Highly contrastive, real-time modulation of light intensity by reversible stress-whitening of spontaneously formed nanocomposites: Application to wearable strain sensors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Koo Park ◽  
Sungryul Yun ◽  
Geonwoo Hwang ◽  
Meejeong Choi ◽  
Dong Wook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Time Modulation ◽  
Stark Contrast ◽  
Stress Whitening ◽  
First Time

Stress-whitening is generally regarded as a sign of irreversible elasticity failure of polymer materials. Here, we report for the first time that in stark contrast to the conventional insight, the...

Probing the Dynamic Self-Assembly Behaviour of Photoswitchable Wormlike Micelles in Real Time

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine A. Kelly ◽  
Judith E. Houston ◽  
Rachel Evans
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Wormlike Micelles ◽  
Tetraethylene Glycol ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dependent Processes

Understanding the dynamic self-assembly behaviour of azobenzene photosurfactants (AzoPS) is crucial to advance their use in controlled release applications such as<i></i>drug delivery and micellar catalysis. Currently, their behaviour in the equilibrium <i>cis-</i>and <i>trans</i>-photostationary states is more widely understood than during the photoisomerisation process itself. Here, we investigate the time-dependent self-assembly of the different photoisomers of a model neutral AzoPS, <a>tetraethylene glycol mono(4′,4-octyloxy,octyl-azobenzene) </a>(C<sub>8</sub>AzoOC<sub>8</sub>E<sub>4</sub>) using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). We show that the incorporation of <i>in-situ</i>UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy with SANS allows the scattering profile, and hence micelle shape, to be correlated with the extent of photoisomerisation in real-time. It was observed that C<sub>8</sub>AzoOC<sub>8</sub>E<sub>4</sub>could switch between wormlike micelles (<i>trans</i>native state) and fractal aggregates (under UV light), with changes in the self-assembled structure arising concurrently with changes in the absorption spectrum. Wormlike micelles could be recovered within 60 seconds of blue light illumination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the degree of AzoPS photoisomerisation has been tracked <i>in</i><i>-situ</i>through combined UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy-SANS measurements. This technique could be widely used to gain mechanistic and kinetic insights into light-dependent processes that are reliant on self-assembly.

scholarly journals Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens of Dogs and Cats in Two Regions of Saudi Arabia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Abdullah D. Alanazi ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Alouffi ◽  
Mohamed S. Alyousif ◽  
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani ◽  
Hend H. A. M. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
First Time

Dogs and cats play an important role as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens, yet reports of canine and feline vector-borne diseases in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Blood samples were collected from 188 free-roaming dogs and cats in Asir (70 dogs and 44 cats) and Riyadh (74 dogs), Saudi Arabia. The presence of Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., hemotropic Mycoplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Hepatozoon spp. was detected using a multiplex tandem real-time PCR. PCR-positive samples were further examined with specific conventional and real-time PCR followed by sequencing. Dogs from Riyadh tested negative for all pathogens, while 46 out of 70 dogs (65.7%) and 17 out of 44 cats (38.6%) from Asir were positive for at least one pathogen. Positive dogs were infected with Anaplasma platys (57.1%), Babesia vogeli (30%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (15.7%), and Bartonella henselae (1.4%), and cats were infected with Mycoplasma haemofelis (13.6%), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (13.6%), B. henselae (9.2%), and A. platys (2.27%), all of which are reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Co-infection with A. platys and B. vogeli was detected in 17 dogs (24.28%), while coinfections were not detected in cats. These results suggest that effective control and public awareness strategies for minimizing infection in animals are necessary.

scholarly journals Bi-Dimensional Deflection Estimation by Embedded Fiber Bragg Gratings Sensors

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Palma ◽  
Palumbo ◽  
Pietra ◽  
Canale ◽  
Alviggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Structural Monitoring ◽  
Direct Measure ◽  
Large Structure ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Classical Beam Theory

In this work, we present and discuss on the deflection estimation of a bi-dimensional panel by using Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) as strain sensors embedded in the structure and a method based on the classical beam theory. The existing difficulties in the direct measure of the deflection are overcome thanks to the proposed technique and a real-time indirect structural monitoring is possible both on small and large structure. In many tests the estimated deflection with the proposed method has been compared with direct deflection measurements obtained with a mechanical comparator showing good agreement. A resolution of few tens of microns over a surface of the order of 1 m2 has been reached.

