Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2): bismuth-based electrocatalysts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayu Guan ◽  
minmin Liu ◽  
Xufeng Rao ◽  
Yuyu Liu ◽  
Jiujun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

With the fast consumption of fossil fuels, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere has increased considerably, leading to possible irreversible climate changes. The electrochemical reduction of CO2...

Catalysts for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Hang Low ◽  
Boon Siang Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Made In

Abstract Anthropogenic activities powered by the burning of fossil fuels have caused excessive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. This has a negative impact on our environment. One promising approach to reduce the concentration of atmospheric CO2 is to convert it to useful products. This could be achieved via the electrochemical reduction of CO2 using renewable electricity. Methanol (CH3OH), a valuable fuel and feedstock, is one of the CO2 electroreduction products. However, its formation, thus far, has been plagued by the inadequacy of functional electrocatalysts. In this review, we summarize progresses made in the development of methanol-selective electrocatalysts, which provides us with a basis to discuss the underlying challenges of electroreducing CO2 to methanol.

Insights into the Development of Cu-based Photocathodes for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhang Li ◽  
Keke Wang ◽  
yanfang Ma ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Weixin Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

The ever-growing factitious over-consumption of fossil fuels and the accompanying massive emissions of CO2 have caused severe energy crisis and environmental issues. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) reduction of CO2 that can combine...

scholarly journals THE USE OF HYBRID VEHICLES AS A PROPOSAL FOR REDUCING CO2 EMISSIONS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 07
Author(s):  
C. A. R. De Carvalho ◽  
W. Q. Lamas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Global Concern

The problems related to energy consumption and pollutant emissions for thetransport sector represent a major global concern regarding climate changes caused by greenhouse gases, directly related to the increased level of gas emissions from fossil fuels , the main one being carbon dioxide. One way tominimize this problem is through the introduction of new technologies. Hybrid cars are one of the new technology options that has the main advantage of reducing fuel consumption and therefore reducing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. This paper gives an introduction to hybrid vehicles, with the aim of presenting their main advantages and evaluate their impact on emissions of CO2 in the Brazilian fleet, compared to conventional vehicles.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF LIVESTOCK MANURE FOR COAL ACTIVATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
EllIN HARlIA HARlIA ◽  
MARlINA ET ◽  
MASITA R ◽  
RAHMAH KN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Coal Bed ◽  
Coal Bed Methane ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

The natural methane formed by bacteria in anaerobic conditions is known as biogenic gas. Gas trapped in coal, formed through thermogenesis as well as biogenesisis known as coal-bed methane (CBM). The availability of organic material as decomposition of this material into methane is continuously required for the production of methane in the coal aquifer. The aim of this research was to investigate whether or not cattle feces bacteria were able to grow and produce methane in coal. Parameters measured were Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) and the production of biogas, such as nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane. Explorative method was used and data obtained was analyzed by descriptive approach. The results showed that the bacteria found in the feces survived in the coal and produce biogas. On day 2 when the process was at the acidogenesis phase, it produced VFA with the largest component of acetic acid. Acetic acid would undergo decarboxylation and reduction of CO2 followed by reactions of H2and CO2 to produce methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as the final products. ,

Selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO on CuO/In2O3 nanocomposites: role of oxygen vacancies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 5339-5349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinki Devi ◽  
Karan Malik ◽  
Ekta Arora ◽  
Saswata Bhattacharya ◽  
V. Kalendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Electrocatalytic Reduction ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Promising Avenue

For the clean and sustainable development, sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) through electrocatalytic reduction to produce high-value industrial precursors, such as CO, is a promising avenue.

