scholarly journals Clickable Amino acid Tuned Self-Assembly of Nucleus-selective Multi-component Nanoplatform for Synergistic Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Yang ◽  
Xiao He ◽  
Zhiying Zeng ◽  
Jiakun Tang ◽  
Dongmei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Application Potential

Nucleus-targeted therapy holds great promise in cancer treatment, however, a lack of effective nucleus-specific delivery significantly limits its application potential. Here, we report a nucleus-targeted synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy based on...

pH/redox dual-stimuli-responsive cross-linked polyphosphazene nanoparticles for multimodal imaging-guided chemo-photodynamic therapy

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9457-9467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunan Jing ◽  
Zhe Zhi ◽  
Liming Jin ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Youshen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Stimuli Responsive

Multifunctional nanodrugs with the integration of precise diagnostic and effective therapeutic functions have shown great promise in improving the efficacy of cancer therapy.

Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Adjuvant Cancer Therapy, to Complement Immune Checkpoint Therapy and Other Traditional Cancer Therapies, with Least Auto-immune Side Effects through Eco-balance of Human Microbiome

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 4295-4317
Author(s):  
Malireddy S Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Probiotic Strains

This paper describes a novel serendipitous discovery to successfully treat cancer with improved efficiency emerged while using Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy (originally discovered to prevent or treat nosocomial infections) as an adjuvant therapy along with the immune checkpoint therapy and other conventional cancer therapies. This new discovery is named as “Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Adjuvant Cancer Therapy”. Cancer is rising as a global epidemic, currently killing over 9 million people every year. This figure is supposed to get up to 13 million by the year 2030.  The cancer epidemic is more prevalent in the Western countries than Eastern countries. The cost of treating cancer was $290 billion in the year 2010 and it is supposed to get up to $458 billion/year by the year 2030.  Recently checkpoint immune therapy is showing great promise as a treatment tool. Yet the global success in treating the cancer is only 20% or slightly higher, with all the advancements and discoveries.  A new paradigm shift in cancer treatment has been discovered as serendipitous discovery to enhance the efficiency of the existing cancer therapies significantly. This serendipitous discovery came as a surprise while running community based clinical trials using the novel discovery of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy to prevent or cure the hospital acquired or nosocomial infections, which are affecting over six million people with severe mortality.  Several physicians have observed that Dr. Reddy’s Probiotic therapy given for prevention or control of nosocomial infections significantly helped the recovery of cancer patients who were also receiving standard cancer therapies.  This article outlines the mechanism by which Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy assist to cure cancer at a much faster pace, with the least side effects, when used as adjuvant therapy along with the immune checkpoint therapy, and other standard cancer therapies.  Details are presented how the PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade therapy works to reduce cancer and also the possible scientific explanations why such an immune checkpoint therapy only works on limited cancer cases.  The effect of Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics on establishing the immune tolerance through reduction of local or systemic inflammation is also outlined. The possible biological and immunological mechanisms of how Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy significantly enhances the immune checkpoint therapy (PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade) has been presented with explicit details. The details are also presented showing how Multiple Mixed Strain Adjuvant Therapy can minimize or significantly reduce the unpleasant side effects of the current conventional and immune checkpoint cancer therapies. Practical clinical and experimental data presented to show the significance of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy, as an adjuvant therapy, along with the standard cancer therapies to improve the cancer treatment efficiencies by up to 60%. Evidence is presented to illustrate and point out that the current FDA regulations will allow the use of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic (Therapy) as nutritional supplement, since the probiotic strains used are categorized as food grade and GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe), as per the 21 Code of Federal Regulations of the Food and Drug Administration.  Details are presented with genus and species identification of individual probiotic strains used in the Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy. Thus special and formal FDA approval is not required to use them as adjuvants to improve the efficiency of traditional cancer therapies. Finally the scientific reasoning is presented with evidence to illustrate the utmost urgency and necessity of using Dr. M.S. Reddy’s “Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy” along with the immune checkpoint therapy and other traditional cancer therapies to protect the lives of millions of people dying with cancer annually.  

One-Step Self-Assembly of ZnPc/KMnF3: Yb, Er upconversion Photodynamic Therapy System for Antibacterial Applications

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 2050075
Author(s):  
Xingqi Zhu ◽  
Deshuai Zhen ◽  
Chenyi Li ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Hongchao Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanine ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
One Step

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds great promise as an effective approach to kill multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. In this study, KMnF3:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were prepared and modified with zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), a photosensitizer with a major absorption band at 670[Formula: see text]nm. ZnPc absorbs the emission at 660[Formula: see text]nm of the UCNPs producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) which kill the surrounding bacteria. The UCNPs were also modified with Tween to make them water-soluble and biocompatible, and oleylamine to provide positive charges to shorten the distance from bacteria. Detection of singlet oxygen production, bacteria viability test and confocal imaging were performed, respectively. The as-prepared system (UCNPs@ZnPc@Tween) shows enhanced efficiency of PDT against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

scholarly journals Designing a highly stable coordination-driven metallacycle for imaging-guided photodynamic cancer theranostics

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (30) ◽  
pp. 7940-7949
Author(s):  
Lizhen He ◽  
Li-Xuan Cai ◽  
Meng-Hua Li ◽  
Guang-Lu Zhang ◽  
Li-Peng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Oxygen Production ◽  
Photodynamic Cancer Therapy ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

A highly-luminescent metallacycle with chemical stability and singlet oxygen production ability were obtained by a spontaneous deprotonation self-assembly process, which exhibits application potential in imaging-guided photodynamic cancer therapy.

