The use of catalyst to enhance the wet oxidation process

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Maugans ◽  
B. Kumfer
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Spent Caustic

Wet oxidation tests were performed on two pure compound streams: acetic acid and ammonia; and on two wastewater streams: acrylic acid wastewater and sulphide laden spent caustic. Test results showed that Mn/Ce and Pt/TiO2 were effective catalysts that greatly enhanced acetic acid, ammonia and acrylic acid wastewater destruction. However, the Mn/Ce catalyst performance appears to be inhibited by concentrated salts dissolved in solution. This could limit the applicability of this catalyst for the treatment of brackish wastewaters. Zr, Ce and Ce nanoparticles were also shown to exhibit some catalytic activity, however not to the extent of the Mn/Ce and the Pt/TiO2.

Study on wet oxidation process and mechanism for ethylene spent caustic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yuan Wei ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
ZongJian Liu ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Qun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Spent Caustic

Evaluation of a two-stage hydrothermal process for enhancing acetic acid production using municipal biosolids

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Aggrey ◽  
Peter Dare ◽  
Robert Lei ◽  
Daniel Gapes
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Thermal Hydrolysis ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Municipal Biosolids

A two-stage hydrothermal process aimed at improving acetic acid production using municipal biosolids was evaluated against thermal hydrolysis and conventional wet oxidation process in a 600 ml Parr batch reactor. Thermal hydrolysis was conducted at 140 °C, wet oxidation at 220 °C and the two-stage process, which acted as a series combination of thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation, at 220 °C. Initial pressure of 1 MPa was maintained in all the three processes. The results indicated that the highest acetic acid production of up to 58 mg/g dry solids feed was achieved in the wet oxidation process followed by the two-stage process with 36 mg/g dry solids feed and 1.8 mg/g dry solids feed for thermal hydrolysis. The acetic acid yield obtained by the thermal processes increased from 0.4% in the thermal hydrolysis process to 12% during the single stage wet oxidation, with the two-stage process achieving 8%. The purity of the acetic acid improved from 1% in thermal hydrolysis to 38% in the wet oxidation process. The two-stage process achieved acetic acid purity of 25%. This work demonstrated no enhancement of acetic acid production by the two-stage concept compared with the single stage wet oxidation process. This is in contrast to similar work by other researchers, investigated on carbohydrate biomass and vegetable wastes using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. However, the data obtained revealed that substrate specificity, reaction severity or oxidant type is clearly important in promoting reaction mechanisms which support enhanced acetic acid production using municipal biosolids.

Durability of Red Mud Based Geopolymer Paste in Acid Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Singh ◽  
M.U. Aswath ◽  
R.V. Ranganath
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Acid Attack ◽  
Geopolymer Paste

The present investigation is on the effect of red mud on the mechanical properties and durability of the geopolymer paste in sulphuric and acetic acid solution. Red mud and fly ash were used to form the geopolymer paste along with the alkalies. The variation of red mud in the paste composition was from 0% to 90%. Cylindrical shaped specimens of 1 inch diameter and 1 inch height were prepared. The specimens were immersed in 5% sulphuric acid and 5% acetic acid for 1, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 84 days and tested for weight loss, visual deformation, strength loss and colour of the solvent, based on the procedure specified by ASTM C 267 – 01. SEM/EDX Tests were performed on the geopolymer specimens. Test results show that initially, the strength of the geopolymer increased upon the addition of red mud. The strength was maximum when the percentage of red mud was 30%. The maximum strength obtained was 38 MPa for the paste containing 30% red mud using 10M alkali solution as against 31.69 MPa, when only fly ash was used. Geopolymer paste containing 30% and 50% red mud showed better resistance to acid attack. The strength loss was minimum for the samples containing 30% red mud in both inorganic and organic acid i.e. sulphuric and acetic acid.

scholarly journals Kinetics and mechanism of meso-tetraphenylporphyriniron(III) chloride (TPP) catalysed oxidation of indole by sodium perborate

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kungumathilagam ◽  
K. Karunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Kinetic Scheme ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Radical Mechanism ◽  
Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Acetic Acid Medium ◽  
Catalysed Oxidation

Developing catalyst is very significant for biologically important reactions which yield products, used as drugs. Mechanistic study on meso-tetraphenylporphyriniron(III) chloride (TPP) catalysed oxidation of indole by sodium perborate in aqueous acetic acid medium have been carried out. The reaction follows a fractional order with respect to substrate and catalyst. The order with respect to oxidant was found to be one. Increase in the percentage of acetic acid and increase in the concentration of [H+] decreased the rate. The reaction fails to initiate polymerization, and a radical mechanism is ruled out. Activation and thermodynamic parameters have been computed. A suitable kinetic scheme based on these observations has been proposed. Significant catalytic activity is observed for the reaction system in the presence of TPP.