Theoretical insights into the factors affecting the electrochemical reduction of CO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 4352-4369
Author(s):  
Azeem Mustafa ◽  
Bachirou Guene Lougou ◽  
Yong Shuai ◽  
Zhijiang Wang ◽  
Samia Razzaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rapid Release ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

The harmonious condition between nature and humans experiences severe challenges due to the continuous consumption of fossil fuels and the consequent rapid release of large CO2 levels into the atmosphere.

scholarly journals National Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory – Romania

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian PROOROCU ◽  
Sorin DEACONU ◽  
Mihaela SMARANDACHE
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Great Probability ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
National Inventory ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

As a Party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and its Kyoto Protocol, Romania is required to elaborate, regularly update and submit the national GHG Inventory. In compliance with the reporting requirements, Romania submitted in 2010 its ninth version of the National Inventory Report (NIR) covering the national inventories of GHG emissions/removals for the period 1989-2008. The inventories cover all sectors: Energy, Industrial Processes, Solvent and other product use, Agriculture, LULUCF and Waste. The direct GHGs included in the national inventory are: Carbon dioxide (CO2); Methane (CH4); Nitrous oxide (N2O); Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); Perfluorocarbons (PFCs); Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). The emissions trend over the 1989-2008 period reflects the changes characterized by a process of transition to a market economy. With the entire economy in transition, some energy intensive industries reduced their activities and this is reflected in the GHG emissions reduction. Energy represents the most important sector in Romania, accounting for about 69% of the total national GHG emissions in 2008. The most significant anthropogenic greenhouse gas is the carbon dioxide. The decrease of CO2 emissions is caused by the decline of the amount of fossil fuels burnt in the energy sector, as a consequence of activity decline. According to the figures, there is a great probability for Romania to meet the Kyoto Protocol commitments on the limitation of the GHG emissions in the 2008-2012 commitment period.

scholarly journals Elucidation of the Roles of Ionic Liquid in CO2 Electrochemical Reduction to Value-Added Chemicals and Fuels

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6962
Author(s):  
Sulafa Abdalmageed Saadaldeen Mohammed ◽  
Wan Zaireen Nisa Yahya ◽  
Mohamad Azmi Bustam ◽  
Md Golam Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Value Added Products

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2ER) is amongst one the most promising technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions since carbon dioxide (CO2) can be converted to value-added products. Moreover, the possibility of using a renewable source of energy makes this process environmentally compelling. CO2ER in ionic liquids (ILs) has recently attracted attention due to its unique properties in reducing overpotential and raising faradaic efficiency. The current literature on CO2ER mainly reports on the effect of structures, physical and chemical interactions, acidity, and the electrode–electrolyte interface region on the reaction mechanism. However, in this work, new insights are presented for the CO2ER reaction mechanism that are based on the molecular interactions of the ILs and their physicochemical properties. This new insight will open possibilities for the utilization of new types of ionic liquids. Additionally, the roles of anions, cations, and the electrodes in the CO2ER reactions are also reviewed.

It’s Not My Fault: Global Warming and Individual Moral Obligations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Main Culprit ◽  
The Rich

To make the issue stark, let us begin with a few assumptions. I believe that these assumptions are probably roughly accurate, but none is certain, and I will not try to justify them here. Instead, I will simply take them for granted for the sake of argument. First, global warming has begun and is likely to increase over the next century. We cannot be sure exactly how much or how fast, but hot times are coming. Second, a significant amount of global warming is due to human activities. The main culprit is fossil fuels. Third, global warming will create serious problems for many people over the long term by causing climate changes, including violent storms, floods from sea-level rises, droughts, heat waves, and so on. Millions of people will probably be displaced or die. Fourth, the poor will be hurt most of all. The rich countries are causing most of the global warming, but they will be able to adapt to climate changes more easily. Poor countries that are close to sea level might be devastated. Fifth, governments, especially the biggest and richest ones, are able to mitigate global warming They can impose limits on emissions. They can require or give incentives for increased energy efficiency. They can stop deforestation and fund reforestation. They can develop ways to sequester carbon dioxide in oceans or underground. These steps will help, but the only long-run solution lies in alternatives to fossil fuels. These alternatives can be found soon if governments start massive research projects now. Sixth, it is too late to stop global warming. Because there is so much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere already, because carbon dioxide remains in the atmosphere for so long, and because we will remain dependent on fossil fuels in the near future, governments can slow down global warming or reduce its severity, but they cannot prevent it. Hence, governments need to adapt. They need to build sea walls. They need to reinforce houses that cannot withstand storms. They need to move populations from low-lying areas.

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