Intensifiers on Tyneside

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Barnfield ◽  
Isabelle Buchstaller
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
First Time

We report on longitudinal changes in the system of intensification in an innovative corpus that spans five decades of dialectal speech. Our analyses allow us — for the first time in a British context — to trace the quantitative development in the variable across four generations. Longitudinal analysis across real and apparent time determines the effect of extralinguistic and intralinguistic variables on intensification in Tyneside and tests to what extent real time data corroborates trends reported from previous apparent time analyses. Long-term competition within the variable manifests itself in distinctive developmental trajectories: expansion — both proportionally within the variable as well as across adjectival categories — tends to follow one of three types of patterns, exemplified, respectively, by really, so and dead. Variant retraction, however, follows only one schema. Importantly, numerical decline in the system does not necessarily go hand in hand with a reduction in breadth of application.

scholarly journals Design of an IoT based Real Time Environment Monitoring System using Legacy Sensors

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Aparajita Das ◽  
Manash Pratim Sarma ◽  
Kandarpa Kumar Sarma ◽  
Nikos Mastorakis
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Graphical Information ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Sun Light

This paper describes the design of an operative prototype based on Internet of Things (IoT) concepts for real time monitoring of various environmental conditions using certain commonly available and low cost sensors. The various environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, air pollution, sun light intensity and rain are continuously monitored, processed and controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller board with the help of several sensors. Captured data are broadcasted through internet with an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. The projected system delivers sensors data to an API called ThingSpeak over an HTTP protocol and allows storing of data. The proposed system works well and it shows reliability. The prototype has been used to monitor and analyse real time data using graphical information of the environment.

scholarly journals Active Optical Signal Conditioning and Monitoring System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalipada Chatterjee ◽  
Subrat Sahu ◽  
Venugopal Arumuru ◽  
Rajan jha
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wide Frequency Range ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Signal Conditioning ◽  
Time Modulation ◽  
Response Enhancement ◽  
Signal Monitoring ◽  
External Stimuli

Abstract An optical signal conditioning technique for dynamic modulation of signals and real-time monitoring of events is pivotal for developing various optical systems at micro/nano dimensions. The utilities of such technique include controllable signal enhancement and distinctive response towards external stimuli, with reconfigurable operational range. Here, we propose and demonstrate an optical technique based on the parallel integration of fiber modal interferometers for optical response enhancement and multi-signal monitoring. Overlap of the interferometers’ characteristic spectra facilitates controllable signal filtering, attenuation, and amplification of interferometer’s response towards dynamic field over wide frequency range of 1 Hz – 1 kHz. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) enhancement of 9 dB is achieved by applying 1 volt about the reference interferometer. The system enables real-time modulation of optical signals and multipoint signal monitoring using machine learning for various applications such as mechanical vibrations, acoustic fields, biological samples, fluid movement, and other similar dynamic fields.

scholarly journals Polymorphism rs3087243 is associated with the occurrence of ankylosing spondylitis in the West Algerian population