Amino Acid Degrading Enzymes and their Application in Cancer Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim S. Pokrovsky ◽  
Olga E. Chepikova ◽  
Denis Zh. Davydov ◽  
Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr ◽  
Alexander N. Lukashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Arginine Deiminase ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Essential Components

Background:Amino acids are essential components in various biochemical pathways. The deprivation of certain amino acids is an antimetabolite strategy for the treatment of amino acid-dependent cancers which exploits the compromised metabolism of malignant cells. Several studies have focused on the development and preclinical and clinical evaluation of amino acid degrading enzymes, namely L-asparaginase, L-methionine γ-lyase, L-arginine deiminase, L-lysine α-oxidase. Further research into cancer cell metabolism may therefore define possible targets for controlling tumor growth.Objective:The purpose of this review was to summarize recent progress in the relationship between amino acids metabolism and cancer therapy, with a particular focus on Lasparagine, L-methionine, L-arginine and L-lysine degrading enzymes and their formulations, which have been successfully used in the treatment of several types of cancer.Methods:We carried out a structured search among literature regarding to amino acid degrading enzymes. The main aspects of search were in vitro and in vivo studies, clinical trials concerning application of these enzymes in oncology.Results:Most published research are on the subject of L-asparaginase properties and it’s use for cancer treatment. L-arginine deiminase has shown promising results in a phase II trial in advanced melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Other enzymes, in particular Lmethionine γ-lyase and L-lysine α-oxidase, were effective in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion:The findings of this review revealed that therapy based on amino acid depletion may have the potential application for cancer treatment but further clinical investigations are required to provide the efficacy and safety of these agents.

New strategy for precise cancer therapy: tumor-specific delivery of mitochondria-targeting photodynamic therapy agents and in situ O2-generation in hypoxic tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 3994-4002
Author(s):  
Huachao Chen ◽  
Chengkun He ◽  
Tianyi Chen ◽  
Xuling Xue
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Mitochondria Targeting

This work reports new ROS-responsive and O2-producing nanoparticles to achieve selective and mitochondria-targeted PDT for cancer treatment against hypoxic tumors.

scholarly journals Autophagy Regulation and Photodynamic Therapy: Insights to Improve Outcomes of Cancer Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleska K. Martins ◽  
Renata Belotto ◽  
Maryana N. Silva ◽  
Daniel Grasso ◽  
Maynne D. Suriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Regulated Cell Death ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cell Death Mechanisms

Cancer is considered an age-related disease that, over the next 10 years, will become the most prevalent health problem worldwide. Although cancer therapy has remarkably improved in the last few decades, novel treatment concepts are needed to defeat this disease. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) signalize a pathway to treat and manage several types of cancer. Over the past three decades, new light sources and photosensitizers (PS) have been developed to be applied in PDT. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge to explain the main biochemical routes needed to trigger regulated cell death mechanisms, affecting, considerably, the scope of the PDT. Although autophagy modulation is being raised as an interesting strategy to be used in cancer therapy, the main aspects referring to the autophagy role over cell succumbing PDT-photoinduced damage remain elusive. Several reports emphasize cytoprotective autophagy, as an ultimate attempt of cells to cope with the photo-induced stress and to survive. Moreover, other underlying molecular mechanisms that evoke PDT-resistance of tumor cells were considered. We reviewed the paradigm about the PDT-regulated cell death mechanisms that involve autophagic impairment or boosted activation. To comprise the autophagy-targeted PDT-protocols to treat cancer, it was underlined those that alleviate or intensify PDT-resistance of tumor cells. Thereby, this review provides insights into the mechanisms by which PDT can be used to modulate autophagy and emphasizes how this field represents a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.

Porphyrin-functionalized coordination star polymers and their potential applications in photodynamic therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 6116-6121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Ji ◽  
Lei Xia ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Guang-Qiang Yin ◽  
Tao Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Star Polymers ◽  
New Family ◽  
Potential Applications

We present a new family of porphyrin-functionalized coordination star polymers prepared through combination of coordination-driven self-assembly and post-assembly polymerization. Their self-assembly behaviour in water and potential for photodynamic therapy were demonstrated.

Optical Properties of Photodynamic Therapy Drugs in Different Environments: The Paradigmatic Case of Temoporfin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
busenur Aslanoglu ◽  
Ilya Yakavets ◽  
Vladimir Zorin ◽  
Henri-Pierre Lassalle ◽  
Francesca Ingrosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Computational Tools

Computational tools have been used to study the photophysical and photochemical features of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) –a minimally invasive, less aggressive alternative for cancer treatment. PDT is mainly based by the activation of molecular oxygen through the action of a photoexcited sensitizer (photosensitizer). Temoporfin, widely known as mTHPC, is a second-generation photosensitizer, which produces the cytotoxic singlet oxygen when irradiated with visible light and hence destroys tumor cells. However, the bioavailability of the mostly hydrophobic photosensitizer, and hence its incorporation into the cells, is fundamental to achieve the desired effect on malignant tissues by PDT. In this study, we focus on the optical properties of the temoporfin chromophore in different environments –in <i>vacuo</i>, in solution, encapsulated in drug delivery agents, namely cyclodextrin, and interacting with a lipid bilayer.

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