scholarly journals Obtaining lignocellulosic biomass-based catalysts and their catalytic activity in cellobiose hydrolysis and acetic acid esterification reactions

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (30) ◽  
pp. 18259-18269
Author(s):  
Daniela Godina ◽  
Kristine Meile ◽  
Aivars Zhurinsh
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Cellobiose Hydrolysis ◽  
Esterification Reactions ◽  
Acid Esterification

In this work different biochars that were obtained as a by-product from birch chip fast pyrolysis and carbonization were used as is or chemically/physically treated. The characterisation was done using CB hydrolysis and acetic acid esterification.

Cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides and esterification reactions using the porous redox catalyst Co-POM@MIL-101(Cr)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (39) ◽  
pp. 15585-15595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Marandi ◽  
Mehrnaz Bahadori ◽  
Shahram Tangestaninejad ◽  
Majid Moghadam ◽  
Valiollah Mirkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Outer Sphere ◽  
Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Redox Catalyst ◽  
Redox Pair ◽  
Esterification Reactions

The catalytic activity of the Co-POM@MIL-101(Cr) composite in solvent-free cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides and esterification of acetic acid with alcohols is due to an outer-sphere electron transfer mechanism using the Co(iii)/Co(ii) redox pair.

Catalytic Activity of Char Obtained from Fast Pyrolysis in Esterification Reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Daniela Godina ◽  
Ralfs Pomilovskis ◽  
Kristine Meile ◽  
Nadežda Iljina ◽  
Aivars Zhurinsh
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Biomass Processing ◽  
Esterification Reactions ◽  
Potential Use

In this study different pathways for obtaining activated carbon with catalytical activity were analysed. Industrially fast pyrolysis is an efficient way of lignocellulosic biomass processing, since in this process various important high value chemicals are obtained. Biochar is obtained as the by-product in fast pyrolysis process from which activated carbon can be acquired with further chemical activation. Different methods for chemical activation of biochar were tested with the obtained activated charcoals being used as a catalyst in esterification reactions to evaluate their potential use as a heterogenic catalyst. Highest catalytical activity was observed when biochar was pre-treated with sulfuric acid at 80 °C for 24 hours. The obtained activated charcoal could be used as a catalyst for up to five times with no noticeable decrease in catalytic activity.

The use of catalyst to enhance the wet oxidation process

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Maugans ◽  
B. Kumfer
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Spent Caustic

Wet oxidation tests were performed on two pure compound streams: acetic acid and ammonia; and on two wastewater streams: acrylic acid wastewater and sulphide laden spent caustic. Test results showed that Mn/Ce and Pt/TiO2 were effective catalysts that greatly enhanced acetic acid, ammonia and acrylic acid wastewater destruction. However, the Mn/Ce catalyst performance appears to be inhibited by concentrated salts dissolved in solution. This could limit the applicability of this catalyst for the treatment of brackish wastewaters. Zr, Ce and Ce nanoparticles were also shown to exhibit some catalytic activity, however not to the extent of the Mn/Ce and the Pt/TiO2.

scholarly journals Kinetics and mechanism of meso-tetraphenylporphyriniron(III) chloride (TPP) catalysed oxidation of indole by sodium perborate

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kungumathilagam ◽  
K. Karunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Kinetic Scheme ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Radical Mechanism ◽  
Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Acetic Acid Medium ◽  
Catalysed Oxidation

Developing catalyst is very significant for biologically important reactions which yield products, used as drugs. Mechanistic study on meso-tetraphenylporphyriniron(III) chloride (TPP) catalysed oxidation of indole by sodium perborate in aqueous acetic acid medium have been carried out. The reaction follows a fractional order with respect to substrate and catalyst. The order with respect to oxidant was found to be one. Increase in the percentage of acetic acid and increase in the concentration of [H+] decreased the rate. The reaction fails to initiate polymerization, and a radical mechanism is ruled out. Activation and thermodynamic parameters have been computed. A suitable kinetic scheme based on these observations has been proposed. Significant catalytic activity is observed for the reaction system in the presence of TPP.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF ESTERS OF HALOGENOACETIC ACIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Primary Alcohols ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Catalyst ◽  
Nucleophilic Exchange ◽  
Pmr Spectra ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Esterification Reactions ◽  
Acetic Acids

Amidoalkylating reagents containing a phthalimide group are used in the synthesis of hard-to-reach primary amines and complex heterocyclic compounds. These types of amidoalkylating compounds are suitable reagents for nucleophilic substituted reactions in acidic media due to their resistance to acids. Result of reactions of amidoalkylating reagents-N-hydroxyethylphthalimide and N-hydroxymethylphthalimide with aliphatic carbonic acids can also produce new bactericidal and fungicidal esters. In this study, halogen acids reacted with N-hydroxymethylphthalimide monochloric acetic acid, monobromic acetic acid, monoiodic acetic acid, trifluoric acetic acid and trichloroacetic acid, as well as, N-b-hydroxyethylphthaleidyl monohydric acid. As a result of the reactions, new phthalimidomethyl and phthalimidoethyl esters of haloacetic acids were synthesized. The physical properties of crystalline esters have been determined. The structure of these compounds were confirmed by the analysis of their IR and PMR spectra. The esterification reactions of halogenated acetic acids were carried out in a benzene solvent and a sulfuric acid catalyst with primary alcohols, N-hydroxymethylphthalimide and N-β- beta hydroxyethylphthalimide,. It was found that in a benzene solvent, which increases the rate of bimolecular nucleophilic exchange in primary alcohols, phthalimidoethyl esters of halogen acid are formed in high yields, and phthalimidomethyl esters are formed in low yields. It was shown that the reaction of esterification of halogen acids with N-hydroxymethylphthalimide proceeds with monomolecular nucleophilic exchange.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of Several Novel Acidic Ionic Liquids: 1-ethyl-2-alkyl-benzimidazolium Tetra-Fluoroborate

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Tian Wang ◽  
Chang Ping Pan ◽  
Wei Peng Gai ◽  
Xiao Xia Lv ◽  
Min Gang Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity

A series of novel acidic ionic liquid: 1-ethyl-2-alkyl-benzimidazolium tetra-fluoroborate (alkyl= Et, Pr-n, Bu-n) were prepared by simple acid-based neutralization of 1-ethyl-2-alkyl-benzimidazole and tetrafluoroboric acid. The compounds were characterized by FTIR spectra, elemental analysis,1HNMR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. These novel tetra-fluoroborate salts show good catalytic activity to esterification of benzyl alcohol and acetic acid. Furthermore, a crystal of ([H-ebBiBF4) was prepared with the crystal structure and determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The molecular is of lamellar structure as mainly π electron ring is stacked interleaving between two layers. The results of cation and anion arranged orderly in pair indicate that the coulombic attraction is more dominant. Simultaneously, the weak local hydrogen bonds C-H···F exist in the molecules.

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