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Chahinez Amira DAHMANI ◽  
Ahmed BENZAOUI ◽  
Fatima Zohra SEDIKI ◽  
Leila ADDA NEGGAZ ◽  
Faouzia ZEMANI FODIL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
The West ◽  
Algerian Population ◽  
Ctla4 Gene ◽  
First Time ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Numerous studies have shown that polymorphism rs231775 of the CTLA4 gene is strongly implicated in the development of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Other polymorphisms of this gene are candidates that may have an additional effect in susceptibility to AS. For the first time, we searched for the association of rs3087243 polymorphism located in the 3'UTR region of the CTLA4 gene with the development of SA in the Algerian population. Methods: The study involved 200 subjects (80 AS patients recruited at the rheumatology service and 120 healthy individuals unrelated). Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR (Taqman®). Analysis of the results was carried out by IBM.SPSS.Statictis® software. Results: The distribution of allele frequencies showed a significant association between the GG genotype of the polymorphism rs3087243 and AS risk (OR= 1.77 [0.98-3.21], p=0.004). Conclusion: Our data would suggest that the 3'UTR region of the CTLA4 gene could have an impact on the development of SA in the West Algerian population. These results need to be confirmed on a larger sample.

scholarly journals Testing a Real-Time Tenofovir Urine Adherence Assay for Monitoring and Providing Feedback to Preexposure Prophylaxis in Kenya (PUMA): Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Drain ◽  
Kenneth Ngure ◽  
Nelly Mugo ◽  
Matthew Spinelli ◽  
Purba Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Preexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Adherence Monitoring ◽  
First Time

BACKGROUND The worldwide expansion of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with oral tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate/emtricitabine will be critical to ending the HIV epidemic. However, maintaining daily adherence to PrEP can be difficult, and the accuracy of self-reported adherence is often limited by social desirability bias. Pharmacologic adherence monitoring (measuring drug levels in a biomatrix) has been critical to interpreting PrEP trials, but testing usually requires expensive equipment and skilled personnel. We have recently developed a point-of-care (POC) immunoassay to measure tenofovir in urine, allowing real-time adherence monitoring for the first time. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to examine a point-of-care adherence metric in PrEP to support and increase adherence via a randomized controlled trial. METHODS The paper describes the protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial to test the acceptability, feasibility, and impact on long-term adherence of implementing a POC urine test to provide real-time adherence feedback among women on PrEP. Eligible women (n=100) will be HIV-negative, ≥18 years old, and recruited from a clinic in Kenya that provides PrEP. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to the intervention of providing real-time feedback via the assay versus standard of care adherence counseling. Acceptability by participants will be assessed by a quantitative survey, as well as by qualitative data collected via in-depth interviews (n=20) and focus group discussions (n=4 groups, 5-10 women each). Feasibility will be assessed by the proportion of women retained in the study, the mean number of missed visits, the proportion of planned urine assessments completed, and messages delivered, while in-depth interviews with providers (n=8) will explore the ease of administering the urine test. Tenofovir levels in hair will serve as long-term adherence metrics. A linear mixed-effects model will estimate the effect of the intervention versus standard of care on logarithmically transformed levels of tenofovir in hair. RESULTS This study has been funded by the National Institute of Health, approved by the Kenya Medical Research Institute Institutional Review Board, and will commence in June 2020. CONCLUSIONS A novel urine assay to measure and deliver information on adherence to PrEP in real-time will be tested for the first time in this trial planned among women on PrEP in Kenya. Study findings will inform a larger-scale trial assessing the impact of real-time adherence monitoring/feedback on HIV prevention. Improving adherence to PrEP will have long-term implications for efforts to end the HIV epidemic worldwide. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03935464; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03935464 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/15029

Detection of a few DNA copies by real-time electrochemical polymerase chain reaction

The Analyst ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (18) ◽  
pp. 3432-3440 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moreau ◽  
S. Delile ◽  
A. Sharma ◽  
C. Fave ◽  
A. Perrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Accurate Quantification

In the current work, accurate quantification over 10 to 108 DNA copies has been successfully achieved for the first time by real-time electrochemical PCR.

scholarly journals Demonstration of Real-Time Modulation-Adaptable Transmitter

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangyi Yan ◽  
Arash Farhadi Beldachi ◽  
Fengchen Qian ◽  
Koteswararao Kondepu ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Modulation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document