Application of Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a Reaction Media for the Esterification of Acrylic Acid with n-Butanol

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Sert
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Toluene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Reaction Media

Abstract Within the framework of green chemistry, catalysts should be met different criteria such as biodegradability, recyclability, flammability, non-toxicity and low price. Acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) have been synthesized for this purpose, by mixing para-toluene sulfonic acid and choline chloride. The catalytic activity of DES was studied in the esterification of acrylic acid with n-butanol. The usage of DES as catalyst is simple, safe and cheap. The effects of temperature, catalyst loading, n-butanol/acrylic acid molar ratio on the conversion of acrylic acid were performed. The batch reactor experiments were carried out at temperatures of 338, 348, 358 and 368 K, molar ratio of butanol to acrylic acid of 1, 2,3 and catalyst loading of 10, 15, 20 and 90 g/L. 90.2% of acrylic acid conversion was achieved at a temperature of 358 K and catalyst loading of 20 g/L. Reusability of DES was investigated. Reusability and catalytic activity makes DES efficient as catalyst.

scholarly journals Effect of acrylic acid feed contents of microgels on catalytic activity of silver nanoparticles fabricated hybrid microgels

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 96-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahoor H. FAROOQI ◽  
Shanza Rauf KHAN ◽  
Robina BEGUM ◽  
Farah KANWAL ◽  
Ahsan SHARIF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Hybrid Microgels

scholarly journals Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Penghasil Asam Indol Asetat (AIA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Oktira Roka Aji ◽  
Iva Dita Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia

AbstrakBakteri endofit hidup dalam suatu tanaman tanpa menyebabkan gangguan bagi tanaman yang berperan penting dalam menstimulasi pertumbuhan tanaman, yaitu dengan memproduksi fitohormon seperti asam absisat, asam indol asetat, dan sitokinin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, menyeleksi, dan mengidentifikasi bakteri endofit yang terdapat pada daun, batang, dan akar tanaman jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Isolat bakteri endofit diseleksi berdasarkan kemampuannya dalam menghasilkan asam indol asetat (AIA). Isolat bakteri endofit ditumbuhkan pada media nutrient broth (NB) yang ditambah dengan L-triptofan. Konsentrasi AIA dihitung dengan penambahan reagen salkowski dan diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 530 nm. Identifikasi bakteri endofit dilakukan dengan analisis uji biokimia. Isolat bakteri endofit yang berhasil diisolasi sebanyak 12 isolat, yaitu 4 isolat dari daun, 4 isolat dari batang, dan 4 isolat dari akar. Hasil pengamatan pada uji AIA menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat bakteri endofit dapat menghasilkan hormon AIA. Isolat yang menghasilkan konsentrasi hormon AIA tertinggi adalah isolat B2 (6,51 ppm). Isolat bakteri yang berhasil diidentifikasi berasal dari genus Enterobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, dan Staphylococcus. Bakteri endofit yang dapat menghasilkan AIA berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai biofertilizer untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman. Abstract Endophytic bacteria live inside plants without causing disruption to plants and play an important role in stimulating plant growth. This study aims to isolate endophytic bacteria from lime plant (Citrus aurantifolia) and characterize its ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA). Bacterial isolates were grown on media supplemented with L-tryptophan as IAA precursor. The bacterial supernatant was mixed with salkowski reagents and then measured using a spectrophotometer at 530 nm. Bacterial identification was carried out using biochemical characteristic analysis. A total of 12 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from leaves, stem and roots of plants. Quantitative test results showed that all isolates can produce IAA. The highest concentration of IAA was produced by B2 (6.51 ppm). Biochemical analysis indicated that the isolates were from the genus Enterobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus. Endhophytic bacteria that can produce IAA have the potential to be developed as biofertilizers to increase crop productivity.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Properties of Solutions of the Acrylic Acid in 1,2-Dichloroethane and Acetic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Serheyev ◽  
◽  
Yuri Kos ◽  
Yuri Van-Chin-Syan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties
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