2 in the basal sections of the spike is associated with increased numbers of rudimentary basal spikelets. Our results, supported by computational modelling, suggest that the delayed transition of basal spikelets from vegetative to floral developmental programmes results in the lanceolate shape of wheat spikes. This study highlights the value of spatially resolved transcriptomics to gain new insights into developmental genetics pathways of grass inflorescences.

Recent progress of TMD nanomaterials: phase transitions and applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Huang ◽  
Xiaofeng Fan ◽  
David J. Singh ◽  
W. T. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Next Generation

The diversity of electronic characteristics of TMDs ranging from the semiconducting, semi-metallic to metallic have broadened their application in catalysis, electrode materials and next-generation functional electronic devices.

scholarly journals Enabling single qubit addressability in a molecular semiconductor comprising gold-supported organic radicals

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1483-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake McGuire ◽  
Haralampos N. Miras ◽  
Emma Richards ◽  
Stephen Sproules
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin ◽  
Organic Radicals ◽  
Organic Radical ◽  
Single Qubit ◽  
Spin Qubit ◽  
Molecular Semiconductor

An organic radical attached to gold represents an electrically addressable prototype electron spin qubit with an impressively long coherence lifetime.

Complementary Resistive Switches (CRS): High speed performance for the application in passive nanocrossbar arrays

2011 ◽  
Vol 1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Rosezin ◽  
Eike Linn ◽  
Lutz Nielen ◽  
Carsten Kügeler ◽  
Rainer Bruchhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Non Volatile Memory ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
Resistive Switches

ABSTRACTIn this report, the fabrication and electrical characterization of fully vertically integrated complementary resistive switches (CRS), which consist of two anti-serially connected Cu-SiO2 memristive elements, is presented. The resulting CRS cells are initialized by a simple procedure and show high uniformity of resistance states afterwards. Furthermore, the CRS cells show high switching speeds below 50 ns, making them excellent building blocks for next generation non-volatile memory based on passive nanocrossbar arrays.

Naphtho[2,1-b:3,4-b′]bisthieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene-based semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (31) ◽  
pp. 8024-8029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoguang Li ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Weifeng Zhang ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Semiconductors ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Next Generation

Naphtho[2,1-b:3,4-b′]bisthieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene derivatives exhibiting a hole mobility of up to 0.25 cm2 V−1 s−1 show promise as useful building blocks to construct next-generation high performance organic semiconductors.

scholarly journals A Multiplexed Bacterial Two-Hybrid for Rapid Characterization of Protein-Protein Interactions and Iterative Protein Design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Clifford Boldridge ◽  
Ajasja Ljubetič ◽  
Hwangbeom Kim ◽  
Nathan Lubock ◽  
Dániel Szilágyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Coiled Coils ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Library Size ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
Synthetic Cell ◽  
Two Hybrid

AbstractMyriad biological functions require protein-protein interactions (PPIs), and engineered PPIs are crucial for applications ranging from drug design to synthetic cell circuits. Understanding and engineering specificity in PPIs is particularly challenging as subtle sequence changes can drastically alter specificity. Coiled-coils are small protein domains that have long served as a simple model for studying the sequence-determinants of specificity and have been used as modular building blocks to build large protein nanostructures and synthetic circuits. Despite their simple rules and long-time use, building large sets of well-behaved orthogonal pairs that can be used together is still challenging because predictions are often inaccurate, and, as the library size increases, it becomes difficult to test predictions at scale. To address these problems, we first developed a method called the Next-Generation Bacterial Two-Hybrid (NGB2H), which combines gene synthesis, a bacterial two-hybrid assay, and a high-throughput next-generation sequencing readout, allowing rapid exploration of interactions of programmed protein libraries in a quantitative and scalable way. After validating the NGB2H system on previously characterized libraries, we designed, built, and tested large sets of orthogonal synthetic coiled-coils. In an iterative set of experiments, we assayed more than 8,000 PPIs, used the dataset to train a novel linear model-based coiled-coil scoring algorithm, and then characterized nearly 18,000 interactions to identify the largest set of orthogonal PPIs to date with twenty-two on-target interactions.

scholarly journals Proteins as Sustainable Building Blocks for the Next Generation of Bioinorganic Nanomaterials

Biochemistry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Lach ◽  
Matthias Künzle ◽  
Tobias Beck
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Sustainable Building
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